jungle Who acts: that, garden, people, place, Monkeys, Tigers · What happens: be, get through, compete, swing, live, play · To what, where: jungle, trees, jungles, jungle gym, concrete jungle, explorers
«jungle» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: jungle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A thick, warm, wet forest in a hot country, full of trees, plants and animals.
The tree, 15 words det amod punct amod punct amod case det amod nmod punct amod case obl punct conj cc conj punct root A DET thick ADJ , PUNCT warm ADJ , PUNCT wet ADJ forest NOUN in ADP a DET hot ADJ country NOUN , PUNCT full ADJ of ADP trees NOUN , PUNCT plants NOUN and CCONJ animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 forest det 2 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 7 forest amod 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 thick punct 4 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 7 forest amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 warm punct 6 wet wet ADJ Degree=Pos 7 forest amod 7 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 in in ADP _ 11 country case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 country det 10 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 11 country amod 11 country country NOUN Number=Sing 7 forest nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 full punct 13 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 11 country amod 14 of of ADP _ 15 trees case 15 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 13 full obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 plants punct 17 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 15 trees conj 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 animals cc 19 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 15 trees conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 7 forest punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2 A place that is wild, messy or hard to get through (the garden is a jungle).
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop amod punct conj cc conj mark xcomp advmod punct det nsubj cop det parataxis punct punct root A DET place NOUN that PRON is AUX wild ADJ , PUNCT messy ADJ or CCONJ hard ADJ to PART get VERB through ADV ( PUNCT the DET garden NOUN is AUX a DET jungle NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 place det 2 place place NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 5 wild nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 wild cop 5 wild wild ADJ Degree=Pos 2 place amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 messy punct 7 messy messy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 wild conj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 hard cc 9 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 5 wild conj 10 to to PART _ 11 get mark 11 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 hard xcomp 12 through through ADV _ 11 get advmod 13 ( ( PUNCT _ 18 jungle punct 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 garden det 15 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 18 jungle nsubj 16 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 jungle cop 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 jungle det 18 jungle jungle NOUN Number=Sing 5 wild parataxis 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 18 jungle punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 2 place punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present that wild property tree rules 2 be that not said here tree rules 3 be that not said here tree rules 4 get through to-infinitive that not said here through property vn cope-83-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 is a present the garden a jungle tree rules
Meaning 3 A place where people compete hard and roughly (it's a jungle out there).
The tree, 14 words det advmod nsubj acl:relcl advmod cc conj punct nsubj cop det appos advmod advmod punct punct root A DET place NOUN where ADV people NOUN compete VERB hard ADV and CCONJ roughly ADV ( PUNCT it PRON 's AUX a DET jungle NOUN out ADV there ADV ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 place det 2 place place NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 where where ADV PronType=Rel 5 compete advmod 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 compete nsubj 5 compete compete VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 place acl:relcl 6 hard hard ADV Degree=Pos 5 compete advmod 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 roughly cc 8 roughly roughly ADV _ 6 hard conj 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 13 jungle punct 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 jungle nsubj 11 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 jungle cop 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 jungle det 13 jungle jungle NOUN Number=Sing 2 place appos 14 out out ADV _ 15 there advmod 15 there there ADV PronType=Dem 13 jungle advmod 16 ) ) PUNCT _ 13 jungle punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 place punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 compete present people hard property vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present place a jungle there tree rules
Example 1 Monkeys swing through the trees of the jungle.
nsubj case det obl case det nmod punct root Monkeys NOUN swing VERB through ADP the DET trees NOUN of ADP the DET jungle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Monkeys monkey NOUN Number=Plur 2 swing nsubj 2 swing swing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 through through ADP _ 5 trees case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 trees det 5 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 2 swing obl 6 of of ADP _ 8 jungle case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 jungle det 8 jungle jungle NOUN Number=Sing 5 trees nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 swing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swing present Monkeys the trees of the jungle vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme through tree=Trajectory
Example 2 Tigers live in the jungles of India.
nsubj case det obl case nmod punct root Tigers NOUN live VERB in ADP the DET jungles NOUN of ADP India PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tigers tiger NOUN Number=Plur 2 live nsubj 2 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 jungles case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 jungles det 5 jungles jungle NOUN Number=Plur 2 live obl 6 of of ADP _ 7 India case 7 India India PROPN Number=Sing 5 jungles nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Tigers the jungles of India vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in jungle=Location
Example 3 Our back garden is a jungle after the summer.
nmod:poss compound nsubj cop det case det nmod punct root Our PRON back NOUN garden NOUN is AUX a DET jungle NOUN after ADP the DET summer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 garden nmod:poss 2 back back NOUN Number=Sing 3 garden compound 3 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 6 jungle nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 jungle cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 jungle det 6 jungle jungle NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 after after ADP _ 9 summer case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 summer det 9 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 6 jungle nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 jungle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Our back garden a jungle summer tree rules
Example 4 We played on the jungle gym at break (US).
nsubj case det compound obl case obl punct appos punct punct root We PRON played VERB on ADP the DET jungle NOUN gym NOUN at ADP break NOUN ( PUNCT US PROPN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 played nsubj 2 played play VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 6 gym case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 gym det 5 jungle jungle NOUN Number=Sing 6 gym compound 6 gym gym NOUN Number=Sing 2 played obl 7 at at ADP _ 8 break case 8 break break NOUN Number=Sing 2 played obl 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 10 US punct 10 US US PROPN Number=Sing 8 break appos 11 ) ) PUNCT _ 10 US punct 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 played punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play past We the jungle gym at break vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 The city is a concrete jungle.
det nsubj cop det amod punct root The DET city NOUN is AUX a DET concrete ADJ jungle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 city det 2 city city NOUN Number=Sing 6 jungle nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 jungle cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 jungle det 5 concrete concrete ADJ Degree=Pos 6 jungle amod 6 jungle jungle NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 jungle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the city a concrete jungle tree rules
Example 6 The explorers got lost in the jungle.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root The DET explorers NOUN got AUX lost VERB in ADP the DET jungle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 explorers det 2 explorers explorer NOUN Number=Plur 4 lost nsubj:pass 3 got get AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 lost aux:pass 4 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 jungle case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 jungle det 7 jungle jungle NOUN Number=Sing 4 lost obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 lost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose past · passive the explorers the jungle vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
Example 7 It rains almost every day in the jungle.
nsubj advmod det obl case det obl punct root It PRON rains VERB almost ADV every DET day NOUN in ADP the DET jungle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 rains nsubj 2 rains rain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 almost almost ADV _ 5 day advmod 4 every every DET PronType=Tot 5 day det 5 day day NOUN Number=Sing 2 rains obl 6 in in ADP _ 8 jungle case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 jungle det 8 jungle jungle NOUN Number=Sing 2 rains obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 rains punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rain present It the jungle day vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
Example 8 I had never seen the jungle.
nsubj aux advmod det obj punct root I PRON had AUX never ADV seen VERB the DET jungle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 seen nsubj 2 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 seen aux 3 never never ADV PronType=Neg 4 seen advmod 4 seen see VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 jungle det 6 jungle jungle NOUN Number=Sing 4 seen obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 seen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not see past · perfect I the jungle vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer jungle=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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