kidnap Who acts: you, villain, they, mum, police, kidnappers · What happens: take away, trick, keep, demand, incriminate, plan · To what, where: person, them, money, kidnapping, princess, car · Speech: someone speaks here
«kidnap» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: kidnap in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: law — kept apart, not parsed.
To take a person away by force or by tricking them, and keep them against their will, often to demand money.
The tree, 21 words mark advcl det obj advmod case obl cc mark conj obj punct cc obj case nmod:poss advcl punct advmod mark conj obj punct root To PART take VERB a DET person NOUN away ADV by ADP force NOUN or CCONJ by SCONJ tricking VERB them PRON , PUNCT and CCONJ keep VERB them PRON against ADP their PRON will AUX , PUNCT often ADV to PART demand VERB money NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 take mark 2 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 keep advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 person det 4 person person NOUN Number=Sing 2 take obj 5 away away ADV _ 2 take advmod 6 by by ADP _ 7 force case 7 force force NOUN Number=Sing 2 take obl 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 tricking cc 9 by by SCONJ _ 10 tricking mark 10 tricking trick VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 force conj 11 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 tricking obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 keep punct 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 keep cc 14 keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 15 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 keep obj 16 against against ADP _ 18 will case 17 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 will nmod:poss 18 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 keep advcl 19 , , PUNCT _ 22 demand punct 20 often often ADV _ 22 demand advmod 21 to to PART _ 22 demand mark 22 demand demand VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 14 keep conj 23 money money NOUN Number=Sing 22 demand obj 24 . . PUNCT _ 14 keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take away to-infinitive you not said here a person by force; away property vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme 2 trick gerund you not said here them = they vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient 3 keep imperative you not said here them = they vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme 4 demand speech: request to-infinitive you not said here money often property vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme money=Precondition
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: noun, UK — kept apart, not parsed.
The crime of kidnapping.
det case nmod punct root The DET crime NOUN of ADP kidnapping NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 crime det 2 crime crime NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 4 kidnapping case 4 kidnapping kidnapping NOUN Number=Sing 2 crime nmod 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 crime punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 incriminate kidnapping nom crime «act transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 The villain planned to kidnap the princess.
det nsubj mark xcomp det obj punct root The DET villain NOUN planned VERB to PART kidnap VERB the DET princess NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 villain det 2 villain villain NOUN Number=Sing 3 planned nsubj 3 planned plan VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 kidnap mark 5 kidnap kidnap VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 planned xcomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 princess det 7 princess princess NOUN Number=Sing 5 kidnap obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 planned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 plan past the villain vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 kidnap not said to happen to-infinitive the villain not said here the princess vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent princess=Theme
Example 2 Never get into a stranger's car, even if they say your mum sent them.
The tree, 15 words advmod case det nmod:poss case obl punct advmod mark nsubj advcl nmod:poss nsubj ccomp obj punct root Never ADV get VERB into ADP a DET stranger NOUN 's PART car NOUN , PUNCT even ADV if SCONJ they PRON say VERB your PRON mum NOUN sent VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 get advmod 2 get get VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 into into ADP _ 7 car case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 stranger det 5 stranger stranger NOUN Number=Sing 7 car nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 stranger case 7 car car NOUN Number=Sing 2 get obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 say punct 9 even even ADV _ 12 say advmod 10 if if SCONJ _ 12 say mark 11 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 say nsubj 12 say say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 get advcl 13 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 mum nmod:poss 14 mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 15 sent nsubj 15 sent send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 say ccomp 16 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 sent obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 get punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not get imperative you not said here a stranger's car vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into car=Destination 2 say speech: assert a condition, not said to happen present they vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 send past your mum them = they vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
Example 3 The police rescued the kidnapped boy within a day.
det nsubj det amod obj case det obl punct root The DET police NOUN rescued VERB the DET kidnapped VERB boy NOUN within ADP a DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 police det 2 police police NOUN Number=Plur 3 rescued nsubj 3 rescued rescue VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 boy det 5 kidnapped kidnap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 boy amod 6 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 3 rescued obj 7 within within ADP _ 9 day case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 day det 9 day day NOUN Number=Sing 3 rescued obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 rescued punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rescue past the police the kidnapped boy day vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Theme 2 kidnap participle vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The kidnappers asked for a ransom of one million dollars.
det nsubj case det obl case compound nummod nmod punct root The DET kidnappers NOUN asked VERB for ADP a DET ransom NOUN of ADP one NUM million NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 kidnappers det 2 kidnappers kidnapper NOUN Number=Plur 3 asked nsubj 3 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 for for ADP _ 6 ransom case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 ransom det 6 ransom ransom NOUN Number=Sing 3 asked obl 7 of of ADP _ 10 dollars case 8 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 million compound 9 million million NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 dollars nummod 10 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 6 ransom nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask past the kidnappers for a ransom of million dollars vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 ransom million dollars nom ransom «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 5 In the book, pirates kidnap the hero and take him to sea.
case det obl punct nsubj det obj cc conj obj case obl punct root In ADP the DET book NOUN , PUNCT pirates NOUN kidnap VERB the DET hero NOUN and CCONJ take VERB him PRON to ADP sea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 book case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 book det 3 book book NOUN Number=Sing 6 kidnap obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 book punct 5 pirates pirate NOUN Number=Plur 6 kidnap nsubj 6 kidnap kidnap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 hero det 8 hero hero NOUN Number=Sing 6 kidnap obj 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 take cc 10 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 kidnap conj 11 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 take obj 12 to to ADP _ 13 sea case 13 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 10 take obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 kidnap punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 kidnap present pirates the hero the book vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hero=Theme 2 take infinitive pirates not said here him = he sea vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to sea=Destination
Example 6 The news reported a failed kidnap attempt.
det nsubj det amod compound obj punct root The DET news NOUN reported VERB a DET failed VERB kidnap NOUN attempt NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 news det 2 news news NOUN Number=Sing 3 reported nsubj 3 reported report VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 attempt det 5 failed fail VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 attempt amod 6 kidnap kidnap NOUN Number=Sing 7 attempt compound 7 attempt attempt NOUN Number=Sing 3 reported obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 reported punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 report past the news a failed kidnap attempt vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attempt=Patient 2 fail participle vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 My little brother «kidnapped» my teddy, but I got it back!
The tree, 11 words nmod:poss amod nsubj punct punct nmod:poss obj punct cc nsubj conj obj advmod punct root My PRON little ADJ brother NOUN « PUNCT kidnapped VERB » PUNCT my PRON teddy NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ I PRON got VERB it PRON back ADV ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 brother nmod:poss 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 brother amod 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 5 kidnapped nsubj 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 kidnapped punct 5 kidnapped kidnap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 kidnapped punct 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 teddy nmod:poss 8 teddy teddy NOUN Number=Sing 5 kidnapped obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 got punct 10 but but CCONJ _ 12 got cc 11 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 12 got nsubj 12 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 kidnapped conj 13 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 got obj 14 back back ADV _ 12 got advmod 15 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 kidnapped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 kidnap in a quote past My little brother my teddy vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent teddy=Theme 2 get back past I teddy vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
Example 8 “Captain,” said Smee, “could we not kidnap these boys’ mother and make her our mother?”
The tree, 16 words punct nsubj punct punct nsubj punct punct aux nsubj advmod parataxis det nmod:poss case obj cc conj obj nmod:poss obj punct punct root “ PUNCT Captain NOUN , PUNCT ” PUNCT said VERB Smee PROPN , PUNCT “ PUNCT could AUX we PRON not PART kidnap VERB these DET boys NOUN ’ PART mother NOUN and CCONJ make VERB her PRON our PRON mother NOUN ? PUNCT ” PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 2 Captain punct 2 Captain captain NOUN Number=Sing 5 said nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Captain punct 4 ” " PUNCT _ 2 Captain punct 5 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 Smee Smee PROPN Number=Sing 5 said nsubj 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 kidnap punct 8 “ " PUNCT _ 12 kidnap punct 9 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 kidnap aux 10 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 12 kidnap nsubj 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 kidnap advmod 12 kidnap kidnap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 said parataxis 13 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 14 boys det 14 boys boy NOUN Number=Plur 16 mother nmod:poss 15 ’ 's PART _ 14 boys case 16 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 12 kidnap obj 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 make cc 18 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 kidnap conj 19 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 make obj 20 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 21 mother nmod:poss 21 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 18 make obj 22 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 said punct 23 ” " PUNCT _ 5 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: ask past Captain vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 not kidnap in a quote could we this boys's mother vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mother=Theme 3 make in a quote infinitive we not said here our mother Smee vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset she=Beneficiary mother=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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