knuckle

Who acts: fingers, you, He, She, Time, months · What happens: join, knuckle down, start, work, give in, obey · To what, where: hand, door, knuckles, homework, rollercoaster bar, rap · Speech: someone speaks here

«knuckle» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: knuckle in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

One of the joints of your fingers, especially where the fingers join the hand.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 joints	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 joints	det
4	joints	joint	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 One	nmod
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 fingers	case
6	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 fingers	nmod:poss
7	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 joints	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 join	punct
9	especially	especially	ADV	_	13 join	advmod
10	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	13 join	advmod
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 fingers	det
12	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 join	nsubj
13	join	join	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 One	conj
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 hand	det
15	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 join	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 One	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	join	present	the fingers	the hand				especially property	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

A joint of meat from an animal's leg, as in pork knuckle.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 joint	det
2	joint	joint	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 meat	case
4	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 joint	nmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	9 leg	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 animal	det
7	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 leg	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 animal	case
9	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 meat	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 knuckle	punct
11	as	as	ADP	_	14 knuckle	case
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 knuckle	case
13	pork	pork	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 knuckle	compound
14	knuckle	knuckle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 joint	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 joint	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

«knuckle down» — to start working hard.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 knuckle	punct
2	knuckle	knuckle	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	down	down	ADP	_	2 knuckle	compound:prt
4	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 knuckle	punct
5	—	-	PUNCT	_	7 start	punct
6	to	to	PART	_	7 start	mark
7	start	start	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 knuckle	conj
8	working	work	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 start	xcomp
9	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 working	advmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 knuckle	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	knuckle down in a quote	imperative	you not said here		tree rules
2	start	to-infinitive	you not said here		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	work	gerund	you not said here	hard property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Meaning 4

«knuckle under» — to give in and obey.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 knuckle	punct
2	knuckle	knuckle	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	under	under	ADP	_	4 »	case
4	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 knuckle	punct
5	—	-	PUNCT	_	7 give	punct
6	to	to	PART	_	7 give	mark
7	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 knuckle	parataxis
8	in	in	ADP	_	7 give	compound:prt
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 obey	cc
10	obey	obey	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 give	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 knuckle	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give in	to-infinitive							vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	obey	present							vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Example 1

He knocked on the door with his knuckles.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 knocked	nsubj
2	knocked	knock	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 door	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 door	det
5	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 knocked	obl
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 knuckles	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 knuckles	nmod:poss
8	knuckles	knuckle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 knocked	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 knocked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	knock	past	He			the door		with his knuckles	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with knuckle=Theme

Example 2

She grazed her knuckles on the wall.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 grazed	nsubj
2	grazed	graze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 knuckles	nmod:poss
4	knuckles	knuckle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grazed	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 wall	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wall	det
7	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grazed	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 grazed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	graze	past	She	her knuckles				on the wall	vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.theme PP.instrument»: agent=Agent knuckle=Experiencer on wall=Theme

Example 3

Time to knuckle down and do your homework.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 knuckle	nsubj
2	to	to	PART	_	3 knuckle	mark
3	knuckle	knuckle	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	down	down	ADP	_	3 knuckle	compound:prt
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 do	cc
6	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 knuckle	conj
7	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 homework	nmod:poss
8	homework	homework	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 do	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 knuckle	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	knuckle down	to-infinitive	Time						tree rules
2	do	infinitive	Time not said here	your homework					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality

Example 4

Use your knuckles to remember which months have 31 days.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Use	use	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 knuckles	nmod:poss
3	knuckles	knuckle	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Use	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 remember	mark
5	remember	remember	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Use	advcl
6	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	7 months	det
7	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 have	nsubj
8	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 remember	ccomp
9	31	31	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 days	nummod
10	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 have	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Use	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	use	imperative	you not said here	your knuckles		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knuckle=Patient
2	remember	to-infinitive	you not said here			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	have	present	which months		day	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Example 5

My knuckles went white as I held the rollercoaster bar.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 knuckles	nmod:poss
2	knuckles	knuckle	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 went	nsubj
3	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 went	xcomp
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 held	mark
6	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 held	nsubj
7	held	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 went	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 bar	det
9	rollercoaster	rollercoaster	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bar	compound
10	bar	bar	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 held	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	My knuckles					white property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	hold	past	I	the rollercoaster bar					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bar=Theme

Example 6

He got a rap on the knuckles for being late.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 got	nsubj
2	got	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 rap	det
4	rap	rap	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 got	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 knuckles	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 knuckles	det
7	knuckles	knuckle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 got	obl
8	for	for	SCONJ	_	10 late	mark
9	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 late	cop
10	late	late	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 got	advcl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 got	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	past	He	a rap		the knuckles			vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent rap=Theme on knuckle=Source
2	is	gerund	He not said here					late property	tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/K/knuckle/