labourer Who acts: person, hard physical work, labourers, great grandad, Thousands, labourer · What happens: be, dig, job, build, pay, carry up · To what, where: hard physical work, trench, farm labourer, railway, labourers, parable
«labourer» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: labourer in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A person whose job is hard physical work, such as building, digging or farming, usually without special training.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj nmod:poss nsubj cop amod amod punct case fixed conj punct acl cc conj punct advmod case amod obl punct root A DET person NOUN whose PRON job NOUN is AUX hard ADJ physical ADJ work NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP building NOUN , PUNCT digging VERB or CCONJ farming NOUN , PUNCT usually ADV without ADP special ADJ training NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing 8 work nsubj 3 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 4 job nmod:poss 4 job job NOUN Number=Sing 8 work nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 work cop 6 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 8 work amod 7 physical physical ADJ Degree=Pos 8 work amod 8 work work NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 building punct 10 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 12 building case 11 as as ADP _ 10 such fixed 12 building building NOUN Number=Sing 8 work conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 digging punct 14 digging dig VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 work acl 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 farming cc 16 farming farming NOUN Number=Sing 14 digging conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 21 training punct 18 usually usually ADV _ 21 training advmod 19 without without ADP _ 21 training case 20 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 21 training amod 21 training training NOUN Number=Sing 14 digging obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 8 work punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a person hard physical work and building tree rules 2 dig gerund hard physical work and building not said here without special training vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 job hard physical work and building nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The labourers dug the trench for the new pipe.
det nsubj det obj case det amod obl punct root The DET labourers NOUN dug VERB the DET trench NOUN for ADP the DET new ADJ pipe NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 labourers det 2 labourers labourer NOUN Number=Plur 3 dug nsubj 3 dug dig VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 trench det 5 trench trench NOUN Number=Sing 3 dug obj 6 for for ADP _ 9 pipe case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 pipe det 8 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 9 pipe amod 9 pipe pipe NOUN Number=Sing 3 dug obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 dug punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dig past the labourers the trench for the new pipe vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent trench=Result for pipe=Beneficiary
Example 2 My great-grandad was a farm labourer.
nmod:poss amod punct nsubj cop det compound punct root My PRON great ADJ - PUNCT grandad NOUN was AUX a DET farm NOUN labourer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 grandad nmod:poss 2 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 4 grandad amod 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 great punct 4 grandad grandad NOUN Number=Sing 8 labourer nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 labourer cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 labourer det 7 farm farm NOUN Number=Sing 8 labourer compound 8 labourer labourer NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 labourer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past My great grandad a farm labourer tree rules
Example 3 Thousands of labourers built the railway.
nsubj case nmod det obj punct root Thousands NOUN of ADP labourers NOUN built VERB the DET railway NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thousands thousand NOUN Number=Plur 4 built nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 3 labourers case 3 labourers labourer NOUN Number=Plur 1 Thousands nmod 4 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 railway det 6 railway railway NOUN Number=Sing 4 built obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past Thousands of labourers the railway vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset railway=Product
Example 4 In the parable, the labourers in the vineyard were all paid the same.
The tree, 13 words case det obl punct det nsubj:pass case det nmod aux:pass advmod det obj punct root In ADP the DET parable NOUN , PUNCT the DET labourers NOUN in ADP the DET vineyard NOUN were AUX all ADV paid VERB the DET same ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 parable case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 parable det 3 parable parable NOUN Number=Sing 12 paid obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 parable punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 labourers det 6 labourers labourer NOUN Number=Plur 12 paid nsubj:pass 7 in in ADP _ 9 vineyard case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 vineyard det 9 vineyard vineyard NOUN Number=Sing 6 labourers nmod 10 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 paid aux:pass 11 all all ADV _ 12 paid advmod 12 paid pay VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 same det 14 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 12 paid obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 12 paid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pay past · passive the labourers in the vineyard the parable all property vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Recipient same=Asset
Example 5 The labourer carried bricks up the ladder.
det nsubj obj compound:prt det obj punct root The DET labourer NOUN carried VERB bricks NOUN up ADP the DET ladder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 labourer det 2 labourer labourer NOUN Number=Sing 3 carried nsubj 3 carried carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 bricks brick NOUN Number=Plur 3 carried obj 5 up up ADP _ 3 carried compound:prt 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 ladder det 7 ladder ladder NOUN Number=Sing 3 carried obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 carried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry up past the labourer bricks vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme brick=Beneficiary ladder=Value
Example 6 Labourers often work outside in all weathers.
nsubj advmod advmod case det obl punct root Labourers NOUN often ADV work VERB outside ADV in ADP all DET weathers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Labourers labourer NOUN Number=Plur 3 work nsubj 2 often often ADV _ 3 work advmod 3 work work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 outside outside ADV _ 3 work advmod 5 in in ADP _ 7 weathers case 6 all all DET PronType=Tot 7 weathers det 7 weathers weather NOUN Number=Plur 3 work obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 work punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work present Labourers in all weathers; often, outside property vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in weather=Theme
Example 7 ‘I want to get work as a day labourer,’ he answered.
The tree, 11 words punct nsubj advcl mark xcomp obj case det compound obl punct punct nsubj punct root ‘ PUNCT I PRON want VERB to PART get VERB work NOUN as ADP a DET day NOUN labourer NOUN , PUNCT ’ PUNCT he PRON answered VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ‘ ' PUNCT _ 3 want punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 want nsubj 3 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 answered advcl 4 to to PART _ 5 get mark 5 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 want xcomp 6 work work NOUN Number=Sing 5 get obj 7 as as ADP _ 10 labourer case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 labourer det 9 day day NOUN Number=Sing 10 labourer compound 10 labourer labourer NOUN Number=Sing 5 get obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 3 want punct 12 ’ ' PUNCT _ 3 want punct 13 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 answered nsubj 14 answered answer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 15 . . PUNCT _ 14 answered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present I vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 get not said to happen to-infinitive I not said here work as a day labourer vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer work=Stimulus as labourer=Attribute 3 answer speech: assert past he vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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