lace Who acts: lace, holes, you, laces, I, bride · What happens: be, use, tie, pattern, lace up, mean · To what, where: thin string, shoe, fine delicate cloth, holes, dresses, shoes · Speech: someone speaks here
«lace» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lace in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A lace (or shoelace) is a thin string used to tie a shoe or boot.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj punct cc appos punct cop det amod acl mark advcl det obj cc conj punct root A DET lace NOUN ( PUNCT or CCONJ shoelace NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX a DET thin ADJ string NOUN used VERB to PART tie VERB a DET shoe NOUN or CCONJ boot NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lace det 2 lace lace NOUN Number=Sing 10 string nsubj 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 shoelace punct 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 shoelace cc 5 shoelace shoelace NOUN Number=Sing 2 lace appos 6 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 shoelace punct 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 string cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 string det 9 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 10 string amod 10 string string NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 string acl 12 to to PART _ 13 tie mark 13 tie tie VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 used advcl 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 shoe det 15 shoe shoe NOUN Number=Sing 13 tie obj 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 boot cc 17 boot boot NOUN Number=Sing 15 shoe conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 10 string punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a lace a thin string tree rules 2 use participle a thin string not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 tie to-infinitive a shoe or boot vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Lace is a fine, delicate cloth with patterns of holes, used on dresses, curtains and tablecloths.
The tree, 16 words nsubj cop det amod punct amod case nmod case nmod punct acl case obl punct conj cc conj punct root Lace NOUN is AUX a DET fine ADJ , PUNCT delicate ADJ cloth NOUN with ADP patterns NOUN of ADP holes NOUN , PUNCT used VERB on ADP dresses NOUN , PUNCT curtains NOUN and CCONJ tablecloths NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lace lace NOUN Number=Sing 7 cloth nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 cloth cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 cloth det 4 fine fine ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cloth amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 fine punct 6 delicate delicate ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cloth amod 7 cloth cloth NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 with with ADP _ 9 patterns case 9 patterns pattern NOUN Number=Plur 7 cloth nmod 10 of of ADP _ 11 holes case 11 holes hole NOUN Number=Plur 9 patterns nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 used punct 13 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 holes acl 14 on on ADP _ 15 dresses case 15 dresses dress NOUN Number=Plur 13 used obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 curtains punct 17 curtains curtain NOUN Number=Plur 15 dresses conj 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 tablecloths cc 19 tablecloths tablecloth NOUN Number=Plur 15 dresses conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 7 cloth punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Lace a fine delicate cloth with patterns of holes tree rules 2 use participle holes not said here dresses and curtains and tablecloths vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 pattern holes nom pattern «cognition intransitive»: of=agent
Meaning 3 To lace (up) means to tie shoes or boots with laces.
mark csubj punct compound:prt punct mark xcomp obj cc conj case obl punct root To PART lace VERB ( PUNCT up ADP ) PUNCT means VERB to PART tie VERB shoes NOUN or CCONJ boots NOUN with ADP laces NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lace mark 2 lace lace VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means csubj 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 up punct 4 up up ADP _ 2 lace compound:prt 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 lace punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 tie mark 8 tie tie VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means xcomp 9 shoes shoe NOUN Number=Plur 8 tie obj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 boots cc 11 boots boot NOUN Number=Plur 9 shoes conj 12 with with ADP _ 13 laces case 13 laces lace NOUN Number=Plur 8 tie obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lace up to-infinitive vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 tie not said to happen to-infinitive shoes or boots with laces vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent shoe=Patient with lace=Co-Patient
Meaning 4 To lace food or drink with something means to add a small amount of something to it, often secretly.
The tree, 19 words mark csubj obj cc conj case obl mark xcomp det amod obj case nmod case nmod punct advmod advmod punct root To PART lace VERB food NOUN or CCONJ drink NOUN with ADP something PRON means VERB to PART add VERB a DET small ADJ amount NOUN of ADP something PRON to ADP it PRON , PUNCT often ADV secretly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lace mark 2 lace lace VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 means csubj 3 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 lace obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 drink cc 5 drink drink NOUN Number=Sing 3 food conj 6 with with ADP _ 7 something case 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 lace obl 8 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 to to PART _ 10 add mark 10 add add VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 means xcomp 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 amount det 12 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 13 amount amod 13 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing 10 add obj 14 of of ADP _ 15 something case 15 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 13 amount nmod 16 to to ADP _ 17 it case 17 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 something nmod 18 , , PUNCT _ 20 secretly punct 19 often often ADV _ 20 secretly advmod 20 secretly secretly ADV _ 10 add advmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 8 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lace to-infinitive food or drink with something vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient PP.instrument»: agent=Agent food=Patient with something=Instrument 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 add speech: assert not said to happen to-infinitive a small amount of something secretly property vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent amount=Patient 4 amount something nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 Tie your laces before you run.
nmod:poss obj mark nsubj advcl punct root Tie VERB your PRON laces NOUN before SCONJ you PRON run VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tie tie VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 laces nmod:poss 3 laces lace NOUN Number=Plur 1 Tie obj 4 before before SCONJ _ 6 run mark 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 run nsubj 6 run run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Tie advcl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Tie punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tie imperative you not said here your laces vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lace=Patient 2 run present you vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 My laces came undone and I tripped.
nmod:poss nsubj advmod cc nsubj conj punct root My PRON laces NOUN came VERB undone ADV and CCONJ I PRON tripped VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 laces nmod:poss 2 laces lace NOUN Number=Plur 3 came nsubj 3 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 undone undone ADV _ 3 came advmod 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 tripped cc 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 tripped nsubj 7 tripped trip VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 came conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past My laces undone property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 trip past I vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 Can you lace up my football boots?
aux nsubj compound:prt nmod:poss compound obj punct root Can AUX you PRON lace VERB up ADP my PRON football NOUN boots NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 lace aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 lace nsubj 3 lace lace VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 up up ADP _ 3 lace compound:prt 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 boots nmod:poss 6 football football NOUN Number=Sing 7 boots compound 7 boots boot NOUN Number=Plur 3 lace obj 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 lace punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lace up can you my football boots vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boot=Patient
Example 4 Grandma's tablecloth is made of white lace.
nmod:poss case nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod obl punct root Grandma NOUN 's PART tablecloth NOUN is AUX made VERB of ADP white ADJ lace NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 3 tablecloth nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Grandma case 3 tablecloth tablecloth NOUN Number=Sing 5 made nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 made aux:pass 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 lace case 7 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 8 lace amod 8 lace lace NOUN Number=Sing 5 made obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Grandma's tablecloth of white lace vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 5 The bride wore a veil of lace.
det nsubj det obj case nmod punct root The DET bride NOUN wore VERB a DET veil NOUN of ADP lace NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bride det 2 bride bride NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore nsubj 3 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 veil det 5 veil veil NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 lace case 7 lace lace NOUN Number=Sing 5 veil nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past the bride a veil of lace vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent veil=Theme
Example 6 She bought new pink laces for her trainers.
nsubj amod amod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root She PRON bought VERB new ADJ pink ADJ laces NOUN for ADP her PRON trainers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 bought nsubj 2 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 5 laces amod 4 pink pink ADJ Degree=Pos 5 laces amod 5 laces lace NOUN Number=Plur 2 bought obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 trainers case 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 trainers nmod:poss 8 trainers trainer NOUN Number=Plur 2 bought obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past She new pink laces for her trainers vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent lace=Theme for trainer=Beneficiary
Example 7 The pie was laced with cinnamon.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET pie NOUN was AUX laced VERB with ADP cinnamon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pie det 2 pie pie NOUN Number=Sing 4 laced nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 laced aux:pass 4 laced lace VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 cinnamon case 6 cinnamon cinnamon NOUN Number=Sing 4 laced obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 laced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lace past · passive the pie with cinnamon vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with cinnamon=Instrument
Example 8 Tuck your laces in so they do not catch in the bike chain.
nmod:poss obj mark advmod nsubj aux advmod advcl case det compound obl punct root Tuck VERB your PRON laces NOUN in SCONJ so ADV they PRON do AUX not PART catch VERB in ADP the DET bike NOUN chain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tuck tuck VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 laces nmod:poss 3 laces lace NOUN Number=Plur 1 Tuck obj 4 in in SCONJ _ 9 catch mark 5 so so ADV _ 9 catch advmod 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 catch nsubj 7 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 catch aux 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 catch advmod 9 catch catch VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Tuck advcl 10 in in ADP _ 13 chain case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 chain det 12 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 13 chain compound 13 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 9 catch obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 1 Tuck punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tuck imperative you not said here your laces vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent lace=Theme 2 not catch present · do-support laces = lace the bike chain vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 9 In white crape and lace she was like a floating swan.
case amod obl cc conj nsubj cop case det amod punct root In ADP white ADJ crape NOUN and CCONJ lace NOUN she PRON was AUX like ADP a DET floating VERB swan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 crape case 2 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 3 crape amod 3 crape crape NOUN Number=Sing 11 swan obl 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 lace cc 5 lace lace NOUN Number=Sing 3 crape conj 6 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 swan nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 swan cop 8 like like ADP _ 11 swan case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 swan det 10 floating float VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 swan amod 11 swan swan NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 swan punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 float gerund vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is past she white crape and lace like a floating swan tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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