lacking Who acts: you, Lacking, set, She, puzzle, They · What happens: lack, mean, not have, need, have, buy · To what, where: something, enough, little, sleep, 3 cards, toy · Speech: someone speaks here
«lacking» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lacking in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Lacking means not having something you need, or not having enough of it.
The tree, 13 words nsubj advmod ccomp obj nsubj acl:relcl punct cc advmod advcl obj case nmod punct root Lacking VERB means VERB not PART having VERB something PRON you PRON need VERB , PUNCT or CCONJ not PART having VERB enough ADJ of ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lacking lack VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 having advmod 4 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means ccomp 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 having obj 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 need nsubj 7 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 something acl:relcl 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 having punct 9 or or CCONJ _ 11 having cc 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 having advmod 11 having have VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 having advcl 12 enough enough ADJ Degree=Pos 11 having obj 13 of of ADP _ 14 it case 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 enough nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack gerund tree rules 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 not have gerund something vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 4 need present you vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 5 not have gerund enough of it vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enough=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Lacking in something means having too little of it: lacking in sleep.
csubj case obl ccomp advmod obj case nmod punct advcl case obl punct root Lacking VERB in ADP something PRON means VERB having VERB too ADV little ADJ of ADP it PRON : PUNCT lacking VERB in ADP sleep NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lacking lack VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 means csubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 something case 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 1 Lacking obl 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 means ccomp 6 too too ADV _ 7 little advmod 7 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 5 having obj 8 of of ADP _ 9 it case 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 little nmod 10 : : PUNCT _ 11 lacking punct 11 lacking lack VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 having advcl 12 in in ADP _ 13 sleep case 13 sleep sleep NOUN Number=Sing 11 lacking obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack gerund something tree rules 2 mean present Lacking vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 have gerund little of it vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Patient 4 lack gerund sleep tree rules
Example 1 The set is lacking 3 cards.
det nsubj aux nummod obj punct root The DET set NOUN is AUX lacking VERB 3 NUM cards NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 set det 2 set set NOUN Number=Sing 4 lacking nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 lacking aux 4 lacking lack VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 cards nummod 6 cards card NOUN Number=Plur 4 lacking obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 lacking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack present · progressive the set 3 cards tree rules
Example 2 She was lacking $5 to buy the toy.
nsubj aux obj nummod mark xcomp det obj punct root She PRON was AUX lacking VERB $ SYM 5 NUM to PART buy VERB the DET toy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 lacking nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 lacking aux 3 lacking lack VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 $ $ SYM _ 3 lacking obj 5 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 $ nummod 6 to to PART _ 7 buy mark 7 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 $ xcomp 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 toy det 9 toy toy NOUN Number=Sing 7 buy obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 lacking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack past · progressive She tree rules 2 buy to-infinitive She not said here the toy vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toy=Theme
Example 3 The puzzle is lacking 12 pieces out of 100.
det nsubj aux nummod obj case case nmod punct root The DET puzzle NOUN is AUX lacking VERB 12 NUM pieces NOUN out ADP of ADP 100 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 puzzle det 2 puzzle puzzle NOUN Number=Sing 4 lacking nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 lacking aux 4 lacking lack VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 pieces nummod 6 pieces piece NOUN Number=Plur 4 lacking obj 7 out out ADP _ 9 100 case 8 of of ADP _ 9 100 case 9 100 100 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 pieces nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 lacking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack present · progressive the puzzle 12 pieces 100 tree rules
Example 4 They were lacking 2 players for a team of 11.
nsubj aux nummod obj case det obl case nmod punct root They PRON were AUX lacking VERB 2 NUM players NOUN for ADP a DET team NOUN of ADP 11 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 lacking nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 lacking aux 3 lacking lack VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 players nummod 5 players player NOUN Number=Plur 3 lacking obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 team case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 team det 8 team team NOUN Number=Sing 3 lacking obl 9 of of ADP _ 10 11 case 10 11 11 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 team nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 lacking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack past · progressive They 2 players for a team of 11 tree rules
Example 5 The plant was lacking water, so its leaves drooped.
det nsubj aux obj punct advmod nmod:poss nsubj conj punct root The DET plant NOUN was AUX lacking VERB water NOUN , PUNCT so ADV its PRON leaves NOUN drooped VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plant det 2 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 4 lacking nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 lacking aux 4 lacking lack VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 lacking obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 drooped punct 7 so so ADV _ 10 drooped advmod 8 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 leaves nmod:poss 9 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 10 drooped nsubj 10 drooped droop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 lacking conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 lacking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack past · progressive the plant water tree rules 2 droop past plant's leaves vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 The story was lacking an ending.
det nsubj aux det obj punct root The DET story NOUN was AUX lacking VERB an DET ending NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 story det 2 story story NOUN Number=Sing 4 lacking nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 lacking aux 4 lacking lack VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 ending det 6 ending ending NOUN Number=Sing 4 lacking obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 lacking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack past · progressive the story a ending tree rules
Example 7 He felt tired because he was lacking sleep.
nsubj xcomp mark nsubj aux advcl obj punct root He PRON felt VERB tired ADJ because SCONJ he PRON was AUX lacking VERB sleep NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 felt nsubj 2 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos 2 felt xcomp 4 because because SCONJ _ 7 lacking mark 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 lacking nsubj 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 lacking aux 7 lacking lack VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 felt advcl 8 sleep sleep NOUN Number=Sing 7 lacking obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel past He tired property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 lack past · progressive he sleep tree rules
Example 8 Nothing was lacking for the picnic.
nsubj aux case det obl punct root Nothing PRON was AUX lacking VERB for ADP the DET picnic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 3 lacking nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 lacking aux 3 lacking lack VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 for for ADP _ 6 picnic case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 picnic det 6 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 3 lacking obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 lacking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack past · progressive Nothing for the picnic tree rules
Example 9 Only thy coat is lacking before I keep my word.
advmod nmod:poss nsubj aux mark nsubj advcl nmod:poss obj punct root Only ADV thy PRON coat NOUN is AUX lacking VERB before SCONJ I PRON keep VERB my PRON word NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 3 coat advmod 2 thy thy PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch 3 coat nmod:poss 3 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing 5 lacking nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 lacking aux 5 lacking lack VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 before before SCONJ _ 8 keep mark 7 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 keep nsubj 8 keep keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 lacking advcl 9 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 word nmod:poss 10 word word NOUN Number=Sing 8 keep obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 lacking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack present · progressive thy coat tree rules 2 keep present I my word vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme 3 word my nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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