laity Who acts: church, People, bishop, Members, grandmother, laity · What happens: not be, meet, read, be, help, organise · To what, where: priests, experts, subject, Bible readings, lay reader, lead services
«laity» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: laity in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.
The ordinary members of a church who are not priests, ministers or clergy.
The tree, 13 words det amod case det nmod nsubj cop advmod conj punct conj cc conj punct root The DET ordinary ADJ members NOUN of ADP a DET church NOUN who PRON are AUX not PART priests NOUN , PUNCT ministers NOUN or CCONJ clergy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 members det 2 ordinary ordinary ADJ Degree=Pos 3 members amod 3 members member NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 of of ADP _ 6 church case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 church det 6 church church NOUN Number=Sing 3 members nmod 7 who who PRON PronType=Rel 10 priests nsubj 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 priests cop 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 priests advmod 10 priests priest NOUN Number=Plur 6 church conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 ministers punct 12 ministers minister NOUN Number=Plur 10 priests conj 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 clergy cc 14 clergy clergy NOUN Number=Plur 10 priests conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 members punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is a present a church and priests and ministers or clergy priests and ministers or clergy tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 People who are not experts in a subject.
nsubj nsubj cop advmod case det nmod punct root People NOUN who PRON are AUX not PART experts NOUN in ADP a DET subject NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 5 experts nsubj 2 who who PRON PronType=Rel 5 experts nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 experts cop 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 experts advmod 5 experts expert NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 subject case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 subject det 8 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing 5 experts nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 experts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is a present People experts a subject tree rules
Example 1 The bishop met with the clergy and the laity.
det nsubj case det obl cc det conj punct root The DET bishop NOUN met VERB with ADP the DET clergy NOUN and CCONJ the DET laity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bishop det 2 bishop bishop NOUN Number=Sing 3 met nsubj 3 met meet VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 with with ADP _ 6 clergy case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 clergy det 6 clergy clergy NOUN Number=Sing 3 met obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 laity cc 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 laity det 9 laity laity NOUN Number=Sing 6 clergy conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 met punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 meet past the bishop with the clergy and the laity vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with clergy=Co-Agent
Example 2 Members of the laity read the Bible readings on Sunday.
nsubj case det nmod det compound obj case nmod punct root Members NOUN of ADP the DET laity NOUN read VERB the DET Bible PROPN readings NOUN on ADP Sunday PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Members member NOUN Number=Plur 5 read nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 4 laity case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 laity det 4 laity laity NOUN Number=Sing 1 Members nmod 5 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 readings det 7 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 8 readings compound 8 readings reading NOUN Number=Plur 5 read obj 9 on on ADP _ 10 Sunday case 10 Sunday Sunday PROPN Number=Sing 8 readings nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past Members of the laity the Bible readings on Sunday vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reading=Topic
Example 3 My grandmother is a lay reader, one of the laity who helps lead services.
The tree, 14 words nmod:poss nsubj cop det amod punct appos case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl compound obj punct root My PRON grandmother NOUN is AUX a DET lay ADJ reader NOUN , PUNCT one NUM of ADP the DET laity NOUN who PRON helps VERB lead NOUN services NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 grandmother nmod:poss 2 grandmother grandmother NOUN Number=Sing 6 reader nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 reader cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 reader det 5 lay lay ADJ Degree=Pos 6 reader amod 6 reader reader NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 one punct 8 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 reader appos 9 of of ADP _ 11 laity case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 laity det 11 laity laity NOUN Number=Sing 8 one nmod 12 who who PRON PronType=Rel 13 helps nsubj 13 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 laity acl:relcl 14 lead lead NOUN Number=Sing 15 services compound 15 services service NOUN Number=Plur 13 helps obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 reader punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present My grandmother a lay reader tree rules 2 help present the laity lead services vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent service=Beneficiary
Example 4 The laity helped organise the church fete.
det nsubj xcomp det compound obj punct root The DET laity NOUN helped VERB organise VERB the DET church NOUN fete NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 laity det 2 laity laity NOUN Number=Sing 3 helped nsubj 3 helped help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 organise organise VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 helped xcomp 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 fete det 6 church church NOUN Number=Sing 7 fete compound 7 fete fete NOUN Number=Sing 4 organise obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 helped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help past the laity vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 organise infinitive the laity not said here the church fete tree rules
Example 5 Science books for the laity explain things simply.
compound nsubj case det nmod obj advmod punct root Science NOUN books NOUN for ADP the DET laity NOUN explain VERB things NOUN simply ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Science science NOUN Number=Sing 2 books compound 2 books book NOUN Number=Plur 6 explain nsubj 3 for for ADP _ 5 laity case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 laity det 5 laity laity NOUN Number=Sing 2 books nmod 6 explain explain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 6 explain obj 8 simply simply ADV _ 6 explain advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 explain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 explain speech: assert present Science books for the laity things simply property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic
Example 6 Both clergy and laity sang in the choir.
cc:preconj nsubj cc conj case det obl punct root Both CCONJ clergy NOUN and CCONJ laity NOUN sang VERB in ADP the DET choir NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Both both CCONJ _ 5 sang cc:preconj 2 clergy clergy NOUN Number=Plur 5 sang nsubj 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 laity cc 4 laity laity NOUN Number=Sing 2 clergy conj 5 sang sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 choir case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 choir det 8 choir choir NOUN Number=Sing 5 sang obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 sang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express past clergy and laity the choir vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in choir=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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