lamp Who acts: lamp, thing, Old lamps, most lamps, heat lamp, 9 lamps · What happens: be, give, stand, burn, make, use · To what, where: thing, light, table, oil, electricity, warmth
«lamp» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lamp in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A lamp is a thing that gives light, often standing on a table, a desk or along a street.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl obj punct advmod advcl case det obl punct det nmod cc case det conj punct root A DET lamp NOUN is AUX a DET thing NOUN that PRON gives VERB light NOUN , PUNCT often ADV standing VERB on ADP a DET table NOUN , PUNCT a DET desk NOUN or CCONJ along ADP a DET street NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lamp det 2 lamp lamp NOUN Number=Sing 5 thing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 thing cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 thing det 5 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 gives nsubj 7 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 thing acl:relcl 8 light light NOUN Number=Sing 7 gives obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 standing punct 10 often often ADV _ 11 standing advmod 11 standing stand VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 gives advcl 12 on on ADP _ 14 table case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 table det 14 table table NOUN Number=Sing 11 standing obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 desk punct 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 desk det 17 desk desk NOUN Number=Sing 5 thing nmod 18 or or CCONJ _ 21 street cc 19 along along ADP _ 21 street case 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 street det 21 street street NOUN Number=Sing 17 desk conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 thing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a lamp a thing a desk or a street nmod tree rules 2 give present a thing light vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme 3 stand gerund a thing not said here a table often property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on table=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Old lamps burned oil or gas to make light; most lamps today use electricity.
The tree, 14 words amod nsubj obj cc conj mark advcl obj punct amod nsubj obl:unmarked conj obj punct root Old ADJ lamps NOUN burned VERB oil NOUN or CCONJ gas NOUN to PART make VERB light NOUN ; PUNCT most ADJ lamps NOUN today NOUN use VERB electricity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Old old ADJ Degree=Pos 2 lamps amod 2 lamps lamp NOUN Number=Plur 3 burned nsubj 3 burned burn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 3 burned obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 gas cc 6 gas gas NOUN Number=Sing 4 oil conj 7 to to PART _ 8 make mark 8 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 burned advcl 9 light light NOUN Number=Sing 8 make obj 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 14 use punct 11 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 12 lamps amod 12 lamps lamp NOUN Number=Plur 14 use nsubj 13 today today NOUN Number=Sing 14 use obl:unmarked 14 use use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 burned conj 15 electricity electricity NOUN Number=Sing 14 use obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 burned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 burn participle Old lamps oil or gas vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent oil=Theme 2 make to-infinitive Old lamps not said here light vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset light=Product 3 use present most lamps electricity today vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent electricity=Patient
Meaning 3 A heat lamp gives warmth.
det compound nsubj obj punct root A DET heat NOUN lamp NOUN gives VERB warmth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 lamp det 2 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 3 lamp compound 3 lamp lamp NOUN Number=Sing 4 gives nsubj 4 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 warmth warmth NOUN Number=Sing 4 gives obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present a heat lamp warmth vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent warmth=Theme
Example 1 There are 9 lamps along the street.
expl nummod nsubj case det obl punct root There PRON are VERB 9 NUM lamps NOUN along ADP the DET street NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 are expl 2 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 9 9 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 lamps nummod 4 lamps lamp NOUN Number=Plur 2 are nsubj 5 along along ADP _ 7 street case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 street det 7 street street NOUN Number=Sing 2 are obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 are punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 does present 9 lamps the street; there vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along street=Location
Example 2 Lamps stand every 20 m.
nsubj det nummod obj root Lamps NOUN stand VERB every DET 20 NUM m. NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lamps lamp NOUN Number=Plur 2 stand nsubj 2 stand stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 every every DET PronType=Tot 5 m. det 4 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 m. nummod 5 m. m. NOUN Number=Sing 2 stand obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand present Lamps every 20 m. vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer m.=Stimulus
Example 3 A lamp costs 15 dollars.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root A DET lamp NOUN costs VERB 15 NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lamp det 2 lamp lamp NOUN Number=Sing 3 costs nsubj 3 costs cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 dollars nummod 5 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 3 costs obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 costs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present a lamp 15 dollars vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value
Example 4 Each room has 2 lamps.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root Each DET room NOUN has VERB 2 NUM lamps NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 room det 2 room room NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 lamps nummod 5 lamps lamp NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present each room 2 lamps vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lamp=Patient
Example 5 I read in bed by the light of my lamp.
nsubj case obl case det obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root I PRON read VERB in ADP bed NOUN by ADP the DET light NOUN of ADP my PRON lamp NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 read nsubj 2 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 bed case 4 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 2 read obl 5 by by ADP _ 7 light case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 light det 7 light light NOUN Number=Sing 2 read obl 8 of of ADP _ 10 lamp case 9 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 lamp nmod:poss 10 lamp lamp NOUN Number=Sing 7 light nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read present I bed by the light of my lamp vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 light my lamp nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient
Example 6 The lamp lights up when the circuit is closed.
det nsubj compound:prt mark det nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct root The DET lamp NOUN lights VERB up ADP when SCONJ the DET circuit NOUN is AUX closed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 lamp det 2 lamp lamp NOUN Number=Sing 3 lights nsubj 3 lights light VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 up up ADP _ 3 lights compound:prt 5 when when SCONJ _ 9 closed mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 circuit det 7 circuit circuit NOUN Number=Sing 9 closed nsubj:pass 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 closed aux:pass 9 closed close VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 lights advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 lights punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 light up present the lamp vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 close present · passive the circuit vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 7 Aladdin rubbed the lamp and a genie appeared.
nsubj det obj cc det nsubj conj punct root Aladdin PROPN rubbed VERB the DET lamp NOUN and CCONJ a DET genie NOUN appeared VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Aladdin Aladdin PROPN Number=Sing 2 rubbed nsubj 2 rubbed rub VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 lamp det 4 lamp lamp NOUN Number=Sing 2 rubbed obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 8 appeared cc 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 genie det 7 genie genie NOUN Number=Sing 8 appeared nsubj 8 appeared appear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 rubbed conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 rubbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rub past Aladdin the lamp vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent lamp=Theme 2 appear past a genie vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 The street lamps come on when it gets dark.
det compound nsubj advmod advmod nsubj advcl xcomp punct root The DET street NOUN lamps NOUN come VERB on ADV when ADV it PRON gets VERB dark ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 lamps det 2 street street NOUN Number=Sing 3 lamps compound 3 lamps lamp NOUN Number=Plur 4 come nsubj 4 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 on on ADV _ 4 come advmod 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 gets advmod 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 gets nsubj 8 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 come advcl 9 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 8 gets xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 come punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come on present the street lamps vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 get present it dark property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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