lamentation Who acts: Lamentations, Toad, Book, Her, poem, parents · What happens: be, weep, fling down, fill, lament, break · To what, where: book, Toad, bitter lamentation, church, mourners, Old Testament
«lamentation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lamentation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Loud crying and sad words because of grief or loss.
amod cc amod conj case fixed nmod cc conj punct root Loud ADJ crying NOUN and CCONJ sad ADJ words NOUN because ADP of ADP grief NOUN or CCONJ loss NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 2 crying amod 2 crying crying NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 and and CCONJ _ 5 words cc 4 sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos 5 words amod 5 words word NOUN Number=Plur 2 crying conj 6 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 8 grief case 7 of of ADP _ 6 because fixed 8 grief grief NOUN Number=Sing 5 words nmod 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 loss cc 10 loss loss NOUN Number=Sing 8 grief conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 crying punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2 Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.
Lamentations is a book of the Bible: sad poems about the fall of Jerusalem.
The tree, 14 words nsubj cop det case det nmod punct amod appos case det nmod case nmod punct root Lamentations NOUN is AUX a DET book NOUN of ADP the DET Bible PROPN : PUNCT sad ADJ poems NOUN about ADP the DET fall NOUN of ADP Jerusalem PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lamentations lamentation NOUN Number=Plur 4 book nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 book cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 book det 4 book book NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 Bible case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 Bible det 7 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 4 book nmod 8 : : PUNCT _ 10 poems punct 9 sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos 10 poems amod 10 poems poem NOUN Number=Plur 4 book appos 11 about about ADP _ 13 fall case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 fall det 13 fall fall NOUN Number=Sing 10 poems nmod 14 of of ADP _ 15 Jerusalem case 15 Jerusalem Jerusalem PROPN Number=Sing 13 fall nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 book punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Lamentations a book of the Bible tree rules
Example 1 There was weeping and lamentation in the city.
expl xcomp cc conj case det obl punct root There PRON was VERB weeping VERB and CCONJ lamentation NOUN in ADP the DET city NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 was expl 2 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 weeping weep VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 was xcomp 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 lamentation cc 5 lamentation lamentation NOUN Number=Sing 3 weeping conj 6 in in ADP _ 8 city case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 city det 8 city city NOUN Number=Sing 3 weeping obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past there tree rules 2 weep gerund in the city vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in city=Theme
Example 2 Toad flung himself down in bitter lamentation.
nsubj obj compound:prt case amod obl punct root Toad PROPN flung VERB himself PRON down ADP in ADP bitter ADJ lamentation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Toad Toad PROPN Number=Sing 2 flung nsubj 2 flung fling VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 2 flung obj 4 down down ADP _ 2 flung compound:prt 5 in in ADP _ 7 lamentation case 6 bitter bitter ADJ Degree=Pos 7 lamentation amod 7 lamentation lamentation NOUN Number=Sing 2 flung obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 flung punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fling down past Toad Toad bitter lamentation vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent himself=Theme in lamentation=Destination
Example 3 The lamentations of the mourners filled the church.
det nsubj case det nmod det obj punct root The DET lamentations NOUN of ADP the DET mourners NOUN filled VERB the DET church NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 lamentations det 2 lamentations lamentation NOUN Number=Plur 6 filled nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 mourners case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 mourners det 5 mourners mourner NOUN Number=Plur 2 lamentations nmod 6 filled fill VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 church det 8 church church NOUN Number=Sing 6 filled obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 filled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fill past the lamentations of the mourners the church vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent church=Patient 2 lament the mourners nom lamentation «communication transitive»: of=patient
Example 4 The Book of Lamentations is in the Old Testament.
det nsubj case nmod cop case det amod punct root The DET Book PROPN of ADP Lamentations PROPN is AUX in ADP the DET Old ADJ Testament PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Book det 2 Book Book PROPN Number=Sing 9 Testament nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 Lamentations case 4 Lamentations Lamentation PROPN Number=Plur 2 Book nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 Testament cop 6 in in ADP _ 9 Testament case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Testament det 8 Old old ADJ Degree=Pos 9 Testament amod 9 Testament Testament PROPN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 Testament punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the Book of Lamentations the Old Testament tree rules
Example 5 Her lamentations over the broken vase went on all day.
nmod:poss nsubj case det amod nmod case det obl punct root Her PRON lamentations NOUN over ADP the DET broken VERB vase NOUN went VERB on ADP all DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 lamentations nmod:poss 2 lamentations lamentation NOUN Number=Plur 7 went nsubj 3 over over ADP _ 6 vase case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 vase det 5 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 vase amod 6 vase vase NOUN Number=Sing 2 lamentations nmod 7 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 on on ADP _ 10 day case 9 all all DET PronType=Tot 10 day det 10 day day NOUN Number=Sing 7 went obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient 2 go past Her lamentations over the broken vase day vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 lament Her = she the broken vase nom lamentation «communication transitive»: poss=agent over=place
Example 6 The poem is a lamentation for a lost friend.
det nsubj cop det case det amod nmod punct root The DET poem NOUN is AUX a DET lamentation NOUN for ADP a DET lost VERB friend NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 poem det 2 poem poem NOUN Number=Sing 5 lamentation nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 lamentation cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 lamentation det 5 lamentation lamentation NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 for for ADP _ 9 friend case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 friend det 8 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 friend amod 9 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 5 lamentation nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 lamentation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the poem a lamentation for a lost friend tree rules 2 lose participle vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 At this story the parents redoubled their lamentations.
case det obl det nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root At ADP this DET story NOUN the DET parents NOUN redoubled VERB their PRON lamentations NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 3 story case 2 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 story det 3 story story NOUN Number=Sing 6 redoubled obl 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 parents det 5 parents parent NOUN Number=Plur 6 redoubled nsubj 6 redoubled redouble VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 lamentations nmod:poss 8 lamentations lamentation NOUN Number=Plur 6 redoubled obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 redoubled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 redouble past the parents parents's lamentations this story vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent lamentation=Patient 2 lament parents = parent nom lamentation «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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