lamppost Who acts: lamppost, top, We, lampposts, it, Lucy · What happens: be, come on, get, use, hold, meet · To what, where: tall post, street, Lampposts, signs, lamppost, poster · Speech: someone speaks here
«lamppost» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lamppost in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A lamppost is a tall post in a street or park with a light at the top that comes on when it gets dark.
The tree, 24 words det nsubj cop det amod case det nmod cc conj case det nmod case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl compound:prt advmod nsubj advcl xcomp punct root A DET lamppost NOUN is AUX a DET tall ADJ post NOUN in ADP a DET street NOUN or CCONJ park NOUN with ADP a DET light NOUN at ADP the DET top NOUN that PRON comes VERB on ADP when ADV it PRON gets VERB dark ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lamppost det 2 lamppost lamppost NOUN Number=Sing 6 post nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 post cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 post det 5 tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos 6 post amod 6 post post NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 street case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 street det 9 street street NOUN Number=Sing 6 post nmod 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 park cc 11 park park NOUN Number=Sing 9 street conj 12 with with ADP _ 14 light case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 light det 14 light light NOUN Number=Sing 6 post nmod 15 at at ADP _ 17 top case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 top det 17 top top NOUN Number=Sing 14 light nmod 18 that that PRON PronType=Rel 19 comes nsubj 19 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 top acl:relcl 20 on on ADP _ 19 comes compound:prt 21 when when ADV PronType=Int 23 gets advmod 22 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 gets nsubj 23 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 comes advcl 24 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 23 gets xcomp 25 . . PUNCT _ 6 post punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a lamppost a tall post a street or park with a light at the top tree rules 2 come on present the top vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 get present lamppost dark property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Lampposts are also used to hold signs, posters and bins.
nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod mark advcl obj punct conj cc conj punct root Lampposts NOUN are AUX also ADV used VERB to PART hold VERB signs NOUN , PUNCT posters NOUN and CCONJ bins NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lampposts lamppost NOUN Number=Plur 4 used nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 used aux:pass 3 also also ADV _ 4 used advmod 4 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 to to PART _ 6 hold mark 6 hold hold VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 used advcl 7 signs sign NOUN Number=Plur 6 hold obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 posters punct 9 posters poster NOUN Number=Plur 7 signs conj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 bins cc 11 bins bin NOUN Number=Plur 7 signs conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present · passive Lampposts vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 hold to-infinitive signs and posters and bins vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Theme
Example 1 We met under the lamppost at the corner of our street.
nsubj case det obl case det obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root We PRON met VERB under ADP the DET lamppost NOUN at ADP the DET corner NOUN of ADP our PRON street NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 met nsubj 2 met meet VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 under under ADP _ 5 lamppost case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 lamppost det 5 lamppost lamppost NOUN Number=Sing 2 met obl 6 at at ADP _ 8 corner case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 corner det 8 corner corner NOUN Number=Sing 2 met obl 9 of of ADP _ 11 street case 10 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 street nmod:poss 11 street street NOUN Number=Sing 8 corner nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 met punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 meet past We the lamppost at the corner of our street vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 A poster about a lost cat was taped to the lamppost.
det nsubj:pass case det amod nmod aux:pass case det obl punct root A DET poster NOUN about ADP a DET lost VERB cat NOUN was AUX taped VERB to ADP the DET lamppost NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 poster det 2 poster poster NOUN Number=Sing 8 taped nsubj:pass 3 about about ADP _ 6 cat case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 cat det 5 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 cat amod 6 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 2 poster nmod 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 taped aux:pass 8 taped tape VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 to to ADP _ 11 lamppost case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 lamppost det 11 lamppost lamppost NOUN Number=Sing 8 taped obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 taped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose participle vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 tape past · passive a poster about a lost cat to the lamppost vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to lamppost=Co-Patient
Example 3 The lampposts come on when it gets dark.
det nsubj advmod advmod nsubj advcl xcomp punct root The DET lampposts NOUN come VERB on ADV when ADV it PRON gets VERB dark ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 lampposts det 2 lampposts lamppost NOUN Number=Plur 3 come nsubj 3 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADV _ 3 come advmod 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 gets advmod 6 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 gets nsubj 7 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 come advcl 8 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 7 gets xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 come punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come on present the lampposts vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 get present it dark property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 4 In the book, Lucy finds a lamppost glowing in the snowy wood.
case det obl punct nsubj det obj acl case det amod obl punct root In ADP the DET book NOUN , PUNCT Lucy PROPN finds VERB a DET lamppost NOUN glowing VERB in ADP the DET snowy ADJ wood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 book case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 book det 3 book book NOUN Number=Sing 6 finds obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 book punct 5 Lucy Lucy PROPN Number=Sing 6 finds nsubj 6 finds find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 lamppost det 8 lamppost lamppost NOUN Number=Sing 6 finds obj 9 glowing glow VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 lamppost acl 10 in in ADP _ 13 wood case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 wood det 12 snowy snowy ADJ Degree=Pos 13 wood amod 13 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 9 glowing obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 finds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find present Lucy a lamppost the book vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lamppost=Topic 2 glow gerund a lamppost not said here the snowy wood vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wood=Location
Example 5 Dad bumped into a lamppost while looking at his phone.
nsubj case det obl mark advcl case nmod:poss obl punct root Dad NOUN bumped VERB into ADP a DET lamppost NOUN while SCONJ looking VERB at ADP his PRON phone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 bumped nsubj 2 bumped bump VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 into into ADP _ 5 lamppost case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 lamppost det 5 lamppost lamppost NOUN Number=Sing 2 bumped obl 6 while while SCONJ _ 7 looking mark 7 looking look VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 bumped advcl 8 at at ADP _ 10 phone case 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 phone nmod:poss 10 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 7 looking obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 bumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bump past Dad a lamppost vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into lamppost=Location 2 look gerund Dad not said here at Dad's phone vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at phone=Theme
Example 6 The council is replacing old lampposts with bright LED ones.
det nsubj aux amod obj case amod amod nmod punct root The DET council NOUN is AUX replacing VERB old ADJ lampposts NOUN with ADP bright ADJ LED VERB ones NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 council det 2 council council NOUN Number=Sing 4 replacing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 replacing aux 4 replacing replace VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 lampposts amod 6 lampposts lamppost NOUN Number=Plur 4 replacing obj 7 with with ADP _ 10 ones case 8 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 10 ones amod 9 LED lead VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 ones amod 10 ones one NOUN Number=Plur 6 lampposts nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 replacing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 replace present · progressive the council old lampposts with bright LED ones vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme lamppost=Location with one=Co-Theme 2 lead participle vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition
Example 7 There are twelve lampposts along the path, one every 20 metres.
expl nummod nsubj case det nmod punct nummod det nummod conj punct root There PRON are VERB twelve NUM lampposts NOUN along ADP the DET path NOUN , PUNCT one NUM every DET 20 NUM metres NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 are expl 2 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 twelve twelve NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 lampposts nummod 4 lampposts lamppost NOUN Number=Plur 2 are nsubj 5 along along ADP _ 7 path case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 path det 7 path path NOUN Number=Sing 4 lampposts nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 metres punct 9 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 metres nummod 10 every every DET PronType=Tot 12 metres det 11 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 metres nummod 12 metres metre NOUN Number=Plur 4 lampposts conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 are punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 does present twelve lampposts along the path and every one 20 metres there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 "It's much more like the lampposts on the Thames Embankment," said George, who had noticed a curly thing like a tail that went twisting up the North Pole.
The tree, 29 words punct nsubj cop advmod advmod case det nsubj case det compound nmod punct punct nsubj punct nsubj aux acl:relcl det amod obj case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl xcomp compound:prt det compound obj punct root " PUNCT It PRON 's AUX much ADV more ADV like ADP the DET lampposts NOUN on ADP the DET Thames PROPN Embankment NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB George PROPN , PUNCT who PRON had AUX noticed VERB a DET curly ADJ thing NOUN like ADP a DET tail NOUN that PRON went VERB twisting VERB up ADP the DET North PROPN Pole PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 8 lampposts punct 2 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 lampposts nsubj 3 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 lampposts cop 4 much much ADV _ 5 more advmod 5 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 8 lampposts advmod 6 like like ADP _ 8 lampposts case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 lampposts det 8 lampposts lamppost NOUN Number=Plur 15 said nsubj 9 on on ADP _ 12 Embankment case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 Embankment det 11 Thames Thames PROPN Number=Sing 12 Embankment compound 12 Embankment embankment NOUN Number=Sing 8 lampposts nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 8 lampposts punct 14 " " PUNCT _ 8 lampposts punct 15 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 16 George George PROPN Number=Sing 15 said nsubj 17 , , PUNCT _ 20 noticed punct 18 who who PRON PronType=Rel 20 noticed nsubj 19 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 20 noticed aux 20 noticed notice VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 16 George acl:relcl 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 thing det 22 curly curly ADJ Degree=Pos 23 thing amod 23 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 20 noticed obj 24 like like ADP _ 26 tail case 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 26 tail det 26 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 23 thing nmod 27 that that PRON PronType=Rel 28 went nsubj 28 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 23 thing acl:relcl 29 twisting twist VERB VerbForm=Ger 28 went xcomp 30 up up ADP _ 29 twisting compound:prt 31 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 33 Pole det 32 North North PROPN Number=Sing 33 Pole compound 33 Pole Pole PROPN Number=Sing 29 twisting obj 34 . . PUNCT _ 15 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote present It the Thames Embankment like the lampposts tree rules 2 say speech: assert past the lampposts vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 3 notice past · perfect George a curly thing like a tail vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus 4 go past a curly thing vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 twist up gerund a curly thing not said here the North Pole vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme pole=Result
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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