lapdog Who acts: lapdog, small pet dog, person, Pekingese, People, big dog · What happens: be, like, sit, obey, think, sleep · To what, where: small pet dog, laps, person, powerful person, knee, typical lapdog · Speech: someone speaks here
«lapdog» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lapdog in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A lapdog is a small pet dog that likes to sit on people's laps.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det amod compound nsubj acl:relcl mark xcomp case nmod:poss case obl punct root A DET lapdog NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ pet NOUN dog NOUN that PRON likes VERB to PART sit VERB on ADP people NOUN 's PART laps NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lapdog det 2 lapdog lapdog NOUN Number=Sing 7 dog nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 dog cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 dog det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 7 dog amod 6 pet pet NOUN Number=Sing 7 dog compound 7 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 likes nsubj 9 likes like VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 dog acl:relcl 10 to to PART _ 11 sit mark 11 sit sit VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 likes xcomp 12 on on ADP _ 15 laps case 13 people people NOUN Number=Plur 15 laps nmod:poss 14 's 's PART _ 13 people case 15 laps lap NOUN Number=Plur 11 sit obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 7 dog punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a lapdog a small pet dog tree rules 2 like present a small pet dog vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 3 sit not said to happen to-infinitive a small pet dog not said here people's laps vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on lap=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: informal, insult — kept apart, not parsed.
A lapdog is a person who always obeys a more powerful person without thinking.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj cop det nsubj advmod acl:relcl det advmod amod obj mark advcl punct root A DET lapdog NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN who PRON always ADV obeys VERB a DET more ADV powerful ADJ person NOUN without SCONJ thinking VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lapdog det 2 lapdog lapdog NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 obeys nsubj 7 always always ADV PronType=Tot 8 obeys advmod 8 obeys obey VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person acl:relcl 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 person det 10 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 11 powerful advmod 11 powerful powerful ADJ Degree=Pos 12 person amod 12 person person NOUN Number=Sing 8 obeys obj 13 without without SCONJ _ 14 thinking mark 14 thinking think VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 obeys advcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a lapdog a person tree rules 2 obey present a person a powerful person always property vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme 3 think speech: other gerund a person not said here vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Grandma's lapdog sleeps on her knee.
nmod:poss case nsubj case nmod:poss obl punct root Grandma NOUN 's PART lapdog NOUN sleeps VERB on ADP her PRON knee NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 3 lapdog nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Grandma case 3 lapdog lapdog NOUN Number=Sing 4 sleeps nsubj 4 sleeps sleep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 knee case 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 knee nmod:poss 7 knee knee NOUN Number=Sing 4 sleeps obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 sleeps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sleep present Grandma's lapdog lapdog's knee vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 A Pekingese is a typical lapdog.
det nsubj cop det amod punct root A DET Pekingese NOUN is AUX a DET typical ADJ lapdog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 Pekingese det 2 Pekingese pekingese NOUN Number=Sing 6 lapdog nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 lapdog cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 lapdog det 5 typical typical ADJ Degree=Pos 6 lapdog amod 6 lapdog lapdog NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 lapdog punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a Pekingese a typical lapdog tree rules
Example 3 The lapdog yapped at the postman.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET lapdog NOUN yapped VERB at ADP the DET postman NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 lapdog det 2 lapdog lapdog NOUN Number=Sing 3 yapped nsubj 3 yapped yap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 6 postman case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 postman det 6 postman postman NOUN Number=Sing 3 yapped obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 yapped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 yap past the lapdog at the postman vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at postman=Stimulus
Example 4 People called the minister the president's lapdog.
nsubj det obj det nmod:poss case xcomp punct root People NOUN called VERB the DET minister NOUN the DET president NOUN 's PART lapdog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 2 called nsubj 2 called call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 minister det 4 minister minister NOUN Number=Sing 2 called obj 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 president det 6 president president NOUN Number=Sing 8 lapdog nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 president case 8 lapdog lapdog NOUN Number=Sing 2 called xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call past People the minister vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent minister=Recipient
Example 5 My big dog thinks he is a lapdog.
nmod:poss amod nsubj nsubj cop det ccomp punct root My PRON big ADJ dog NOUN thinks VERB he PRON is AUX a DET lapdog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 dog nmod:poss 2 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 3 dog amod 3 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 4 thinks nsubj 4 thinks think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 lapdog nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 lapdog cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 lapdog det 8 lapdog lapdog NOUN Number=Sing 4 thinks ccomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 thinks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other present My big dog vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present dog a lapdog tree rules
Example 6 Lapdogs were popular with rich ladies long ago.
nsubj cop case amod obl advmod advmod punct root Lapdogs NOUN were AUX popular ADJ with ADP rich ADJ ladies NOUN long ADV ago ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lapdogs lapdog NOUN Number=Plur 3 popular nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 popular cop 3 popular popular ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 with with ADP _ 6 ladies case 5 rich rich ADJ Degree=Pos 6 ladies amod 6 ladies lady NOUN Number=Plur 3 popular obl 7 long long ADV Degree=Pos 8 ago advmod 8 ago ago ADV _ 3 popular advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 popular punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Lapdogs with rich ladies; ago, popular property tree rules
Example 7 He touched the dog too, and it became a little silky lapdog that could nestle in your palm.
The tree, 18 words nsubj det obj advmod punct cc nsubj conj det amod amod xcomp nsubj aux acl:relcl case nmod:poss obl punct root He PRON touched VERB the DET dog NOUN too ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ it PRON became VERB a DET little ADJ silky ADJ lapdog NOUN that PRON could AUX nestle VERB in ADP your PRON palm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 touched nsubj 2 touched touch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 dog det 4 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 2 touched obj 5 too too ADV _ 2 touched advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 became punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 became cc 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 became nsubj 9 became become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 touched conj 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 lapdog det 11 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 13 lapdog amod 12 silky silky ADJ Degree=Pos 13 lapdog amod 13 lapdog lapdog NOUN Number=Sing 9 became xcomp 14 that that PRON PronType=Rel 16 nestle nsubj 15 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 16 nestle aux 16 nestle nestle VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 lapdog acl:relcl 17 in in ADP _ 19 palm case 18 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 19 palm nmod:poss 19 palm palm NOUN Number=Sing 16 nestle obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 2 touched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 touch past He the dog vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme dog=Co-Theme 2 become past dog a little silky lapdog vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient 3 nestle could a little silky lapdog your palm vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in palm=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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