likewise Who acts: I, you, Jen, brother, Tom, Sue · What happens: mean, watch, do, add, feel, fold · To what, where: same way, me, similar point, same, paper, you · Speech: someone speaks here
«likewise» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: likewise in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Likewise means in the same way: «Watch me and do likewise.».
The tree, 11 words advmod case det amod obl punct punct parataxis obj cc conj advmod punct punct punct root Likewise ADV means VERB in ADP the DET same ADJ way NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Watch VERB me PRON and CCONJ do VERB likewise ADV . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Likewise likewise ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 6 way case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 way det 5 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 6 way amod 6 way way NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 9 Watch punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 9 Watch punct 9 Watch watch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 means parataxis 10 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 Watch obj 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 do cc 12 do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 9 Watch conj 13 likewise likewise ADV _ 12 do advmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 12 do punct 15 » » PUNCT _ 12 do punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the same way likewise property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 watch in a quote infinitive me vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme 3 do in a quote infinitive likewise property vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Likewise means also or as well, when adding a similar point.
advmod advmod cc conj fixed punct advmod conj det amod obj punct root Likewise ADV means VERB also ADV or CCONJ as ADV well ADV , PUNCT when ADV adding VERB a DET similar ADJ point NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Likewise likewise ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 also also ADV _ 2 means advmod 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 as cc 5 as as ADV _ 3 also conj 6 well well ADV Degree=Pos 5 as fixed 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 adding punct 8 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 adding advmod 9 adding add VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 means conj 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 point det 11 similar similar ADJ Degree=Pos 12 point amod 12 point point NOUN Number=Sing 9 adding obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present likewise property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 add speech: assert gerund a similar point vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent point=Patient
Meaning 3 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
«Likewise» as a reply means «the same to you» or «I feel the same».
The tree, 14 words punct nsubj punct case det obl punct det obj case obl punct cc punct nsubj conj det obj punct punct root « PUNCT Likewise ADV » PUNCT as ADP a DET reply NOUN means VERB « PUNCT the DET same ADJ to ADP you PRON » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT I PRON feel VERB the DET same ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Likewise punct 2 Likewise likewise ADV _ 7 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Likewise punct 4 as as ADP _ 6 reply case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 reply det 6 reply reply NOUN Number=Sing 7 means obl 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 « « PUNCT _ 10 same punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 same det 10 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 7 means obj 11 to to ADP _ 12 you case 12 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 same obl 13 » » PUNCT _ 10 same punct 14 or or CCONJ _ 17 feel cc 15 « « PUNCT _ 17 feel punct 16 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 17 feel nsubj 17 feel feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 means conj 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 same det 19 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 17 feel obj 20 » » PUNCT _ 17 feel punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the same as a reply vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent same=Topic as reply=Attribute 2 feel in a quote present I the same vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent same=Theme
Example 1 Watch how I fold the paper, then do likewise.
advmod nsubj ccomp det obj punct advmod conj advmod punct root Watch VERB how ADV I PRON fold VERB the DET paper NOUN , PUNCT then ADV do VERB likewise ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Watch watch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 how how ADV PronType=Int 4 fold advmod 3 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 fold nsubj 4 fold fold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Watch ccomp 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 paper det 6 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 4 fold obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 do punct 8 then then ADV PronType=Dem 9 do advmod 9 do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Watch conj 10 likewise likewise ADV _ 9 do advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Watch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 watch imperative you not said here tree rules 2 fold present I the paper vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent paper=Patient 3 do infinitive you not said here then likewise property vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 «Nice to meet you.» — «Likewise.»
punct mark xcomp obj punct punct punct punct conj punct punct root « PUNCT Nice ADJ to PART meet VERB you PRON . PUNCT » PUNCT — PUNCT « PUNCT Likewise ADV . PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Nice punct 2 Nice nice ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 to to PART _ 4 meet mark 4 meet meet VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 Nice xcomp 5 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 meet obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 Nice punct 7 » » PUNCT _ 2 Nice punct 8 — - PUNCT _ 2 Nice punct 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 Likewise punct 10 Likewise likewise ADV _ 2 Nice conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 Nice punct 12 » » PUNCT _ 2 Nice punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 meet in a quote to-infinitive you vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Co-Agent
Example 3 Jen wore a hat, and her brother did likewise.
nsubj det obj punct cc nmod:poss nsubj conj advmod punct root Jen PROPN wore VERB a DET hat NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ her PRON brother NOUN did VERB likewise ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Jen Jen PROPN Number=Sing 2 wore nsubj 2 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 hat det 4 hat hat NOUN Number=Sing 2 wore obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 did punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 9 did cc 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 brother nmod:poss 8 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 9 did nsubj 9 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 wore conj 10 likewise likewise ADV _ 9 did advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past Jen a hat vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hat=Theme 2 do past Jen's brother likewise property vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Tom left early; likewise, Sue went home.
nsubj advmod punct advmod punct nsubj conj advmod punct root Tom PROPN left VERB early ADV ; PUNCT likewise ADV , PUNCT Sue PROPN went VERB home ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 2 left nsubj 2 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 early early ADV Degree=Pos 2 left advmod 4 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 went punct 5 likewise likewise ADV _ 8 went advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 likewise punct 7 Sue Sue PROPN Number=Sing 8 went nsubj 8 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 left conj 9 home home ADV _ 8 went advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past Tom early property vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 go past Sue home, likewise property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 The first sum is easy; likewise the second.
det amod nsubj cop punct advmod det conj punct root The DET first ADJ sum NOUN is AUX easy ADJ ; PUNCT likewise ADV the DET second ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 sum det 2 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 sum amod 3 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 5 easy nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 easy cop 5 easy easy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 second punct 7 likewise likewise ADV _ 9 second advmod 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 second det 9 second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 5 easy conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 easy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the first sum easy property tree rules 2 be the first sum not said here likewise property tree rules
Example 6 Cats need water; likewise, dogs do.
nsubj obj punct advmod punct nsubj parataxis punct root Cats NOUN need VERB water NOUN ; PUNCT likewise ADV , PUNCT dogs NOUN do VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 2 need nsubj 2 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 need obj 4 ; ; PUNCT _ 2 need punct 5 likewise likewise ADV _ 2 need advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 do punct 7 dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 8 do nsubj 8 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 need parataxis 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present Cats water likewise property vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot water=Theme 2 do present dogs vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 A man attempts to do likewise, but fails.
det nsubj mark xcomp advmod punct cc conj punct root A DET man NOUN attempts VERB to PART do VERB likewise ADV , PUNCT but CCONJ fails VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 man det 2 man man NOUN Number=Sing 3 attempts nsubj 3 attempts attempt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 do mark 5 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 attempts xcomp 6 likewise likewise ADV _ 5 do advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 fails punct 8 but but CCONJ _ 9 fails cc 9 fails fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 attempts conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 attempts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 attempt present a man vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 do not said to happen to-infinitive a man not said here likewise property vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 fail present a man not said here vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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