litmus Who acts: Litmus, lichens, litmus test, test, someone, something · What happens: be, make, turn, use, test, show · To what, where: dye, lichens, alkali, liquids, test, figurative simple test · Speech: someone speaks here
«litmus» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: litmus in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
Litmus is a dye made from lichens that turns red in acid and blue in alkali, used to test liquids.
The tree, 20 words nsubj cop det acl case obl nsubj acl:relcl xcomp case obl cc conj case obl punct acl mark advcl obj punct root Litmus NOUN is AUX a DET dye NOUN made VERB from ADP lichens NOUN that PRON turns VERB red ADJ in ADP acid NOUN and CCONJ blue ADJ in ADP alkali NOUN , PUNCT used VERB to PART test VERB liquids NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Litmus litmus NOUN Number=Sing 4 dye nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 dye cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 dye det 4 dye dye NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 dye acl 6 from from ADP _ 7 lichens case 7 lichens lichen NOUN Number=Plur 5 made obl 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 turns nsubj 9 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 lichens acl:relcl 10 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 9 turns xcomp 11 in in ADP _ 12 acid case 12 acid acid NOUN Number=Sing 10 red obl 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 blue cc 14 blue blue ADJ Degree=Pos 10 red conj 15 in in ADP _ 16 alkali case 16 alkali alkali NOUN Number=Sing 9 turns obl 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 used punct 18 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 16 alkali acl 19 to to PART _ 20 test mark 20 test test VERB VerbForm=Inf 18 used advcl 21 liquids liquid NOUN Number=Plur 20 test obj 22 . . PUNCT _ 4 dye punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Litmus a dye tree rules 2 make participle a dye not said here lichens vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from lichen=Material 3 turn present lichens alkali red property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in alkali=Trajectory 4 use participle alkali not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 test to-infinitive liquids vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent liquid=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A litmus test is a test with litmus paper; (figurative) it is also a simple test that clearly shows what someone thinks or what something is really like.
The tree, 28 words det compound nsubj cop det case compound nmod punct punct amod punct nsubj cop advmod det amod parataxis obj advmod acl:relcl obj nsubj ccomp cc ccomp nsubj cop advmod acl:relcl punct root A DET litmus NOUN test NOUN is AUX a DET test NOUN with ADP litmus NOUN paper NOUN ; PUNCT ( PUNCT figurative ADJ ) PUNCT it PRON is AUX also ADV a DET simple ADJ test NOUN that PRON clearly ADV shows VERB what PRON someone PRON thinks VERB or CCONJ what PRON something PRON is AUX really ADV like ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 test det 2 litmus litmus NOUN Number=Sing 3 test compound 3 test test NOUN Number=Sing 6 test nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 test cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 test det 6 test test NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 with with ADP _ 9 paper case 8 litmus litmus NOUN Number=Sing 9 paper compound 9 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 6 test nmod 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 19 test punct 11 ( ( PUNCT _ 12 figurative punct 12 figurative figurative ADJ Degree=Pos 19 test amod 13 ) ) PUNCT _ 12 figurative punct 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 test nsubj 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 test cop 16 also also ADV _ 19 test advmod 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 test det 18 simple simple ADJ Degree=Pos 19 test amod 19 test test NOUN Number=Sing 6 test parataxis 20 that that PRON PronType=Rel 22 shows obj 21 clearly clearly ADV _ 22 shows advmod 22 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 test acl:relcl 23 what what PRON PronType=Int 25 thinks obj 24 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 25 thinks nsubj 25 thinks think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 22 shows ccomp 26 or or CCONJ _ 27 what cc 27 what what PRON PronType=Int 25 thinks ccomp 28 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 31 like nsubj 29 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 31 like cop 30 really really ADV _ 31 like advmod 31 like like ADJ Degree=Pos 27 what acl:relcl 32 . . PUNCT _ 6 test punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a litmus test a test with litmus paper tree rules 2 is a present test a figurative simple test tree rules 3 show present a figurative simple test clearly property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent that=Recipient clause=Topic 4 think speech: other present someone vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme 5 is present something like property tree rules
Example 1 Lemon juice turned the blue litmus paper red.
compound nsubj det amod compound compound obj punct root Lemon NOUN juice NOUN turned VERB the DET blue ADJ litmus NOUN paper NOUN red NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lemon lemon NOUN Number=Sing 2 juice compound 2 juice juice NOUN Number=Sing 3 turned nsubj 3 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 red det 5 blue blue ADJ Degree=Pos 7 paper amod 6 litmus litmus NOUN Number=Sing 7 paper compound 7 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 8 red compound 8 red red NOUN Number=Sing 3 turned obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn past Lemon juice the paper red vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent red=Theme
Example 2 Soap turned the red litmus paper blue.
nsubj det amod compound obj amod punct root Soap NOUN turned VERB the DET red ADJ litmus NOUN paper NOUN blue ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Soap soap NOUN Number=Sing 2 turned nsubj 2 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 paper det 4 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 6 paper amod 5 litmus litmus NOUN Number=Sing 6 paper compound 6 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 2 turned obj 7 blue blue ADJ Degree=Pos 6 paper amod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn past Soap the red litmus paper vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent paper=Theme
Example 3 Use litmus to find out if the liquid is an acid.
obj mark advcl compound:prt mark det nsubj cop det xcomp punct root Use VERB litmus NOUN to PART find VERB out ADP if SCONJ the DET liquid NOUN is AUX an DET acid NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 litmus litmus NOUN Number=Sing 1 Use obj 3 to to PART _ 4 find mark 4 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Use advcl 5 out out ADP _ 4 find compound:prt 6 if if SCONJ _ 11 acid mark 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 liquid det 8 liquid liquid NOUN Number=Sing 11 acid nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 acid cop 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 acid det 11 acid acid NOUN Number=Sing 4 find xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here litmus vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litmus=Patient 2 find out to-infinitive you not said here vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent 3 is a a condition, not said to happen present the liquid a acid tree rules
Example 4 Water does not change the colour of litmus.
nsubj aux advmod det obj case nmod punct root Water NOUN does AUX not PART change VERB the DET colour NOUN of ADP litmus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 change nsubj 2 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 change aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 change advmod 4 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 colour det 6 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 4 change obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 litmus case 8 litmus litmus NOUN Number=Sing 6 colour nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not change present · do-support Water the colour of litmus vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient
Example 5 The vote was a litmus test for the new leader.
det nsubj cop det compound case det amod nmod punct root The DET vote NOUN was AUX a DET litmus NOUN test NOUN for ADP the DET new ADJ leader NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 vote det 2 vote vote NOUN Number=Sing 6 test nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 test cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 test det 5 litmus litmus NOUN Number=Sing 6 test compound 6 test test NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 for for ADP _ 10 leader case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 leader det 9 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 10 leader amod 10 leader leader NOUN Number=Sing 6 test nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 test punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the vote a litmus test for the new leader tree rules
Example 6 How people treat waiters is a litmus test of their kindness.
advmod nsubj advcl obj cop det compound case nmod:poss nmod punct root How ADV people NOUN treat VERB waiters NOUN is AUX a DET litmus NOUN test NOUN of ADP their PRON kindness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 3 treat advmod 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 treat nsubj 3 treat treat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 test advcl 4 waiters waiter NOUN Number=Plur 3 treat obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 test cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 test det 7 litmus litmus NOUN Number=Sing 8 test compound 8 test test NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 11 kindness case 10 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 kindness nmod:poss 11 kindness kindness NOUN Number=Sing 8 test nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 test punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 treat present people waiters vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent waiter=Recipient 2 is a present a litmus test of people's kindness tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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