lump Who acts: lump, you, lump things, She, He, lumps · What happens: be, hit, want, cry, put, weigh · To what, where: small solid piece, swelling, body, head, tight feeling, one group
«lump» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lump in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A lump is a small solid piece of something with no clear shape, like a lump of sugar, clay or coal.
The tree, 21 words det nsubj cop det amod amod case nmod case det amod nmod punct case det appos case nmod punct conj cc conj punct root A DET lump NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ solid ADJ piece NOUN of ADP something PRON with ADP no DET clear ADJ shape NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET lump NOUN of ADP sugar NOUN , PUNCT clay NOUN or CCONJ coal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lump det 2 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 7 piece nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 piece cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 piece det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 7 piece amod 6 solid solid ADJ Degree=Pos 7 piece amod 7 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 something case 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 piece nmod 10 with with ADP _ 13 shape case 11 no no DET PronType=Neg 13 shape det 12 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 13 shape amod 13 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing 9 something nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 lump punct 15 like like ADP _ 17 lump case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 lump det 17 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 13 shape appos 18 of of ADP _ 19 sugar case 19 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 17 lump nmod 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 clay punct 21 clay clay NOUN Number=Sing 9 something conj 22 or or CCONJ _ 23 coal cc 23 coal coal NOUN Number=Sing 21 clay conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 7 piece punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a lump a small solid piece of something tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A lump is a swelling on the body, like a bump after you hit your head.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det case det nmod punct case det conj mark nsubj advcl nmod:poss obj punct root A DET lump NOUN is AUX a DET swelling NOUN on ADP the DET body NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET bump NOUN after SCONJ you PRON hit VERB your PRON head NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lump det 2 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 5 swelling nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 swelling cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 swelling det 5 swelling swelling NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 on on ADP _ 8 body case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 body det 8 body body NOUN Number=Sing 5 swelling nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 bump punct 10 like like ADP _ 12 bump case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 bump det 12 bump bump NOUN Number=Sing 5 swelling conj 13 after after SCONJ _ 15 hit mark 14 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 15 hit nsubj 15 hit hit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 bump advcl 16 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 head nmod:poss 17 head head NOUN Number=Sing 15 hit obj 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 swelling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a lump a swelling and a bump the body tree rules 2 hit present you your head vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme head=Co-Theme
Meaning 3 A lump in your throat is a tight feeling when you want to cry.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj case nmod:poss nmod cop det amod advmod nsubj advcl mark xcomp punct root A DET lump NOUN in ADP your PRON throat NOUN is AUX a DET tight ADJ feeling NOUN when ADV you PRON want VERB to PART cry VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lump det 2 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 9 feeling nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 5 throat case 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 throat nmod:poss 5 throat throat NOUN Number=Sing 2 lump nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 feeling cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 feeling det 8 tight tight ADJ Degree=Pos 9 feeling amod 9 feeling feeling NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 when when ADV PronType=Int 12 want advmod 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 want nsubj 12 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 feeling advcl 13 to to PART _ 14 cry mark 14 cry cry VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 want xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 9 feeling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a lump in your throat a tight feeling tree rules 2 want present you vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 3 cry speech: express not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 To lump things together is to put them in one group.
mark compound nsubj advmod cop mark obj case nummod obl punct root To PART lump NOUN things NOUN together ADV is AUX to PART put VERB them PRON in ADP one NUM group NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 things mark 2 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 3 things compound 3 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 7 put nsubj 4 together together ADV _ 3 things advmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 put cop 6 to to PART _ 7 put mark 7 put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 put obj 9 in in ADP _ 11 group case 10 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 group nummod 11 group group NOUN Number=Sing 7 put obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present lump things one group put property tree rules
Example 1 She puts 2 lumps of sugar in each cup.
nsubj nummod obj case nmod case det obl punct root She PRON puts VERB 2 NUM lumps NOUN of ADP sugar NOUN in ADP each DET cup NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 puts nsubj 2 puts put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 lumps nummod 4 lumps lump NOUN Number=Plur 2 puts obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 sugar case 6 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 4 lumps nmod 7 in in ADP _ 9 cup case 8 each each DET PronType=Tot 9 cup det 9 cup cup NOUN Number=Sing 2 puts obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 puts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put present She 2 lumps of sugar each cup vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent lump=Theme in cup=Destination
Example 2 How many lumps for 5 cups?
advmod amod case nummod nmod punct root How ADV many ADJ lumps NOUN for ADP 5 NUM cups NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 lumps amod 3 lumps lump NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 for for ADP _ 6 cups case 5 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 cups nummod 6 cups cup NOUN Number=Plur 3 lumps nmod 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 lumps punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3 A lump of clay weighs 300 grams.
det nsubj case nmod nummod obj punct root A DET lump NOUN of ADP clay NOUN weighs VERB 300 NUM grams NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lump det 2 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 5 weighs nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 clay case 4 clay clay NOUN Number=Sing 2 lump nmod 5 weighs weigh VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 300 300 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 grams nummod 7 grams gram NOUN Number=Plur 5 weighs obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 weighs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weigh present a lump of clay 300 grams vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme gram=Value
Example 4 He split the lump into 4 equal parts.
nsubj det obj case nummod amod obl punct root He PRON split VERB the DET lump NOUN into ADP 4 NUM equal ADJ parts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 split nsubj 2 split split VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 lump det 4 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 2 split obj 5 into into ADP _ 8 parts case 6 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 parts nummod 7 equal equal ADJ Degree=Pos 8 parts amod 8 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 2 split obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 split punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 split past He the lump into 4 equal parts result vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent lump=Patient into part=Result
Example 5 Stir the sauce so there are no lumps.
det obj advmod expl advcl det nsubj punct root Stir VERB the DET sauce NOUN so ADV there PRON are VERB no DET lumps NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stir stir VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 sauce det 3 sauce sauce NOUN Number=Sing 1 Stir obj 4 so so ADV _ 6 are advmod 5 there there PRON PronType=Dem 6 are expl 6 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Stir advcl 7 no no DET PronType=Neg 8 lumps det 8 lumps lump NOUN Number=Plur 6 are nsubj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stir punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stir imperative you not said here the sauce vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus sauce=Experiencer 2 does present no lumps there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 He got a lump on his head when he fell.
nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl advmod nsubj advcl punct root He PRON got VERB a DET lump NOUN on ADP his PRON head NOUN when ADV he PRON fell VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 got nsubj 2 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 lump det 4 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 head case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 head nmod:poss 7 head head NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obl 8 when when ADV PronType=Int 10 fell advmod 9 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 fell nsubj 10 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 got advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past He a lump his head vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent lump=Theme on head=Source 2 fall past he vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 I had a lump in my throat at the end of the film.
nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl case det obl case det nmod punct root I PRON had VERB a DET lump NOUN in ADP my PRON throat NOUN at ADP the DET end NOUN of ADP the DET film NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 lump det 4 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 throat case 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 throat nmod:poss 7 throat throat NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 8 at at ADP _ 10 end case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 end det 10 end end NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 11 of of ADP _ 13 film case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 film det 13 film film NOUN Number=Sing 10 end nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past I a lump my throat at the end of the film vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lump=Patient
Example 8 The potter shaped a lump of clay into a bowl.
det nsubj det obj case nmod case det obl punct root The DET potter NOUN shaped VERB a DET lump NOUN of ADP clay NOUN into ADP a DET bowl NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 potter det 2 potter potter NOUN Number=Sing 3 shaped nsubj 3 shaped shape VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 lump det 5 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 3 shaped obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 clay case 7 clay clay NOUN Number=Sing 5 lump nmod 8 into into ADP _ 10 bowl case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 bowl det 10 bowl bowl NOUN Number=Sing 3 shaped obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 shaped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shape past the potter a lump of clay a bowl vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent lump=Material into bowl=Product
Example 9 Don't lump all dogs together; each one is different.
advmod obl det obj advmod punct det nsubj cop parataxis punct root Do VERB n't PART lump NOUN all DET dogs NOUN together ADV ; PUNCT each DET one NOUN is AUX different ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 lump advmod 3 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 1 Do obl 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 5 dogs det 5 dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 1 Do obj 6 together together ADV _ 1 Do advmod 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 different punct 8 each each DET PronType=Tot 9 one det 9 one one NOUN Number=Sing 11 different nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 different cop 11 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Do parataxis 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do imperative you not said here lump together property vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Eventuality 2 is present each one different property tree rules
Example 10 I want another lump of sugar, then I’ll drink it.”
nsubj det obj case nmod punct advmod nsubj aux conj obj punct punct root I PRON want VERB another DET lump NOUN of ADP sugar NOUN , PUNCT then ADV I PRON ’ll AUX drink VERB it PRON . PUNCT ” PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 want nsubj 2 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 another another DET PronType=Ind 4 lump det 4 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 2 want obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 sugar case 6 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 4 lump nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 drink punct 8 then then ADV PronType=Dem 11 drink advmod 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 drink nsubj 10 ’ll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 drink aux 11 drink drink VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 want conj 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 drink obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 want punct 14 ” " PUNCT _ 2 want punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present I another lump of sugar vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot lump=Theme 2 drink future I lump then vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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