mail Who acts: Mail, system, She, mail carrier, stamp, I · What happens: be, send, carry, mail, make, wear · To what, where: letters, system, them, Mail, something, armour
«mail» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: mail in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Mail is the letters and parcels sent by post.
nsubj cop det cc conj acl case obl punct root Mail NOUN is AUX the DET letters NOUN and CCONJ parcels NOUN sent VERB by ADP post NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 4 letters nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 letters cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 letters det 4 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 parcels cc 6 parcels parcel NOUN Number=Plur 4 letters conj 7 sent send VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 letters acl 8 by by ADP _ 9 post case 9 post post NOUN Number=Sing 7 sent obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 letters punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Mail the letters and parcels tree rules 2 send participle the letters and parcels not said here by post vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Mail is the system that carries them: send it by mail.
nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl obj punct parataxis obj case obl punct root Mail NOUN is AUX the DET system NOUN that PRON carries VERB them PRON : PUNCT send VERB it PRON by ADP mail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 4 system nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 system cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 system det 4 system system NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 carries nsubj 6 carries carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 system acl:relcl 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 carries obj 8 : : PUNCT _ 9 send punct 9 send send VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 system parataxis 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 send obj 11 by by ADP _ 12 mail case 12 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 9 send obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 system punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Mail the system tree rules 2 carry present the system them = they vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme 3 send infinitive Mail by mail vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Meaning 3 To mail something is to send it by post.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj case obl punct root To PART mail VERB something PRON is AUX to PART send VERB it PRON by ADP post NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 mail mark 2 mail mail VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 send advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 mail obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 send cop 5 to to PART _ 6 send mark 6 send send VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 send obj 8 by by ADP _ 9 post case 9 post post NOUN Number=Sing 6 send obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 send punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mail to-infinitive something vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 2 is present by post; send property tree rules
Meaning 4 Mail is short for email.
nsubj cop case obl punct root Mail NOUN is AUX short ADJ for ADP email NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 3 short nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 short cop 3 short short ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 for for ADP _ 5 email case 5 email email NOUN Number=Sing 3 short obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 short punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Mail for email; short property tree rules
Meaning 5 Mail (or chain mail) is armour made of small metal rings, worn by knights.
The tree, 14 words nsubj punct cc compound appos punct cop acl case amod compound obl punct acl case obl punct root Mail NOUN ( PUNCT or CCONJ chain NOUN mail NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX armour NOUN made VERB of ADP small ADJ metal NOUN rings NOUN , PUNCT worn VERB by ADP knights NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 8 armour nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 mail punct 3 or or CCONJ _ 5 mail cc 4 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 5 mail compound 5 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 1 Mail appos 6 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 mail punct 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 armour cop 8 armour armour NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 armour acl 10 of of ADP _ 13 rings case 11 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 13 rings amod 12 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 13 rings compound 13 rings ring NOUN Number=Plur 9 made obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 worn punct 15 worn wear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 rings acl 16 by by ADP _ 17 knights case 17 knights knight NOUN Number=Plur 15 worn obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 8 armour punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Mail armour tree rules 2 make participle armour not said here of small metal rings vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 wear participle small metal rings not said here by knights vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent
Example 1 She mailed 12 cards.
nsubj nummod obj punct root She PRON mailed VERB 12 NUM cards NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 mailed nsubj 2 mailed mail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 cards nummod 4 cards card NOUN Number=Plur 2 mailed obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 mailed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mail past She 12 cards vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Theme
Example 2 The mail carrier delivers 300 letters a day.
det compound nsubj nummod obj det obl:unmarked punct root The DET mail NOUN carrier NOUN delivers VERB 300 NUM letters NOUN a DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 carrier det 2 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 3 carrier compound 3 carrier carrier NOUN Number=Sing 4 delivers nsubj 4 delivers deliver VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 300 300 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 letters nummod 6 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 4 delivers obj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 day det 8 day day NOUN Number=Sing 4 delivers obl:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 delivers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 deliver present the mail carrier 300 letters day vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient
Example 3 Each stamp for the mail costs 1 dollar.
det nsubj case det nmod nummod obj punct root Each DET stamp NOUN for ADP the DET mail NOUN costs VERB 1 NUM dollar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 stamp det 2 stamp stamp NOUN Number=Sing 6 costs nsubj 3 for for ADP _ 5 mail case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 mail det 5 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 2 stamp nmod 6 costs cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 1 1 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 dollar nummod 8 dollar dollar NOUN Number=Sing 6 costs obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 costs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present each stamp for the mail 1 dollar vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value
Example 4 How many letters in a week?
advmod amod case det nmod punct root How ADV many ADJ letters NOUN in ADP a DET week NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 letters amod 3 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 week case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 week det 6 week week NOUN Number=Sing 3 letters nmod 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 letters punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5 Is there any mail for me today?
expl det nsubj case nmod obl:unmarked punct root Is VERB there PRON any DET mail NOUN for ADP me PRON today NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 2 there there PRON PronType=Dem 1 Is expl 3 any any DET PronType=Ind 4 mail det 4 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 1 Is nsubj 5 for for ADP _ 6 me case 6 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 mail nmod 7 today today NOUN Number=Sing 4 mail obl:unmarked 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 Is punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be present any mail for me there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 I mailed a postcard from the beach.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root I PRON mailed VERB a DET postcard NOUN from ADP the DET beach NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 mailed nsubj 2 mailed mail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 postcard det 4 postcard postcard NOUN Number=Sing 2 mailed obj 5 from from ADP _ 7 beach case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 beach det 7 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 2 mailed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 mailed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mail past I a postcard the beach vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent postcard=Theme from beach=Initial_Location
Example 7 Lots of the mail was junk mail.
nsubj case det nmod cop compound punct root Lots NOUN of ADP the DET mail NOUN was AUX junk NOUN mail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 7 mail nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 4 mail case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 mail det 4 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 1 Lots nmod 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 mail cop 6 junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 7 mail compound 7 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 mail punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Lots of the mail junk mail tree rules
Example 8 Check your mail for the class newsletter.
nmod:poss obj case det compound obl punct root Check VERB your PRON mail NOUN for ADP the DET class NOUN newsletter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Check check VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 mail nmod:poss 3 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 1 Check obj 4 for for ADP _ 7 newsletter case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 newsletter det 6 class class NOUN Number=Sing 7 newsletter compound 7 newsletter newsletter NOUN Number=Sing 1 Check obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Check punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 check imperative you not said here your mail for the class newsletter vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent mail=Theme for newsletter=Attribute 2 mail your nom mail «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 9 The knight wore a shirt of chain mail.
det nsubj det obj case compound nmod punct root The DET knight NOUN wore VERB a DET shirt NOUN of ADP chain NOUN mail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 knight det 2 knight knight NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore nsubj 3 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 shirt det 5 shirt shirt NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 mail case 7 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 8 mail compound 8 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 5 shirt nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past the knight a shirt of chain mail vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent shirt=Theme
Example 10 "Tan-ta-ra-ra, tan-ta-ra-ra," sounded the horn, and the mail-coach came lumbering up.
The tree, 18 words punct nsubj punct compound punct compound punct nsubj punct compound punct appos punct compound punct conj punct punct det obj punct cc det compound punct nsubj conj advcl compound:prt punct root " PUNCT Tan PROPN - PUNCT ta NOUN - PUNCT ra NOUN - PUNCT ra NOUN , PUNCT tan NOUN - PUNCT ta NOUN - PUNCT ra NOUN - PUNCT ra NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT sounded VERB the DET horn NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET mail NOUN - PUNCT coach NOUN came VERB lumbering VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 8 ra punct 2 Tan Tan PROPN Number=Sing 8 ra nsubj 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 Tan punct 4 ta ta NOUN Number=Sing 8 ra compound 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 ta punct 6 ra ra NOUN Number=Sing 8 ra compound 7 - - PUNCT _ 8 ra punct 8 ra ra NOUN Number=Sing 19 sounded nsubj 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 ta punct 10 tan tan NOUN Number=Sing 12 ta compound 11 - - PUNCT _ 10 tan punct 12 ta ta NOUN Number=Sing 8 ra appos 13 - - PUNCT _ 12 ta punct 14 ra ra NOUN Number=Sing 16 ra compound 15 - - PUNCT _ 14 ra punct 16 ra ra NOUN Number=Sing 8 ra conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 8 ra punct 18 " " PUNCT _ 8 ra punct 19 sounded sound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 horn det 21 horn horn NOUN Number=Sing 19 sounded obj 22 , , PUNCT _ 28 came punct 23 and and CCONJ _ 28 came cc 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 27 coach det 25 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 27 coach compound 26 - - PUNCT _ 25 mail punct 27 coach coach NOUN Number=Sing 28 came nsubj 28 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 19 sounded conj 29 lumbering lumber VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 28 came advcl 30 up up ADP _ 29 lumbering compound:prt 31 . . PUNCT _ 19 sounded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ra in a quote Tan tree rules 2 sound past ta ra ra and ra ra the horn vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location horn=Theme 3 come past the mail coach vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 lumber up gerund the mail coach not said here vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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