maintained Who acts: something, She, He, council, runner, car · What happens: keep, check, repair, maintain, say, be · To what, where: good condition, maintained car, condition, same level, speed, park · Speech: someone speaks here
«maintained» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: maintained in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Kept in good condition by checking and repairing it: a well-maintained car.
The tree, 13 words case amod obl mark advcl cc conj obj punct det advmod punct amod obj punct root Kept VERB in ADP good ADJ condition NOUN by SCONJ checking VERB and CCONJ repairing VERB it PRON : PUNCT a DET well ADV - PUNCT maintained VERB car NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 in in ADP _ 4 condition case 3 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 4 condition amod 4 condition condition NOUN Number=Sing 1 Kept obl 5 by by SCONJ _ 6 checking mark 6 checking check VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Kept advcl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 repairing cc 8 repairing repair VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 checking conj 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 repairing obj 10 : : PUNCT _ 6 checking punct 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 car det 12 well well ADV Degree=Pos 14 maintained advmod 13 - - PUNCT _ 12 well punct 14 maintained maintain VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 15 car amod 15 car car NOUN Number=Sing 6 checking obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 1 Kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep participle good condition vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in condition=Location 2 check gerund a maintained car vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Theme 3 repair gerund condition vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient 4 maintain participle well property vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Kept at the same level or speed.
case det amod obl cc conj punct root Kept VERB at ADP the DET same ADJ level NOUN or CCONJ speed NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 at at ADP _ 5 level case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 level det 4 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 5 level amod 5 level level NOUN Number=Sing 1 Kept obl 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 speed cc 7 speed speed NOUN Number=Sing 5 level conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep participle the same level or speed vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent at level=Location
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
She maintained a speed of 10 km an hour.
nsubj det obj case nummod nmod det nmod:unmarked punct root She PRON maintained VERB a DET speed NOUN of ADP 10 NUM km NOUN an DET hour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 maintained nsubj 2 maintained maintain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 speed det 4 speed speed NOUN Number=Sing 2 maintained obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 km case 6 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 km nummod 7 km km NOUN Number=Sing 4 speed nmod 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 hour det 9 hour hour NOUN Number=Sing 7 km nmod:unmarked 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 maintained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 maintain past She a speed of 10 km a hour vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent speed=Theme
Meaning 3 Kept saying that something is true.
xcomp mark nsubj cop ccomp punct root Kept VERB saying VERB that SCONJ something PRON is AUX true ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 saying say VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Kept xcomp 3 that that SCONJ _ 6 true mark 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 true nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 true cop 6 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 2 saying ccomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep participle tree rules 2 say speech: assert gerund vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 3 is present something true property tree rules
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
He maintained that he was innocent.
nsubj mark nsubj cop ccomp punct root He PRON maintained VERB that SCONJ he PRON was AUX innocent ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 maintained nsubj 2 maintained maintain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 that that SCONJ _ 6 innocent mark 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 innocent nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 innocent cop 6 innocent innocent ADJ Degree=Pos 2 maintained ccomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 maintained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 maintain past He vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent 2 is past he innocent property tree rules
Meaning 4 Paid for and looked after.
compound:prt cc conj advmod punct root Paid VERB for ADP and CCONJ looked VERB after ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Paid pay VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 for for ADP _ 1 Paid compound:prt 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 looked cc 4 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 1 Paid conj 5 after after ADV _ 4 looked advmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Paid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pay for participle vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 look past after property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
The park is maintained by the council.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root The DET park NOUN is AUX maintained VERB by ADP the DET council NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 park det 2 park park NOUN Number=Sing 4 maintained nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 maintained aux:pass 4 maintained maintain VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 7 council case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 council det 7 council council NOUN Number=Sing 4 maintained obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 maintained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 maintain present · passive the council the park vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
Example 1 The runner maintained a steady pace all the way.
det nsubj det amod obj det:predet det obl:unmarked punct root The DET runner NOUN maintained VERB a DET steady ADJ pace NOUN all DET the DET way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 runner det 2 runner runner NOUN Number=Sing 3 maintained nsubj 3 maintained maintain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 pace det 5 steady steady ADJ Degree=Pos 6 pace amod 6 pace pace NOUN Number=Sing 3 maintained obj 7 all all DET PronType=Tot 9 way det:predet 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 way det 9 way way NOUN Number=Sing 3 maintained obl:unmarked 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 maintained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 maintain past the runner a steady pace all way obl:unmarked vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent pace=Theme
Example 2 The car maintained 60 miles an hour for 2 hours, so it went 120 miles.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj nummod obj det nmod:unmarked case nummod obl punct advmod nsubj conj nummod obj punct root The DET car NOUN maintained VERB 60 NUM miles NOUN an DET hour NOUN for ADP 2 NUM hours NOUN , PUNCT so ADV it PRON went VERB 120 NUM miles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 car det 2 car car NOUN Number=Sing 3 maintained nsubj 3 maintained maintain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 60 60 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 miles nummod 5 miles mile NOUN Number=Plur 3 maintained obj 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 hour det 7 hour hour NOUN Number=Sing 5 miles nmod:unmarked 8 for for ADP _ 10 hours case 9 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 hours nummod 10 hours hour NOUN Number=Plur 3 maintained obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 went punct 12 so so ADV _ 14 went advmod 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 went nsubj 14 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 maintained conj 15 120 120 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 16 miles nummod 16 miles mile NOUN Number=Plur 14 went obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 maintained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 maintain past the car 60 miles a hour hour vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent mile=Theme 2 go past car 120 miles vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mile=Theme
Example 3 Their garden is beautifully maintained.
nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod punct root Their PRON garden NOUN is AUX beautifully ADV maintained VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 garden nmod:poss 2 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 5 maintained nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 maintained aux:pass 4 beautifully beautifully ADV _ 5 maintained advmod 5 maintained maintain VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 maintained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 maintain present · passive Their garden beautifully property vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme
Example 4 The bridge is maintained by the city council.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det compound obl punct root The DET bridge NOUN is AUX maintained VERB by ADP the DET city NOUN council NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bridge det 2 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 4 maintained nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 maintained aux:pass 4 maintained maintain VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 8 council case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 council det 7 city city NOUN Number=Sing 8 council compound 8 council council NOUN Number=Sing 4 maintained obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 maintained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 maintain present · passive the city council the bridge vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
Example 5 He maintained that he had not taken the cake.
nsubj mark nsubj aux advmod ccomp det obj punct root He PRON maintained VERB that SCONJ he PRON had AUX not PART taken VERB the DET cake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 maintained nsubj 2 maintained maintain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 that that SCONJ _ 7 taken mark 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 taken nsubj 5 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 taken aux 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 taken advmod 7 taken take VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 2 maintained ccomp 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 cake det 9 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 7 taken obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 maintained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 maintain past He vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 not take past · perfect he the cake vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Theme
Example 6 The temperature was maintained at 20 degrees.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case nummod obl punct root The DET temperature NOUN was AUX maintained VERB at ADP 20 NUM degrees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 temperature det 2 temperature temperature NOUN Number=Sing 4 maintained nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 maintained aux:pass 4 maintained maintain VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 at at ADP _ 7 degrees case 6 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 degrees nummod 7 degrees degree NOUN Number=Plur 4 maintained obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 maintained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 maintain past · passive the temperature 20 degrees vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme
Example 7 A well-maintained bike is safer to ride.
det advmod punct amod nsubj cop mark advcl punct root A DET well ADV - PUNCT maintained VERB bike NOUN is AUX safer ADJ to PART ride VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bike det 2 well well ADV Degree=Pos 4 maintained advmod 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 well punct 4 maintained maintain VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 bike amod 5 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 7 safer nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 safer cop 7 safer safe ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 8 to to PART _ 9 ride mark 9 ride ride VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 safer advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 safer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 maintain participle well property vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent 2 is present a maintained bike safe property tree rules 3 ride to-infinitive a maintained bike not said here vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 The owner maintained that he had let the Ass only, and not his Shadow.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj mark nsubj:pass aux ccomp det obj advmod punct cc advmod nmod:poss parataxis punct root The DET owner NOUN maintained VERB that SCONJ he PRON had AUX let VERB the DET Ass NOUN only ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ not PART his PRON Shadow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 owner det 2 owner owner NOUN Number=Sing 3 maintained nsubj 3 maintained maintain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 that that SCONJ _ 7 let mark 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 let nsubj:pass 6 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 let aux 7 let let VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 maintained ccomp 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Ass det 9 Ass ass NOUN Number=Sing 7 let obj 10 only only ADV _ 7 let advmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 Shadow punct 12 and and CCONJ _ 15 Shadow cc 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 15 Shadow advmod 14 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 Shadow nmod:poss 15 Shadow shadow NOUN Number=Sing 3 maintained parataxis 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 maintained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 maintain past the owner vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 let past · perfect · passive owner vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient ass=Theme 3 shadow owner nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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