manchu Who acts: Manchu, last emperor, script, few people, Manchu soldiers · What happens: be, rule, write, run, speak, ride · To what, where: people, Manchuria, language, China, 1644, Manchu · Speech: someone speaks here
«manchu» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: manchu in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The Manchu are a people from Manchuria in north-east China.
det nsubj cop det case nmod case compound punct amod nmod punct root The DET Manchu PROPN are AUX a DET people NOUN from ADP Manchuria PROPN in ADP north NOUN - PUNCT east ADJ China PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Manchu det 2 Manchu Manchu PROPN Number=Sing 5 people nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 people cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 people det 5 people people NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 from from ADP _ 7 Manchuria case 7 Manchuria Manchuria PROPN Number=Sing 5 people nmod 8 in in ADP _ 12 China case 9 north north NOUN Number=Sing 11 east compound 10 - - PUNCT _ 9 north punct 11 east east ADJ Degree=Pos 12 China amod 12 China China PROPN Number=Sing 5 people nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 people punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the Manchu a people Manchuria in east China tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Manchu is also their language.
nsubj cop advmod nmod:poss punct root Manchu PROPN is AUX also ADV their PRON language NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Manchu Manchu PROPN Number=Sing 5 language nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 language cop 3 also also ADV _ 5 language advmod 4 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 language nmod:poss 5 language language NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 language punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Manchu their language tree rules
Meaning 3 The Manchu ruled China as the Qing dynasty from 1644 to 1912.
det nsubj obj case det compound obl case obl case nmod punct root The DET Manchu PROPN ruled VERB China PROPN as ADP the DET Qing PROPN dynasty NOUN from ADP 1644 NUM to ADP 1912 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Manchu det 2 Manchu Manchu PROPN Number=Sing 3 ruled nsubj 3 ruled rule VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 China China PROPN Number=Sing 3 ruled obj 5 as as ADP _ 8 dynasty case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 dynasty det 7 Qing Qing PROPN Number=Sing 8 dynasty compound 8 dynasty dynasty NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruled obl 9 from from ADP _ 10 1644 case 10 1644 1644 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 ruled obl 11 to to ADP _ 12 1912 case 12 1912 1912 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 1644 nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 ruled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rule past the Manchu China 1644 to 1912 as the Qing dynasty vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent china=Result
Example 1 The Manchu ruled China for almost 300 years.
det nsubj obj case advmod nummod obl punct root The DET Manchu PROPN ruled VERB China PROPN for ADP almost ADV 300 NUM years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Manchu det 2 Manchu Manchu PROPN Number=Sing 3 ruled nsubj 3 ruled rule VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 China China PROPN Number=Sing 3 ruled obj 5 for for ADP _ 8 years case 6 almost almost ADV _ 7 300 advmod 7 300 300 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 years nummod 8 years year NOUN Number=Plur 3 ruled obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 ruled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rule past the Manchu China year vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent china=Result
Example 2 The last emperor of China was Manchu.
det amod nsubj case nmod cop punct root The DET last ADJ emperor NOUN of ADP China PROPN was AUX Manchu PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 emperor det 2 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 3 emperor amod 3 emperor emperor NOUN Number=Sing 7 Manchu nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 5 China case 5 China China PROPN Number=Sing 3 emperor nmod 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 Manchu cop 7 Manchu Manchu PROPN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 Manchu punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the last emperor of China Manchu tree rules
Example 3 Manchu is written in a script that runs from top to bottom.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl nsubj acl:relcl case obl case nmod punct root Manchu PROPN is AUX written VERB in ADP a DET script NOUN that PRON runs VERB from ADP top NOUN to ADP bottom NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Manchu Manchu PROPN Number=Sing 3 written nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 written aux:pass 3 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 script case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 script det 6 script script NOUN Number=Sing 3 written obl 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 runs nsubj 8 runs run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 script acl:relcl 9 from from ADP _ 10 top case 10 top top NOUN Number=Sing 8 runs obl 11 to to ADP _ 12 bottom case 12 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 10 top nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 written punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write present · passive Manchu a script vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in script=Destination 2 run present a script top to bottom vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from top=Trajectory
Example 4 Very few people speak Manchu today.
advmod amod nsubj obj obl:unmarked punct root Very ADV few ADJ people NOUN speak VERB Manchu PROPN today NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Very very ADV _ 2 few advmod 2 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 3 people amod 3 people people NOUN Number=Plur 4 speak nsubj 4 speak speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 Manchu Manchu PROPN Number=Sing 4 speak obj 6 today today NOUN Number=Sing 4 speak obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 speak punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other present few people Manchu today tree rules
Example 5 Manchu soldiers rode horses and shot arrows.
compound nsubj obj cc compound conj punct root Manchu PROPN soldiers NOUN rode VERB horses NOUN and CCONJ shot NOUN arrows NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Manchu Manchu PROPN Number=Sing 2 soldiers compound 2 soldiers soldier NOUN Number=Plur 3 rode nsubj 3 rode ride VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 horses horse NOUN Number=Plur 3 rode obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 arrows cc 6 shot shot NOUN Number=Sing 7 arrows compound 7 arrows arrow NOUN Number=Plur 4 horses conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 rode punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ride past Manchu soldiers horses and shot arrows vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme
Example 6 The Qing dynasty was founded by the Manchu.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root The DET Qing PROPN dynasty NOUN was AUX founded VERB by ADP the DET Manchu PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 dynasty det 2 Qing Qing PROPN Number=Sing 3 dynasty compound 3 dynasty dynasty NOUN Number=Sing 5 founded nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 founded aux:pass 5 founded found VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 by by ADP _ 8 Manchu case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Manchu det 8 Manchu Manchu PROPN Number=Sing 5 founded obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 founded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 found past · passive the Manchu the Qing dynasty vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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