manual Who acts: Manual, instructions, manual car, driver, hand, you · What happens: mean, do, be, tell, use, fix · To what, where: book, you, something, gears, stick shift, manual · Speech: someone speaks here
«manual» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: manual in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Manual means done by hand or by a person's effort, not by a machine: «manual work».
The tree, 17 words nsubj xcomp case obl cc case det nmod:poss case conj punct advmod case det conj punct punct amod parataxis punct punct root Manual ADJ means VERB done VERB by ADP hand NOUN or CCONJ by ADP a DET person NOUN 's PART effort NOUN , PUNCT not PART by ADP a DET machine NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT manual ADJ work NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Manual manual ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means xcomp 4 by by ADP _ 5 hand case 5 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 3 done obl 6 or or CCONJ _ 11 effort cc 7 by by ADP _ 11 effort case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 person det 9 person person NOUN Number=Sing 11 effort nmod:poss 10 's 's PART _ 9 person case 11 effort effort NOUN Number=Sing 5 hand conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 16 machine punct 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 16 machine advmod 14 by by ADP _ 16 machine case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 machine det 16 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 11 effort conj 17 : : PUNCT _ 20 work punct 18 « « PUNCT _ 20 work punct 19 manual manual ADJ Degree=Pos 20 work amod 20 work work NOUN Number=Sing 11 effort parataxis 21 » » PUNCT _ 20 work punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Manual vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do not said to happen participle Manual not said here by hand or a person's effort and a machine vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A manual is a book of instructions telling you how to use or fix something.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det case nmod acl iobj advmod mark xcomp cc conj obj punct root A DET manual NOUN is AUX a DET book NOUN of ADP instructions NOUN telling VERB you PRON how ADV to PART use VERB or CCONJ fix VERB something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 manual det 2 manual manual NOUN Number=Sing 5 book nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 book cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 book det 5 book book NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 instructions case 7 instructions instruction NOUN Number=Plur 5 book nmod 8 telling tell VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 instructions acl 9 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 telling iobj 10 how how ADV PronType=Int 12 use advmod 11 to to PART _ 12 use mark 12 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 telling xcomp 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 fix cc 14 fix fix VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 use conj 15 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 fix obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 book punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a manual a book of instructions tree rules 2 tell speech: assert gerund instructions not said here you vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic 3 use not said to happen to-infinitive instructions not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 fix infinitive instructions not said here something vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent something=Patient
Meaning 3 A manual car has gears the driver changes by hand (called a «stick shift» in the US).
The tree, 17 words det amod nsubj obj det nsubj parataxis case obl punct acl det punct compound xcomp punct case det nmod punct punct root A DET manual ADJ car NOUN has VERB gears NOUN the DET driver NOUN changes VERB by ADP hand NOUN ( PUNCT called VERB a DET « PUNCT stick NOUN shift NOUN » PUNCT in ADP the DET US PROPN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 car det 2 manual manual ADJ Degree=Pos 3 car amod 3 car car NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 gears gear NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 driver det 7 driver driver NOUN Number=Sing 8 changes nsubj 8 changes change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 has parataxis 9 by by ADP _ 10 hand case 10 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 8 changes obl 11 ( ( PUNCT _ 12 called punct 12 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 hand acl 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 shift det 14 « « PUNCT _ 16 shift punct 15 stick stick NOUN Number=Sing 16 shift compound 16 shift shift NOUN Number=Sing 12 called xcomp 17 » » PUNCT _ 16 shift punct 18 in in ADP _ 20 US case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 US det 20 US US PROPN Number=Sing 16 shift nmod 21 ) ) PUNCT _ 12 called punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a manual car gears vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gear=Patient 2 change present the driver by hand vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 call participle hand not said here a stick shift in the US vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Read the manual before using the drill.
det obj mark advcl det obj punct root Read VERB the DET manual NOUN before SCONJ using VERB the DET drill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Read read VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 manual det 3 manual manual NOUN Number=Sing 1 Read obj 4 before before SCONJ _ 5 using mark 5 using use VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Read advcl 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 drill det 7 drill drill NOUN Number=Sing 5 using obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read imperative you not said here the manual vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manual=Topic 2 use gerund you not said here the drill vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drill=Patient
Example 2 Building a wall is hard manual work.
csubj det obj cop amod amod punct root Building VERB a DET wall NOUN is AUX hard ADJ manual ADJ work NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Building build VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 work csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 wall det 3 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 1 Building obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 work cop 5 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 7 work amod 6 manual manual ADJ Degree=Pos 7 work amod 7 work work NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 work punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build gerund a wall vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wall=Product 2 is a present Building hard manual work tree rules
Example 3 Dad drives a manual car.
nsubj det amod obj punct root Dad NOUN drives VERB a DET manual ADJ car NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 drives nsubj 2 drives drive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 car det 4 manual manual ADJ Degree=Pos 5 car amod 5 car car NOUN Number=Sing 2 drives obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 drives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drive present Dad a manual car vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent car=Location
Example 4 The game came with a thin manual.
det nsubj case det amod obl punct root The DET game NOUN came VERB with ADP a DET thin ADJ manual NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 game det 2 game game NOUN Number=Sing 3 came nsubj 3 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 with with ADP _ 7 manual case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 manual det 6 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 7 manual amod 7 manual manual NOUN Number=Sing 3 came obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past the game with a thin manual vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 You can switch the camera to manual mode.
nsubj aux det obj case amod obl punct root You PRON can AUX switch VERB the DET camera NOUN to ADP manual ADJ mode NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 switch nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 switch aux 3 switch switch VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 camera det 5 camera camera NOUN Number=Sing 3 switch obj 6 to to ADP _ 8 mode case 7 manual manual ADJ Degree=Pos 8 mode amod 8 mode mode NOUN Number=Sing 3 switch obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 switch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 switch can You the camera to manual mode result vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent camera=Patient to mode=Result
Example 6 Farm work used to be mostly manual.
compound nsubj mark cop advmod xcomp punct root Farm NOUN work NOUN used VERB to PART be AUX mostly ADV manual ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Farm farm NOUN Number=Sing 2 work compound 2 work work NOUN Number=Sing 3 used nsubj 3 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 7 manual mark 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 manual cop 6 mostly mostly ADV _ 7 manual advmod 7 manual manual ADJ Degree=Pos 3 used xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past Farm work vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is to-infinitive Farm work not said here manual, mostly property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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