massage Who acts: massage, Mum, physio, tight muscles, She, boss · What happens: rub, press, relax, massage, be, look · To what, where: body, muscles, someone, them, numbers, foot massage
«massage» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: massage in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A massage is rubbing and pressing someone's body with your hands to relax the muscles or ease pain.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj aux cc conj nmod:poss case obj case nmod:poss obl mark advcl det obj cc compound conj punct root A DET massage NOUN is AUX rubbing VERB and CCONJ pressing VERB someone PRON 's PART body NOUN with ADP your PRON hands NOUN to PART relax VERB the DET muscles NOUN or CCONJ ease NOUN pain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 massage det 2 massage massage NOUN Number=Sing 4 rubbing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 rubbing aux 4 rubbing rub VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 pressing cc 6 pressing press VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 rubbing conj 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 body nmod:poss 8 's 's PART _ 7 someone case 9 body body NOUN Number=Sing 6 pressing obj 10 with with ADP _ 12 hands case 11 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 hands nmod:poss 12 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 6 pressing obl 13 to to PART _ 14 relax mark 14 relax relax VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 pressing advcl 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 muscles det 16 muscles muscle NOUN Number=Plur 14 relax obj 17 or or CCONJ _ 19 pain cc 18 ease ease NOUN Number=Sing 19 pain compound 19 pain pain NOUN Number=Sing 16 muscles conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 rubbing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rub present · progressive a massage vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme 2 press gerund a massage not said here someone's body with your hands vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Theme 3 relax to-infinitive a massage not said here the muscles or ease pain vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus muscle=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To massage someone is to give them a massage.
mark csubj obj cop mark iobj det obj punct root To PART massage VERB someone PRON is AUX to PART give VERB them PRON a DET massage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 massage mark 2 massage massage VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 give csubj 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 massage obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 give cop 5 to to PART _ 6 give mark 6 give give VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 give iobj 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 massage det 9 massage massage NOUN Number=Sing 6 give obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 massage to-infinitive someone vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Experiencer 2 is present them = they give property tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: informal, negative — kept apart, not parsed.
To massage numbers or facts is to change them a little dishonestly to look better.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl obj cc conj cop mark obj det amod obj mark advcl xcomp punct root To PART massage VERB numbers NOUN or CCONJ facts NOUN is AUX to PART change VERB them PRON a DET little ADJ dishonestly NOUN to PART look VERB better ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 massage mark 2 massage massage VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 change advcl 3 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 2 massage obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 facts cc 5 facts fact NOUN Number=Plur 3 numbers conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 change cop 7 to to PART _ 8 change mark 8 change change VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 change obj 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 dishonestly det 11 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 12 dishonestly amod 12 dishonestly dishonestly NOUN Number=Sing 8 change obj 13 to to PART _ 14 look mark 14 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 change advcl 15 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 14 look xcomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 8 change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 massage to-infinitive numbers or facts vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Experiencer 2 is present change property tree rules 3 look to-infinitive good property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 1 Mum gave me a foot massage after the long walk.
nsubj iobj det compound obj case det amod obl punct root Mum NOUN gave VERB me PRON a DET foot NOUN massage NOUN after ADP the DET long ADJ walk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 gave iobj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 massage det 5 foot foot NOUN Number=Sing 6 massage compound 6 massage massage NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 7 after after ADP _ 10 walk case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 walk det 9 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 10 walk amod 10 walk walk NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past Mum a foot massage me after the long walk vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient massage=Theme
Example 2 The physio massaged the footballer's leg.
det nsubj det nmod:poss case obj punct root The DET physio NOUN massaged VERB the DET footballer NOUN 's PART leg NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 physio det 2 physio physio NOUN Number=Sing 3 massaged nsubj 3 massaged massage VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 footballer det 5 footballer footballer NOUN Number=Sing 7 leg nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 footballer case 7 leg leg NOUN Number=Sing 3 massaged obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 massaged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 massage past the physio the footballer's leg vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Experiencer
Example 3 A massage can help tight muscles relax.
det nsubj aux amod obj xcomp punct root A DET massage NOUN can AUX help VERB tight ADJ muscles NOUN relax VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 massage det 2 massage massage NOUN Number=Sing 4 help nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 help aux 4 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 tight tight ADJ Degree=Pos 6 muscles amod 6 muscles muscle NOUN Number=Plur 4 help obj 7 relax relax VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 help xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help can a massage tight muscles vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent muscle=Beneficiary clause=Theme 2 relax infinitive tight muscles not said here vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Example 4 She massaged cream into her hands.
nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl punct root She PRON massaged VERB cream NOUN into ADP her PRON hands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 massaged nsubj 2 massaged massage VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing 2 massaged obj 4 into into ADP _ 6 hands case 5 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 hands nmod:poss 6 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 2 massaged obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 massaged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 massage past She cream her hands vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cream=Theme
Example 5 The boss massaged the figures to hide the loss. (informal)
Sentence 1: The boss massaged the figures to hide the loss.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl det obj punct root The DET boss NOUN massaged VERB the DET figures NOUN to PART hide VERB the DET loss NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 boss det 2 boss boss NOUN Number=Sing 3 massaged nsubj 3 massaged massage VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 figures det 5 figures figure NOUN Number=Plur 3 massaged obj 6 to to PART _ 7 hide mark 7 hide hide VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 massaged advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 loss det 9 loss loss NOUN Number=Sing 7 hide obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 massaged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 massage past the boss the figures vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent figure=Experiencer 2 hide to-infinitive the boss not said here the loss vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loss=Patient
Sentence 2: (informal)
punct punct root ( PUNCT informal ADJ ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 informal punct 2 informal informal ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 informal punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 6 The massage lasted 30 minutes and cost £25.
det nsubj nummod obj cc conj obj nummod punct root The DET massage NOUN lasted VERB 30 NUM minutes NOUN and CCONJ cost VERB £ SYM 25 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 massage det 2 massage massage NOUN Number=Sing 3 lasted nsubj 3 lasted last VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 30 30 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 minutes nummod 5 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 3 lasted obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 cost cc 7 cost cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 lasted conj 8 £ £ SYM _ 7 cost obj 9 25 25 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 £ nummod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 lasted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 last past the massage minute vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme 2 cost present the massage not said here vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme £=Value
Example 7 Dad massaged his sore neck.
nsubj nmod:poss amod obj punct root Dad NOUN massaged VERB his PRON sore ADJ neck NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 massaged nsubj 2 massaged massage VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 neck nmod:poss 4 sore sore ADJ Degree=Pos 5 neck amod 5 neck neck NOUN Number=Sing 2 massaged obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 massaged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 massage past Dad Dad's sore neck vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent neck=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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