measles Who acts: virus, illness, grandad, Measles, MMR vaccine, outbreak · What happens: cause, spread, give, have, be, protect · To what, where: illness, high fever, body, measles, boy, red spotty rash
«measles» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: measles in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An illness caused by a virus that spreads very easily; it gives a high fever, a cough, red eyes and a red, blotchy rash all over the body.
The tree, 28 words det nsubj acl case det obl nsubj acl:relcl advmod advmod punct nsubj det amod obj punct det conj punct amod conj cc det amod punct amod conj advmod case det obl punct root An DET illness NOUN caused VERB by ADP a DET virus NOUN that PRON spreads VERB very ADV easily ADV ; PUNCT it PRON gives VERB a DET high ADJ fever NOUN , PUNCT a DET cough NOUN , PUNCT red ADJ eyes NOUN and CCONJ a DET red ADJ , PUNCT blotchy ADJ rash NOUN all ADV over ADP the DET body NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 illness det 2 illness illness NOUN Number=Sing 13 gives nsubj 3 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 illness acl 4 by by ADP _ 6 virus case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 virus det 6 virus virus NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused obl 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 spreads nsubj 8 spreads spread VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 virus acl:relcl 9 very very ADV _ 10 easily advmod 10 easily easily ADV _ 8 spreads advmod 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 gives punct 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 gives nsubj 13 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 fever det 15 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 16 fever amod 16 fever fever NOUN Number=Sing 13 gives obj 17 , , PUNCT _ 19 cough punct 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 cough det 19 cough cough NOUN Number=Sing 16 fever conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 22 eyes punct 21 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 22 eyes amod 22 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 16 fever conj 23 and and CCONJ _ 28 rash cc 24 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 28 rash det 25 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 28 rash amod 26 , , PUNCT _ 25 red punct 27 blotchy blotchy ADJ Degree=Pos 28 rash amod 28 rash rash NOUN Number=Sing 16 fever conj 29 all all ADV _ 32 body advmod 30 over over ADP _ 32 body case 31 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 32 body det 32 body body NOUN Number=Sing 13 gives obl 33 . . PUNCT _ 13 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause participle a illness not said here by a virus vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition 2 spread present a virus easily property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 give present a illness a high fever and a cough and red eyes and a red blotchy rash the body vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fever=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 My grandad had measles when he was a boy.
nmod:poss nsubj obj advmod nsubj cop det advcl punct root My PRON grandad NOUN had VERB measles NOUN when ADV he PRON was AUX a DET boy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 grandad nmod:poss 2 grandad grandad NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 measles measle NOUN Number=Plur 3 had obj 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 boy advmod 6 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 boy nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 boy cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 boy det 9 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 3 had advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past My grandad measles vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent measle=Patient 2 is a past grandad a boy tree rules
Example 2 Measles gives you a red, spotty rash.
nsubj iobj det amod punct amod obj punct root Measles NOUN gives VERB you PRON a DET red ADJ , PUNCT spotty ADJ rash NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Measles measle NOUN Number=Plur 2 gives nsubj 2 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 gives iobj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 rash det 5 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 8 rash amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 red punct 7 spotty spotty ADJ Degree=Pos 8 rash amod 8 rash rash NOUN Number=Sing 2 gives obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present Measles a red spotty rash you vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient rash=Theme
Example 3 The MMR vaccine protects you against measles.
det compound nsubj obj case obl punct root The DET MMR PROPN vaccine NOUN protects VERB you PRON against ADP measles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 vaccine det 2 MMR MMR PROPN Number=Sing 3 vaccine compound 3 vaccine vaccine NOUN Number=Sing 4 protects nsubj 4 protects protect VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 protects obj 6 against against ADP _ 7 measles case 7 measles measle NOUN Number=Plur 4 protects obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 protects punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 protect present the MMR vaccine you against measles vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary against measle=Theme
Example 4 Measles spreads through coughs and sneezes.
nsubj case obl cc conj punct root Measles NOUN spreads VERB through ADP coughs NOUN and CCONJ sneezes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Measles measle NOUN Number=Plur 2 spreads nsubj 2 spreads spread VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 through through ADP _ 4 coughs case 4 coughs cough NOUN Number=Plur 2 spreads obl 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 sneezes cc 6 sneezes sneeze NOUN Number=Plur 4 coughs conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 spreads punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spread present Measles coughs and sneezes vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through cough=Location
Example 5 There was an outbreak of measles in the town.
expl det nsubj case nmod case det nmod punct root There PRON was VERB an DET outbreak NOUN of ADP measles NOUN in ADP the DET town NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 was expl 2 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 outbreak det 4 outbreak outbreak NOUN Number=Sing 2 was nsubj 5 of of ADP _ 6 measles case 6 measles measle NOUN Number=Plur 4 outbreak nmod 7 in in ADP _ 9 town case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 town det 9 town town NOUN Number=Sing 6 measles nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past a outbreak of measles in the town there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 A child with measles must stay at home.
det nsubj case nmod aux case obl punct root A DET child NOUN with ADP measles NOUN must AUX stay VERB at ADP home NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 child det 2 child child NOUN Number=Sing 6 stay nsubj 3 with with ADP _ 4 measles case 4 measles measle NOUN Number=Plur 2 child nmod 5 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 stay aux 6 stay stay VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 at at ADP _ 8 home case 8 home home NOUN Number=Sing 6 stay obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 stay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay must a child with measles home vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at home=Location
Example 7 Measles is caused by a virus.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root Measles NOUN is AUX caused VERB by ADP a DET virus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Measles measle NOUN Number=Plur 3 caused nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 caused aux:pass 3 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 6 virus case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 virus det 6 virus virus NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 caused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause present · passive a virus Measles vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient
Example 8 Cowslip, during the autumn, had either the measles, or some eruption that looked very much like it, but was hardly sick a day.
The tree, 23 words nsubj punct case det conj punct cc:preconj det obj punct cc det parataxis nsubj acl:relcl advmod advmod case obl punct cc cop advmod parataxis det obl:unmarked punct root Cowslip NOUN , PUNCT during ADP the DET autumn NOUN , PUNCT had VERB either CCONJ the DET measles NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ some DET eruption NOUN that PRON looked VERB very ADV much ADV like ADP it PRON , PUNCT but CCONJ was AUX hardly ADV sick ADJ a DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cowslip cowslip NOUN Number=Sing 7 had nsubj 2 , , PUNCT _ 5 autumn punct 3 during during ADP _ 5 autumn case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 autumn det 5 autumn autumn NOUN Number=Sing 1 Cowslip conj 6 , , PUNCT _ 1 Cowslip punct 7 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 either either CCONJ _ 10 measles cc:preconj 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 measles det 10 measles measle NOUN Number=Plur 7 had obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 eruption punct 12 or or CCONJ _ 14 eruption cc 13 some some DET PronType=Ind 14 eruption det 14 eruption eruption NOUN Number=Sing 7 had parataxis 15 that that PRON PronType=Rel 16 looked nsubj 16 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 eruption acl:relcl 17 very very ADV _ 18 much advmod 18 much much ADV _ 20 it advmod 19 like like ADP _ 20 it case 20 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 looked obl 21 , , PUNCT _ 25 sick punct 22 but but CCONJ _ 25 sick cc 23 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 25 sick cop 24 hardly hardly ADV _ 25 sick advmod 25 sick sick ADJ Degree=Pos 7 had parataxis 26 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 27 day det 27 day day NOUN Number=Sing 25 sick obl:unmarked 28 . . PUNCT _ 7 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Cowslip and the autumn the measles vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent measle=Patient 2 look past some eruption like eruption vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 3 is past day hardly, sick property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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