meanwhile Who acts: something, bus, 's, Sam, sister, cake · What happens: happen, be, let, sit down, use, compare · To what, where: 's, two different things, maths, it, pigs, table
«meanwhile» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: meanwhile in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 At the same time, while something else is happening.
case det amod obl punct mark nsubj advmod aux punct root At ADP the DET same ADJ time NOUN , PUNCT while SCONJ something PRON else ADV is AUX happening VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 4 time case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 time det 3 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 4 time amod 4 time time NOUN Number=Sing 10 happening obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 time punct 6 while while SCONJ _ 10 happening mark 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 happening nsubj 8 else else ADV _ 7 something advmod 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 happening aux 10 happening happen VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 happening punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 happen present · progressive something time vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
Meanwhile, back at the castle...
advmod punct case det obl punct root Meanwhile ADV , PUNCT back ADV at ADP the DET castle NOUN ... PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Meanwhile meanwhile ADV _ 3 back advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Meanwhile punct 3 back back ADV _ root root 4 at at ADP _ 6 castle case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 castle det 6 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 3 back obl 7 ... ... PUNCT _ 3 back punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2 In the time between two events: the bus is late; meanwhile, let's sit down.
The tree, 15 words case det obl case nummod nmod punct det nsubj cop punct advmod punct parataxis obj xcomp compound:prt punct root In ADP the DET time NOUN between ADP two NUM events NOUN : PUNCT the DET bus NOUN is AUX late ADJ ; PUNCT meanwhile ADV , PUNCT let VERB 's PRON sit VERB down ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 time case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 time det 3 time time NOUN Number=Sing 11 late obl 4 between between ADP _ 6 events case 5 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 events nummod 6 events event NOUN Number=Plur 3 time nmod 7 : : PUNCT _ 11 late punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 bus det 9 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 11 late nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 late cop 11 late late ADJ Degree=Pos root root 12 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 let punct 13 meanwhile meanwhile ADV _ 15 let advmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 13 meanwhile punct 15 let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 11 late parataxis 16 's we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 15 let obj 17 sit sit VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 let xcomp 18 down down ADP _ 17 sit compound:prt 19 . . PUNCT _ 11 late punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the bus time late property tree rules 2 let infinitive 's meanwhile property tree rules 3 sit down infinitive 's not said here vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Used to compare two different things.
mark advcl nummod amod obj punct root Used VERB to PART compare VERB two NUM different ADJ things NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 to to PART _ 3 compare mark 3 compare compare VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Used advcl 4 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 things nummod 5 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 6 things amod 6 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 3 compare obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 compare to-infinitive two different things vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
Sam loves maths; meanwhile, his sister hates it.
nsubj obj punct advmod punct nmod:poss nsubj conj obj punct root Sam PROPN loves VERB maths NOUN ; PUNCT meanwhile ADV , PUNCT his PRON sister NOUN hates VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 2 loves nsubj 2 loves love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 2 loves obj 4 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 hates punct 5 meanwhile meanwhile ADV _ 9 hates advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 meanwhile punct 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 sister nmod:poss 8 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 9 hates nsubj 9 hates hate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 loves conj 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 hates obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 loves punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 love present Sam maths vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer math=Stimulus 2 hate present Sam's sister it meanwhile property vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
Example 1 The cake was baking; meanwhile, we washed up.
det nsubj aux punct advmod punct nsubj conj compound:prt punct root The DET cake NOUN was AUX baking VERB ; PUNCT meanwhile ADV , PUNCT we PRON washed VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cake det 2 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 4 baking nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 baking aux 4 baking bake VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 washed punct 6 meanwhile meanwhile ADV _ 9 washed advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 washed punct 8 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 washed nsubj 9 washed wash VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 baking conj 10 up up ADP _ 9 washed compound:prt 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 baking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bake past · progressive the cake vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 wash up past we meanwhile property vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Meanwhile, back at the farm, the pigs had escaped.
advmod punct conj case det obl punct det nsubj:pass aux punct root Meanwhile ADV , PUNCT back ADV at ADP the DET farm NOUN , PUNCT the DET pigs NOUN had AUX escaped VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Meanwhile meanwhile ADV _ 11 escaped advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 back punct 3 back back ADV _ 1 Meanwhile conj 4 at at ADP _ 6 farm case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 farm det 6 farm farm NOUN Number=Sing 3 back obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 1 Meanwhile punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 pigs det 9 pigs pig NOUN Number=Plur 11 escaped nsubj:pass 10 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 escaped aux 11 escaped escape VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 escaped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 escape past · perfect · passive the pigs meanwhile property vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Initial_Location
Example 3 Dinner will be ready soon; meanwhile, lay the table.
nsubj aux cop advmod punct advmod punct conj det obj punct root Dinner NOUN will AUX be AUX ready ADJ soon ADV ; PUNCT meanwhile ADV , PUNCT lay VERB the DET table NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dinner dinner NOUN Number=Sing 4 ready nsubj 2 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 ready aux 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 ready cop 4 ready ready ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 soon soon ADV Degree=Pos 4 ready advmod 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 lay punct 7 meanwhile meanwhile ADV _ 9 lay advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 meanwhile punct 9 lay lay VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 ready conj 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 table det 11 table table NOUN Number=Sing 9 lay obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 ready punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is future Dinner ready, soon property tree rules 2 lay infinitive Dinner not said here the table meanwhile property vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent table=Result
Example 4 Ben ran to get help. Meanwhile, Ella kept the dog calm.
Sentence 1: Ben ran to get help.
nsubj mark advcl obj punct root Ben PROPN ran VERB to PART get VERB help NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ben Ben PROPN Number=Sing 2 ran nsubj 2 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 get mark 4 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 ran advcl 5 help help NOUN Number=Sing 4 get obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 ran punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run past Ben vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 get to-infinitive Ben not said here help vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer help=Stimulus
Sentence 2: Meanwhile, Ella kept the dog calm.
advmod punct nsubj det obj xcomp punct root Meanwhile ADV , PUNCT Ella PROPN kept VERB the DET dog NOUN calm ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Meanwhile meanwhile ADV _ 4 kept advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Meanwhile punct 3 Ella Ella PROPN Number=Sing 4 kept nsubj 4 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 dog det 6 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 4 kept obj 7 calm calm ADJ Degree=Pos 4 kept xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past Ella the dog calm, meanwhile property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Theme
Example 5 I love winter; meanwhile, my brother can't wait for summer.
nsubj obj punct advmod punct nmod:poss nsubj aux advmod parataxis case obl punct root I PRON love VERB winter NOUN ; PUNCT meanwhile ADV , PUNCT my PRON brother NOUN ca AUX n't PART wait VERB for ADP summer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 love nsubj 2 love love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 2 love obj 4 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 wait punct 5 meanwhile meanwhile ADV _ 11 wait advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 meanwhile punct 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 brother nmod:poss 8 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 11 wait nsubj 9 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 wait aux 10 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 11 wait advmod 11 wait wait VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 love parataxis 12 for for ADP _ 13 summer case 13 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 11 wait obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 love punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 love present I winter vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer 2 not wait can my brother summer meanwhile property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 The film starts at six; in the meanwhile, let's get popcorn.
The tree, 12 words det nsubj case obl punct case det obl punct parataxis obj xcomp obj punct root The DET film NOUN starts VERB at ADP six NUM ; PUNCT in ADP the DET meanwhile NOUN , PUNCT let VERB 's PRON get VERB popcorn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 film det 2 film film NOUN Number=Sing 3 starts nsubj 3 starts start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 5 six case 5 six six NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 starts obl 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 let punct 7 in in ADP _ 9 meanwhile case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 meanwhile det 9 meanwhile meanwhile NOUN Number=Sing 11 let obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 9 meanwhile punct 11 let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 starts parataxis 12 's we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 let obj 13 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 let xcomp 14 popcorn popcorn NOUN Number=Sing 13 get obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 starts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 start present the film six vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 2 let infinitive 's the meanwhile tree rules 3 get infinitive 's not said here popcorn vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer popcorn=Stimulus
Example 7 The firefighters arrived. Meanwhile, the crowd watched from the street.
Sentence 1: The firefighters arrived.
det nsubj punct root The DET firefighters NOUN arrived VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 firefighters det 2 firefighters firefighter NOUN Number=Plur 3 arrived nsubj 3 arrived arrive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 . . PUNCT _ 3 arrived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 arrive past the firefighters vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Sentence 2: Meanwhile, the crowd watched from the street.
advmod punct det nsubj case det obl punct root Meanwhile ADV , PUNCT the DET crowd NOUN watched VERB from ADP the DET street NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Meanwhile meanwhile ADV _ 5 watched advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Meanwhile punct 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 crowd det 4 crowd crowd NOUN Number=Sing 5 watched nsubj 5 watched watch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 from from ADP _ 8 street case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 street det 8 street street NOUN Number=Sing 5 watched obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 watched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 watch past the crowd the street meanwhile property vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent
Example 8 The fox meanwhile was enjoying himself mightily.
det advmod aux acl:relcl obj advmod punct root The DET fox NOUN meanwhile ADV was AUX enjoying VERB himself PRON mightily ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 fox det 2 fox fox NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 meanwhile meanwhile ADV _ 5 enjoying advmod 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 enjoying aux 5 enjoying enjoy VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 fox acl:relcl 6 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 5 enjoying obj 7 mightily mightily ADV _ 5 enjoying advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 fox punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 enjoy past · progressive the fox not said here fox meanwhile, mightily property vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer himself=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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