medieval Who acts: Medieval, We, Medieval knights, Life, town, Monks · What happens: mean, visit, wear, be, have, copy · To what, where: Middle Ages, medieval castle, heavy armour, medieval walls, books, medieval banquet
«medieval» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: medieval in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Medieval means from or about the Middle Ages, the long period in European history after the Roman times and before the modern age.
The tree, 23 words nsubj case cc case det flat obl punct det amod appos case amod nmod case det amod nmod cc case det amod conj punct root Medieval ADJ means VERB from ADP or CCONJ about ADP the DET Middle PROPN Ages PROPN , PUNCT the DET long ADJ period NOUN in ADP European ADJ history NOUN after ADP the DET Roman ADJ times NOUN and CCONJ before ADP the DET modern ADJ age NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Medieval medieval ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 from from ADP _ 8 Ages case 4 or or CCONJ _ 8 Ages cc 5 about about ADP _ 8 Ages case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Ages det 7 Middle Middle PROPN Number=Sing 8 Ages flat 8 Ages Age PROPN Number=Plur 2 means obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 period punct 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 period det 11 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 12 period amod 12 period period NOUN Number=Sing 8 Ages appos 13 in in ADP _ 15 history case 14 European European ADJ Degree=Pos 15 history amod 15 history history NOUN Number=Sing 12 period nmod 16 after after ADP _ 19 times case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 times det 18 Roman roman ADJ Degree=Pos 19 times amod 19 times time NOUN Number=Plur 12 period nmod 20 and and CCONJ _ 24 age cc 21 before before ADP _ 24 age case 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 age det 23 modern modern ADJ Degree=Pos 24 age amod 24 age age NOUN Number=Sing 19 times conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Medieval from the Middle Ages vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Informally, medieval means very old-fashioned or cruel.
advmod punct nsubj advmod amod punct ccomp cc conj punct root Informally ADV , PUNCT medieval ADJ means VERB very ADV old ADJ - PUNCT fashioned ADJ or CCONJ cruel ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Informally informally ADV _ 4 means advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Informally punct 3 medieval medieval ADJ Degree=Pos 4 means nsubj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 very very ADV _ 6 old advmod 6 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fashioned amod 7 - - PUNCT _ 8 fashioned punct 8 fashioned fashioned ADJ Degree=Pos 4 means ccomp 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 cruel cc 10 cruel cruel ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fashioned conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present medieval informally property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Example 1 We visited a medieval castle with a moat.
nsubj det amod obj case det obl punct root We PRON visited VERB a DET medieval ADJ castle NOUN with ADP a DET moat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 visited nsubj 2 visited visit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 castle det 4 medieval medieval ADJ Degree=Pos 5 castle amod 5 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 2 visited obj 6 with with ADP _ 8 moat case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 moat det 8 moat moat NOUN Number=Sing 2 visited obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 visited punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 visit past We a medieval castle with a moat vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent castle=Co-Agent
Example 2 Medieval knights wore heavy armour.
amod nsubj amod obj punct root Medieval ADJ knights NOUN wore VERB heavy ADJ armour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Medieval medieval ADJ Degree=Pos 2 knights amod 2 knights knight NOUN Number=Plur 3 wore nsubj 3 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 armour amod 5 armour armour NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past Medieval knights heavy armour vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent armour=Source
Example 3 Life in medieval villages was hard.
nsubj case amod nmod cop punct root Life NOUN in ADP medieval ADJ villages NOUN was AUX hard ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Life life NOUN Number=Sing 6 hard nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 4 villages case 3 medieval medieval ADJ Degree=Pos 4 villages amod 4 villages village NOUN Number=Plur 1 Life nmod 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 hard cop 6 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 hard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Life in medieval villages hard property tree rules
Example 4 The town still has its medieval walls.
det nsubj advmod nmod:poss amod obj punct root The DET town NOUN still ADV has VERB its PRON medieval ADJ walls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 town det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 3 still still ADV _ 4 has advmod 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 walls nmod:poss 6 medieval medieval ADJ Degree=Pos 7 walls amod 7 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the town town's medieval walls still vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wall=Patient
Example 5 Monks copied books by hand in medieval times.
acl obj case obl case amod obl punct root Monks NOUN copied VERB books NOUN by ADP hand NOUN in ADP medieval ADJ times NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Monks monk NOUN Number=Plur root root 2 copied copy VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Monks acl 3 books book NOUN Number=Plur 2 copied obj 4 by by ADP _ 5 hand case 5 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 2 copied obl 6 in in ADP _ 8 times case 7 medieval medieval ADJ Degree=Pos 8 times amod 8 times time NOUN Number=Plur 2 copied obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Monks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 copy participle Monks not said here books time by hand vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent book=Theme by hand=Destination
Example 6 Our class held a medieval banquet.
nmod:poss nsubj det amod obj punct root Our PRON class NOUN held VERB a DET medieval ADJ banquet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 class nmod:poss 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 held nsubj 3 held hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 banquet det 5 medieval medieval ADJ Degree=Pos 6 banquet amod 6 banquet banquet NOUN Number=Sing 3 held obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 held punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold past Our class a medieval banquet vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent banquet=Theme
Example 7 Their rules are positively medieval!
nmod:poss nsubj cop advmod punct root Their PRON rules NOUN are AUX positively ADV medieval ADJ ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 rules nmod:poss 2 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 5 medieval nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 medieval cop 4 positively positively ADV _ 5 medieval advmod 5 medieval medieval ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 medieval punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Their rules medieval, positively property tree rules 2 rule Their = they nom rule «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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