melon Who acts: melon, She, farmer, We, you, Tom · What happens: be, cost, cut, sell, weigh, eat · To what, where: big round fruit, Watermelon kinds, 3 dollars, melon, 8 slices, 40 melons
«melon» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: melon in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A melon is a big round or oval fruit with a hard skin and a sweet, juicy inside full of seeds.
The tree, 21 words det nsubj cop det amod amod cc conj case det amod nmod cc det nsubj punct conj advmod conj case obl punct root A DET melon NOUN is AUX a DET big ADJ round ADJ or CCONJ oval ADJ fruit NOUN with ADP a DET hard ADJ skin NOUN and CCONJ a DET sweet ADJ , PUNCT juicy ADJ inside ADV full ADJ of ADP seeds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 melon det 2 melon melon NOUN Number=Sing 9 fruit nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 fruit cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 fruit det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 9 fruit amod 6 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 9 fruit amod 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 oval cc 8 oval oval ADJ Degree=Pos 6 round conj 9 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 with with ADP _ 13 skin case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 skin det 12 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 13 skin amod 13 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 9 fruit nmod 14 and and CCONJ _ 20 full cc 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 full det 16 sweet sweet ADJ Degree=Pos 20 full nsubj 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 juicy punct 18 juicy juicy ADJ Degree=Pos 16 sweet conj 19 inside inside ADV _ 20 full advmod 20 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 13 skin conj 21 of of ADP _ 22 seeds case 22 seeds seed NOUN Number=Plur 20 full obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 9 fruit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a melon a big round fruit with a hard skin tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Watermelon, cantaloupe and honeydew are kinds of melon.
compound punct conj cc conj cop case nmod punct root Watermelon NOUN , PUNCT cantaloupe NOUN and CCONJ honeydew NOUN are AUX kinds NOUN of ADP melon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Watermelon watermelon NOUN Number=Sing 7 kinds compound 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 cantaloupe punct 3 cantaloupe cantaloupe NOUN Number=Sing 1 Watermelon conj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 honeydew cc 5 honeydew honeydew NOUN Number=Sing 1 Watermelon conj 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 kinds cop 7 kinds kind NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 melon case 9 melon melon NOUN Number=Sing 7 kinds nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 kinds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Watermelon kinds of melon tree rules
Example 1 A melon costs 3 dollars.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root A DET melon NOUN costs VERB 3 NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 melon det 2 melon melon NOUN Number=Sing 3 costs nsubj 3 costs cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 dollars nummod 5 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 3 costs obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 costs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present a melon 3 dollars vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value
Example 2 She cut the melon into 8 slices.
nsubj det obj case nummod obl punct root She PRON cut VERB the DET melon NOUN into ADP 8 NUM slices NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 cut nsubj 2 cut cut VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 melon det 4 melon melon NOUN Number=Sing 2 cut obj 5 into into ADP _ 7 slices case 6 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 slices nummod 7 slices slice NOUN Number=Plur 2 cut obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut past She the melon 8 slices vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent melon=Material into slice=Product
Example 3 The farmer sold 40 melons.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET farmer NOUN sold VERB 40 NUM melons NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 3 sold nsubj 3 sold sell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 40 40 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 melons nummod 5 melons melon NOUN Number=Plur 3 sold obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 sold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sell past the farmer 40 melons vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent melon=Theme
Example 4 Each melon weighs 2 kg.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root Each DET melon NOUN weighs VERB 2 NUM kg NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 melon det 2 melon melon NOUN Number=Sing 3 weighs nsubj 3 weighs weigh VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 kg nummod 5 kg kg NOUN Number=Plur 3 weighs obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 weighs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weigh present each melon 2 kg vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kg=Value
Example 5 We ate cold watermelon at the beach.
nsubj amod obj case det obl punct root We PRON ate VERB cold ADJ watermelon NOUN at ADP the DET beach NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 ate nsubj 2 ate eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 4 watermelon amod 4 watermelon watermelon NOUN Number=Sing 2 ate obj 5 at at ADP _ 7 beach case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 beach det 7 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 2 ate obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 ate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat past We cold watermelon the beach vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent watermelon=Patient
Example 6 A melon grows on a long vine on the ground.
det nsubj case det amod obl case det nmod punct root A DET melon NOUN grows VERB on ADP a DET long ADJ vine NOUN on ADP the DET ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 melon det 2 melon melon NOUN Number=Sing 3 grows nsubj 3 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 7 vine case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 vine det 6 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 7 vine amod 7 vine vine NOUN Number=Sing 3 grows obl 8 on on ADP _ 10 ground case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 ground det 10 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 7 vine nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 grows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present a melon a long vine on the ground vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on vine=Location
Example 7 Scoop out the seeds before you eat the melon.
compound:prt det obj mark nsubj advcl det obj punct root Scoop VERB out ADP the DET seeds NOUN before SCONJ you PRON eat VERB the DET melon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scoop scoop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 out out ADP _ 1 Scoop compound:prt 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 seeds det 4 seeds seed NOUN Number=Plur 1 Scoop obj 5 before before SCONJ _ 7 eat mark 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 eat nsubj 7 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Scoop advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 melon det 9 melon melon NOUN Number=Sing 7 eat obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Scoop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scoop out imperative you not said here the seeds vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent seed=Theme 2 eat present you the melon vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent melon=Patient
Example 8 Tom spat a melon seed across the yard.
nsubj det compound obj case det obl punct root Tom PROPN spat VERB a DET melon NOUN seed NOUN across ADP the DET yard NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 2 spat nsubj 2 spat spat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 seed det 4 melon melon NOUN Number=Sing 5 seed compound 5 seed seed NOUN Number=Sing 2 spat obj 6 across across ADP _ 8 yard case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 yard det 8 yard yard NOUN Number=Sing 2 spat obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 spat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spat past Tom a melon seed across the yard tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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