melt Who acts: ice, crowd, you, ice cream, Chocolate, big eyes · What happens: melt, be, mean, soften, disappear, melt away · To what, where: solid, water, heart, snowman, sun., zero degrees · Speech: someone speaks here
«melt» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: melt in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To melt is to change from a solid into a liquid because of heat: ice melts into water.
The tree, 18 words mark csubj cop mark case det obl case det obl case fixed obl punct nsubj conj case obl punct root To PART melt VERB is AUX to PART change VERB from ADP a DET solid NOUN into ADP a DET liquid NOUN because ADP of ADP heat NOUN : PUNCT ice NOUN melts VERB into ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 melt mark 2 melt melt VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 change csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 change cop 4 to to PART _ 5 change mark 5 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 from from ADP _ 8 solid case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 solid det 8 solid solid NOUN Number=Sing 5 change obl 9 into into ADP _ 11 liquid case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 liquid det 11 liquid liquid NOUN Number=Sing 5 change obl 12 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 14 heat case 13 of of ADP _ 12 because fixed 14 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 5 change obl 15 : : PUNCT _ 17 melts punct 16 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 17 melts nsubj 17 melts melt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 change conj 18 into into ADP _ 19 water case 19 water water NOUN Number=Sing 17 melts obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 5 change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is present a solid into a liquid; because heat; change property tree rules 3 melt present ice water vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material into water=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To melt can mean to soften or disappear slowly: «The crowd melted away».
The tree, 13 words mark csubj aux mark xcomp cc conj advmod punct punct det nsubj parataxis advmod punct punct root To PART melt VERB can AUX mean VERB to PART soften VERB or CCONJ disappear VERB slowly ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET crowd NOUN melted VERB away ADV » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 melt mark 2 melt melt VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean csubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 soften mark 6 soften soften VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean xcomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 disappear cc 8 disappear disappear VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 soften conj 9 slowly slowly ADV _ 8 disappear advmod 10 : : PUNCT _ 14 melted punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 14 melted punct 12 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 crowd det 13 crowd crowd NOUN Number=Sing 14 melted nsubj 14 melted melt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 mean parataxis 15 away away ADV _ 14 melted advmod 16 » » PUNCT _ 14 melted punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 mean can vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 soften not said to happen to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 4 disappear infinitive slowly property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 5 melt away in a quote participle the crowd away property vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 To melt someone's heart is to make them feel loving and kind.
mark advcl nmod:poss case obj cop mark obj xcomp xcomp cc conj punct root To PART melt VERB someone PRON 's PART heart NOUN is AUX to PART make VERB them PRON feel VERB loving ADJ and CCONJ kind ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 melt mark 2 melt melt VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 make advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 heart nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 someone case 5 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 2 melt obj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 make cop 7 to to PART _ 8 make mark 8 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 make obj 10 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 make xcomp 11 loving loving ADJ Degree=Pos 10 feel xcomp 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 kind cc 13 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 11 loving conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt to-infinitive someone's heart vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient heart=Result 2 is present make property tree rules 3 feel infinitive loving property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 1 The snowman melted in the sun.
det acl case det obl root The DET snowman NOUN melted VERB in ADP the DET sun. NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 snowman det 2 snowman snowman NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 melted melt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 snowman acl 4 in in ADP _ 6 sun. case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sun. det 6 sun. sun. NOUN Number=Sing 3 melted obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt participle the snowman not said here the sun. vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 Ice melts at zero degrees Celsius.
nsubj case nummod obl nmod:unmarked punct root Ice NOUN melts VERB at ADP zero NUM degrees NOUN Celsius PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 2 melts nsubj 2 melts melt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 5 degrees case 4 zero zero NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 degrees nummod 5 degrees degree NOUN Number=Plur 2 melts obl 6 Celsius Celsius PROPN Number=Sing 5 degrees nmod:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 melts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt present Ice zero degrees Celsius vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 3 Melt the butter in a pan.
det obj case det obl punct root Melt VERB the DET butter NOUN in ADP a DET pan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Melt melt VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 butter det 3 butter butter NOUN Number=Sing 1 Melt obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 pan case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 pan det 6 pan pan NOUN Number=Sing 1 Melt obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Melt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt imperative you not said here the butter a pan vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient butter=Result
Example 4 My ice cream is melting — eat it fast!
nmod:poss compound nsubj aux punct parataxis obj advmod punct root My PRON ice NOUN cream NOUN is AUX melting VERB — PUNCT eat VERB it PRON fast ADV ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 cream nmod:poss 2 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 3 cream compound 3 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing 5 melting nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 melting aux 5 melting melt VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 — - PUNCT _ 7 eat punct 7 eat eat VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 melting parataxis 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 eat obj 9 fast fast ADV Degree=Pos 7 eat advmod 10 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 melting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt present · progressive My ice cream vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 eat infinitive cream fast property vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
Example 5 Chocolate melts in your hand.
nsubj case nmod:poss obl punct root Chocolate NOUN melts VERB in ADP your PRON hand NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 2 melts nsubj 2 melts melt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 hand case 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 hand nmod:poss 5 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 2 melts obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 melts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt present Chocolate your hand vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 6 The puppy's big eyes melted her heart.
det nmod:poss case amod nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET puppy NOUN 's PART big ADJ eyes NOUN melted VERB her PRON heart NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 puppy det 2 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing 5 eyes nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 puppy case 4 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 5 eyes amod 5 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 6 melted nsubj 6 melted melt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 heart nmod:poss 8 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 6 melted obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 melted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt past the puppy's big eyes puppy's heart vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient heart=Result
Example 7 Melting ice at the poles makes sea levels rise.
amod nsubj case det nmod compound nsubj xcomp punct root Melting VERB ice NOUN at ADP the DET poles NOUN makes VERB sea NOUN levels NOUN rise VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Melting melt VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 ice amod 2 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 6 makes nsubj 3 at at ADP _ 5 poles case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 poles det 5 poles pole NOUN Number=Plur 2 ice nmod 6 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 8 levels compound 8 levels level NOUN Number=Plur 9 rise nsubj 9 rise rise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 makes xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt gerund vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 make present Melting ice at the poles tree rules 3 rise present sea levels vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Wax melts when the candle burns.
nsubj mark det nsubj advcl punct root Wax NOUN melts VERB when SCONJ the DET candle NOUN burns VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wax wax NOUN Number=Sing 2 melts nsubj 2 melts melt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 when when SCONJ _ 6 burns mark 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 candle det 5 candle candle NOUN Number=Sing 6 burns nsubj 6 burns burn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 melts advcl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 melts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt present Wax vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 burn present the candle vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 9 Crediting them with a nobler feeling Wendy melted.
csubj obj case det amod obl appos punct root Crediting VERB them PRON with ADP a DET nobler ADJ feeling NOUN Wendy PROPN melted VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crediting credit VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 melted csubj 2 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 1 Crediting obj 3 with with ADP _ 6 feeling case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 feeling det 5 nobler noble ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 feeling amod 6 feeling feeling NOUN Number=Sing 1 Crediting obl 7 Wendy Wendy PROPN Number=Sing 6 feeling appos 8 melted melt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 melted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 credit gerund them = they with a nobler feeling vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent they=Recipient with feeling=Theme 2 melt past Crediting vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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