membrane Who acts: thin layer, that, things, living cell, cell membrane, you · What happens: cover, line, make, let, pass through, stop · To what, where: part, others, living cell, egg, thin membrane, shell
«membrane» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: membrane in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
A very thin layer, like a skin, that covers or lines a part of a living thing or a cell.
The tree, 20 words det advmod amod nsubj punct case det conj punct nsubj cc conj det obj case det compound nmod cc det conj punct root A DET very ADV thin ADJ layer NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET skin NOUN , PUNCT that PRON covers VERB or CCONJ lines VERB a DET part NOUN of ADP a DET living NOUN thing NOUN or CCONJ a DET cell NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 layer det 2 very very ADV _ 3 thin advmod 3 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 4 layer amod 4 layer layer NOUN Number=Sing 11 covers nsubj 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 skin punct 6 like like ADP _ 8 skin case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 skin det 8 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 4 layer conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 covers punct 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 covers nsubj 11 covers cover VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 lines cc 13 lines line VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 covers conj 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 part det 15 part part NOUN Number=Sing 13 lines obj 16 of of ADP _ 19 thing case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 thing det 18 living living NOUN Number=Sing 19 thing compound 19 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 15 part nmod 20 or or CCONJ _ 22 cell cc 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 cell det 22 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 19 thing conj 23 . . PUNCT _ 11 covers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover present a thin layer and a skin vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme 2 line present a thin layer and a skin not said here a part of a living thing or a cell vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme part=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A thin sheet of material, natural or man-made, that lets some things pass through and stops others.
The tree, 18 words det amod parataxis case nmod punct amod cc compound punct conj punct nsubj det nsubj ccomp advmod cc conj obj punct root A DET thin ADJ sheet NOUN of ADP material NOUN , PUNCT natural ADJ or CCONJ man NOUN - PUNCT made VERB , PUNCT that PRON lets VERB some DET things NOUN pass VERB through ADV and CCONJ stops VERB others NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 sheet det 2 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sheet amod 3 sheet sheet NOUN Number=Sing 14 lets parataxis 4 of of ADP _ 5 material case 5 material material NOUN Number=Sing 3 sheet nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 natural punct 7 natural natural ADJ Degree=Pos 5 material amod 8 or or CCONJ _ 11 made cc 9 man man NOUN Number=Sing 11 made compound 10 - - PUNCT _ 9 man punct 11 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 natural conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 lets punct 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 lets nsubj 14 lets let VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 15 some some DET PronType=Ind 16 things det 16 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 17 pass nsubj 17 pass pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 lets ccomp 18 through through ADV _ 17 pass advmod 19 and and CCONJ _ 20 stops cc 20 stops stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 lets conj 21 others other NOUN Number=Plur 20 stops obj 22 . . PUNCT _ 14 lets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make participle that not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 2 let present that tree rules 3 pass through present some things through property vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 stop present that not said here others vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality other=Eventuality
Meaning 3 The cell membrane: the thin outer layer around every living cell that controls what goes in and out.
The tree, 18 words det compound nsubj punct det amod amod nsubj case det compound nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj advmod cc conj punct root The DET cell NOUN membrane NOUN : PUNCT the DET thin ADJ outer ADJ layer NOUN around ADP every DET living NOUN cell NOUN that PRON controls VERB what PRON goes VERB in ADV and CCONJ out ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 membrane det 2 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 3 membrane compound 3 membrane membrane NOUN Number=Sing 16 goes nsubj 4 : : PUNCT _ 8 layer punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 layer det 6 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 8 layer amod 7 outer outer ADJ Degree=Pos 8 layer amod 8 layer layer NOUN Number=Sing 16 goes nsubj 9 around around ADP _ 12 cell case 10 every every DET PronType=Tot 12 cell det 11 living living NOUN Number=Sing 12 cell compound 12 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 8 layer nmod 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 controls nsubj 14 controls control VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 cell acl:relcl 15 what what PRON PronType=Int 14 controls obj 16 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 17 in in ADV _ 16 goes advmod 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 out cc 19 out out ADV _ 17 in conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 16 goes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 control present every living cell every living cell vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme 2 go present the cell membrane vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The cell membrane controls what goes in and out of the cell.
det compound nsubj nsubj ccomp advmod cc case case det conj punct root The DET cell NOUN membrane NOUN controls VERB what PRON goes VERB in ADV and CCONJ out ADP of ADP the DET cell NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 membrane det 2 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 3 membrane compound 3 membrane membrane NOUN Number=Sing 4 controls nsubj 4 controls control VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 what what PRON PronType=Int 6 goes nsubj 6 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 controls ccomp 7 in in ADV _ 6 goes advmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 12 cell cc 9 out out ADP _ 12 cell case 10 of of ADP _ 12 cell case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 cell det 12 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 7 in conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 controls punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 control present the cell membrane vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 go present vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 Peel the egg carefully and you will see a thin membrane under the shell.
The tree, 14 words det obj advmod cc nsubj aux conj det amod obj case det obl punct root Peel VERB the DET egg NOUN carefully ADV and CCONJ you PRON will AUX see VERB a DET thin ADJ membrane NOUN under ADP the DET shell NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Peel peel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 egg det 3 egg egg NOUN Number=Sing 1 Peel obj 4 carefully carefully ADV _ 1 Peel advmod 5 and and CCONJ _ 8 see cc 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 see nsubj 7 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 see aux 8 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Peel conj 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 membrane det 10 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 11 membrane amod 11 membrane membrane NOUN Number=Sing 8 see obj 12 under under ADP _ 14 shell case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 shell det 14 shell shell NOUN Number=Sing 8 see obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 1 Peel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 peel imperative you not said here the egg carefully property vn pit-10.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Source 2 see future you a thin membrane the shell vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer membrane=Stimulus
Example 3 The eardrum is a membrane that shakes when sound hits it.
det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl mark nsubj advcl obj punct root The DET eardrum NOUN is AUX a DET membrane NOUN that PRON shakes VERB when SCONJ sound NOUN hits VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 eardrum det 2 eardrum eardrum NOUN Number=Sing 5 membrane nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 membrane cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 membrane det 5 membrane membrane NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 shakes nsubj 7 shakes shake VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 membrane acl:relcl 8 when when SCONJ _ 10 hits mark 9 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 10 hits nsubj 10 hits hit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 shakes advcl 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 hits obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 membrane punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the eardrum a membrane tree rules 2 shake present a membrane vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient 3 hit present sound eardrum vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme
Example 4 A frog has a membrane that covers its eyes underwater.
det nsubj det obj nsubj acl:relcl nmod:poss obj advmod punct root A DET frog NOUN has VERB a DET membrane NOUN that PRON covers VERB its PRON eyes NOUN underwater ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 frog det 2 frog frog NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 membrane det 5 membrane membrane NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 covers nsubj 7 covers cover VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 membrane acl:relcl 8 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 eyes nmod:poss 9 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 7 covers obj 10 underwater underwater ADV _ 7 covers advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a frog a membrane vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent membrane=Patient 2 cover present a membrane frog's eyes underwater property vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme eye=Destination
Example 5 Bats' wings are made of a stretchy membrane of skin.
nmod:poss case nsubj:pass aux:pass case det amod obl case nmod punct root Bats NOUN ' PART wings NOUN are AUX made VERB of ADP a DET stretchy ADJ membrane NOUN of ADP skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bats bat NOUN Number=Plur 3 wings nmod:poss 2 ' 's PART _ 1 Bats case 3 wings wing NOUN Number=Plur 5 made nsubj:pass 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 made aux:pass 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 membrane case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 membrane det 8 stretchy stretchy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 membrane amod 9 membrane membrane NOUN Number=Sing 5 made obl 10 of of ADP _ 11 skin case 11 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 9 membrane nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Bats's wings of a stretchy membrane of skin vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 6 The builder put a plastic membrane under the concrete to keep out damp.
det nsubj det amod obj case det obl mark advcl compound:prt xcomp punct root The DET builder NOUN put VERB a DET plastic ADJ membrane NOUN under ADP the DET concrete NOUN to PART keep VERB out ADP damp ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 builder det 2 builder builder NOUN Number=Sing 3 put nsubj 3 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 membrane det 5 plastic plastic ADJ Degree=Pos 6 membrane amod 6 membrane membrane NOUN Number=Sing 3 put obj 7 under under ADP _ 9 concrete case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 concrete det 9 concrete concrete NOUN Number=Sing 3 put obl 10 to to PART _ 11 keep mark 11 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 put advcl 12 out out ADP _ 11 keep compound:prt 13 damp damp ADJ Degree=Pos 11 keep xcomp 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put past the builder a plastic membrane the concrete vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent membrane=Theme under concrete=Destination 2 keep out to-infinitive the builder not said here damp property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 7 Your nose is lined with a wet membrane that traps dust.
nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass case det amod obl nsubj acl:relcl obj punct root Your PRON nose NOUN is AUX lined VERB with ADP a DET wet ADJ membrane NOUN that PRON traps VERB dust NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 nose nmod:poss 2 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 4 lined nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 lined aux:pass 4 lined line VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 8 membrane case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 membrane det 7 wet wet ADJ Degree=Pos 8 membrane amod 8 membrane membrane NOUN Number=Sing 4 lined obl 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 traps nsubj 10 traps trap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 membrane acl:relcl 11 dust dust NOUN Number=Sing 10 traps obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 lined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 line present · passive Your nose with a wet membrane vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with membrane=Theme 2 trap present a wet membrane dust vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dust=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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