message Who acts: information, story, main idea, Mum, I, you · What happens: send, leave, write, want, tell, say · To what, where: words, chat note, phone, main idea, text message, someone · Speech: someone speaks here
«message» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: message in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A piece of information that someone sends or leaves for another person, in words, writing or on a phone.
The tree, 19 words det case nmod nsubj nsubj acl:relcl cc conj case det obl punct case obl punct conj cc case det conj punct root A DET piece NOUN of ADP information NOUN that PRON someone PRON sends VERB or CCONJ leaves VERB for ADP another DET person NOUN , PUNCT in ADP words NOUN , PUNCT writing VERB or CCONJ on ADP a DET phone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 piece det 2 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 4 information case 4 information information NOUN Number=Sing 2 piece nmod 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 sends nsubj 6 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 sends nsubj 7 sends send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 information acl:relcl 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 leaves cc 9 leaves leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 sends conj 10 for for ADP _ 12 person case 11 another another DET PronType=Ind 12 person det 12 person person NOUN Number=Sing 9 leaves obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 words punct 14 in in ADP _ 15 words case 15 words word NOUN Number=Plur 7 sends obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 writing punct 17 writing write VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 sends conj 18 or or CCONJ _ 21 phone cc 19 on on ADP _ 21 phone case 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 phone det 21 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 17 writing conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 piece punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send present information words vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in word=Destination 2 leave present information not said here for another person vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for person=Recipient 3 write gerund information not said here vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A text, email or chat note sent on a phone or computer.
det punct conj cc compound conj acl case det obl cc conj punct root A DET text NOUN , PUNCT email NOUN or CCONJ chat NOUN note NOUN sent VERB on ADP a DET phone NOUN or CCONJ computer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 text det 2 text text NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 email punct 4 email email NOUN Number=Sing 2 text conj 5 or or CCONJ _ 7 note cc 6 chat chat NOUN Number=Sing 7 note compound 7 note note NOUN Number=Sing 4 email conj 8 sent send VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 note acl 9 on on ADP _ 11 phone case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 phone det 11 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 8 sent obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 computer cc 13 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 11 phone conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 text punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send participle chat note not said here a phone or computer vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 The main idea or lesson that a story, film or poem wants to tell.
The tree, 14 words det amod cc conj mark det nsubj punct conj cc conj acl mark xcomp punct root The DET main ADJ idea NOUN or CCONJ lesson NOUN that SCONJ a DET story NOUN , PUNCT film NOUN or CCONJ poem NOUN wants VERB to PART tell VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 idea det 2 main main ADJ Degree=Pos 3 idea amod 3 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 lesson cc 5 lesson lesson NOUN Number=Sing 3 idea conj 6 that that SCONJ _ 13 wants mark 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 story det 8 story story NOUN Number=Sing 13 wants nsubj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 film punct 10 film film NOUN Number=Sing 8 story conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 poem cc 12 poem poem NOUN Number=Sing 8 story conj 13 wants want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 idea acl 14 to to PART _ 15 tell mark 15 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 wants xcomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 idea punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present a story and film or poem the main idea or lesson not said here tree rules 2 tell speech: assert not said to happen to-infinitive the main idea or lesson not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 Verb (informal): to send someone a text message.
punct appos punct punct mark conj obj det compound obj punct root Verb NOUN ( PUNCT informal ADJ ) PUNCT : PUNCT to PART send VERB someone PRON a DET text NOUN message NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Verb verb NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 3 informal informal ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Verb appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 send punct 6 to to PART _ 7 send mark 7 send send VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Verb conj 8 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 send obj 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 message det 10 text text NOUN Number=Sing 11 message compound 11 message message NOUN Number=Sing 7 send obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Verb punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send to-infinitive a text message someone vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent someone=Destination message=Theme
Example 1 Mum sent me a message to say she was late.
nsubj obj det obj mark advcl nsubj cop ccomp punct root Mum NOUN sent VERB me PRON a DET message NOUN to PART say VERB she PRON was AUX late ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 sent nsubj 2 sent send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sent obj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 message det 5 message message NOUN Number=Sing 2 sent obj 6 to to PART _ 7 say mark 7 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 sent advcl 8 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 late nsubj 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 late cop 10 late late ADJ Degree=Pos 7 say ccomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past Mum a message me vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Destination message=Theme 2 say speech: assert to-infinitive Mum not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 3 is past Mum late property tree rules
Example 2 Can I take a message for your dad?
aux nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Can AUX I PRON take VERB a DET message NOUN for ADP your PRON dad NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 take aux 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 take nsubj 3 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 message det 5 message message NOUN Number=Sing 3 take obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 dad case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 dad nmod:poss 8 dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 3 take obl 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take can I a message for your dad vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent message=Theme for dad=Beneficiary
Example 3 Don't reply to messages from strangers online.
aux advmod case obl case obl advmod punct root Do AUX n't PART reply VERB to ADP messages NOUN from ADP strangers NOUN online ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 reply aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 reply advmod 3 reply reply VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 5 messages case 5 messages message NOUN Number=Plur 3 reply obl 6 from from ADP _ 7 strangers case 7 strangers stranger NOUN Number=Plur 3 reply obl 8 online online ADV _ 3 reply advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 reply punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not reply speech: assert imperative · do-support you not said here strangers to messages; online property vn respond-113 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to message=Theme
Example 4 The message of the fable is that slow and steady wins the race.
det nsubj case det nmod cop nsubj cc nsubj conj det obj punct root The DET message NOUN of ADP the DET fable NOUN is AUX that PRON slow ADJ and CCONJ steady ADJ wins VERB the DET race NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 message det 2 message message NOUN Number=Sing 8 slow nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 fable case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 fable det 5 fable fable NOUN Number=Sing 2 message nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 slow cop 7 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 8 slow nsubj 8 slow slow ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 and and CCONJ _ 11 wins cc 10 steady steady ADJ Degree=Pos 11 wins nsubj 11 wins win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 slow conj 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 race det 13 race race NOUN Number=Sing 11 wins obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 slow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the message of the fable slow property tree rules 2 win present steady the race vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality
Example 5 Nerves carry messages from your brain to your muscles.
nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl case nmod:poss obl punct root Nerves NOUN carry VERB messages NOUN from ADP your PRON brain NOUN to ADP your PRON muscles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nerves nerve NOUN Number=Plur 2 carry nsubj 2 carry carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 messages message NOUN Number=Plur 2 carry obj 4 from from ADP _ 6 brain case 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 brain nmod:poss 6 brain brain NOUN Number=Sing 2 carry obl 7 to to ADP _ 9 muscles case 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 muscles nmod:poss 9 muscles muscle NOUN Number=Plur 2 carry obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 carry punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry present Nerves messages your brain to your muscles vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent message=Theme from brain=Initial_Location to muscle=Destination
Example 6 I left a message on Grandma's phone.
nsubj det obj case nmod:poss case obl punct root I PRON left VERB a DET message NOUN on ADP Grandma PROPN 's PART phone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 left nsubj 2 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 message det 4 message message NOUN Number=Sing 2 left obj 5 on on ADP _ 8 phone case 6 Grandma Grandma PROPN Number=Sing 8 phone nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 Grandma case 8 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 2 left obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past I a message Grandma's phone vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent message=Theme on phone=Location
Example 7 She messaged me after school.
nsubj obj case obl punct root She PRON messaged VERB me PRON after ADP school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 messaged nsubj 2 messaged message VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 messaged obj 4 after after ADP _ 5 school case 5 school school NOUN Number=Sing 2 messaged obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 messaged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 message past She me after school tree rules
Example 8 The message in the bottle was found on the beach.
det nsubj:pass case det nmod aux:pass case det obl punct root The DET message NOUN in ADP the DET bottle NOUN was AUX found VERB on ADP the DET beach NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 message det 2 message message NOUN Number=Sing 7 found nsubj:pass 3 in in ADP _ 5 bottle case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bottle det 5 bottle bottle NOUN Number=Sing 2 message nmod 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 found aux:pass 7 found find VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 on on ADP _ 10 beach case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 beach det 10 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 7 found obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past · passive the message in the bottle the beach vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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