ming Who acts: Míng, Ming dynasty, emperors, dynasty, we, Ming · What happens: mean, be, rule, build, see, ming · To what, where: bright, part, family, China, much, Great Wall · Speech: someone speaks here
«ming» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ming in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: Mandarin, pinyin — kept apart, not parsed.
«Míng» means «bright» or «clear» in Mandarin Chinese and is part of words like «míngtiān» (tomorrow) and «míngzi» (name).
The tree, 19 words punct nsubj punct punct obj punct cc punct conj punct case obl flat cc cop conj case nmod case punct nmod punct punct appos punct cc punct conj punct punct appos punct punct root « PUNCT Míng PROPN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT bright ADJ » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT clear ADJ » PUNCT in ADP Mandarin PROPN Chinese PROPN and CCONJ is AUX part NOUN of ADP words NOUN like ADP « PUNCT míngtiān NOUN » PUNCT ( PUNCT tomorrow NOUN ) PUNCT and CCONJ « PUNCT míngzi NOUN » PUNCT ( PUNCT name NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Míng punct 2 Míng Míng PROPN Number=Sing 4 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Míng punct 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 bright punct 6 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 4 means obj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 bright punct 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 clear cc 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 clear punct 10 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bright conj 11 » » PUNCT _ 6 bright punct 12 in in ADP _ 13 Mandarin case 13 Mandarin Mandarin PROPN Number=Sing 4 means obl 14 Chinese Chinese PROPN Number=Sing 13 Mandarin flat 15 and and CCONJ _ 17 part cc 16 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 part cop 17 part part NOUN Number=Sing 4 means conj 18 of of ADP _ 19 words case 19 words word NOUN Number=Plur 17 part nmod 20 like like ADP _ 22 míngtiān case 21 « « PUNCT _ 22 míngtiān punct 22 míngtiān míngtiān NOUN Number=Sing 19 words nmod 23 » » PUNCT _ 22 míngtiān punct 24 ( ( PUNCT _ 25 tomorrow punct 25 tomorrow tomorrow NOUN Number=Sing 22 míngtiān appos 26 ) ) PUNCT _ 25 tomorrow punct 27 and and CCONJ _ 29 míngzi cc 28 « « PUNCT _ 29 míngzi punct 29 míngzi míngzi NOUN Number=Sing 22 míngtiān conj 30 » » PUNCT _ 17 part punct 31 ( ( PUNCT _ 32 name punct 32 name name NOUN Number=Sing 17 part appos 33 ) ) PUNCT _ 32 name punct 34 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Míng bright in Mandarin vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot bright=Theme in mandarin=Attribute 2 is a present Míng not said here part of words like míngtiān and míngzi tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.
The Ming dynasty was a family of emperors who ruled China for nearly three hundred years; it is famous for blue-and-white porcelain and for building much of the Great Wall we see today.
The tree, 35 words det compound nsubj cop det case nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj case advmod compound nummod obl punct nsubj cop amod case amod punct cc punct conj obl cc mark conj obj case det amod nmod nsubj acl:relcl obl:unmarked punct root The DET Ming PROPN dynasty NOUN was AUX a DET family NOUN of ADP emperors NOUN who PRON ruled VERB China PROPN for ADP nearly ADV three NUM hundred NUM years NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX famous ADJ for ADP blue ADJ - PUNCT and CCONJ - PUNCT white ADJ porcelain NOUN and CCONJ for SCONJ building VERB much ADJ of ADP the DET Great ADJ Wall PROPN we PRON see VERB today NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 dynasty det 2 Ming Ming PROPN Number=Sing 3 dynasty compound 3 dynasty dynasty NOUN Number=Sing 6 family nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 family cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 family det 6 family family NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 emperors case 8 emperors emperor NOUN Number=Plur 6 family nmod 9 who who PRON PronType=Rel 10 ruled nsubj 10 ruled rule VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 emperors acl:relcl 11 China China PROPN Number=Sing 10 ruled obj 12 for for ADP _ 16 years case 13 nearly nearly ADV _ 15 hundred advmod 14 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 15 hundred compound 15 hundred hundred NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 16 years nummod 16 years year NOUN Number=Plur 10 ruled obl 17 ; ; PUNCT _ 20 famous punct 18 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 20 famous nsubj 19 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 famous cop 20 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 6 family amod 21 for for ADP _ 27 porcelain case 22 blue blue ADJ Degree=Pos 27 porcelain amod 23 - - PUNCT _ 22 blue punct 24 and and CCONJ _ 26 white cc 25 - - PUNCT _ 24 and punct 26 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 22 blue conj 27 porcelain porcelain NOUN Number=Sing 20 famous obl 28 and and CCONJ _ 30 building cc 29 for for SCONJ _ 30 building mark 30 building build VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 20 famous conj 31 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 30 building obj 32 of of ADP _ 35 Wall case 33 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 35 Wall det 34 Great great ADJ Degree=Pos 35 Wall amod 35 Wall Wall PROPN Number=Sing 31 much nmod 36 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 37 see nsubj 37 see see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 35 Wall acl:relcl 38 today today NOUN Number=Sing 37 see obl:unmarked 39 . . PUNCT _ 6 family punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the Ming dynasty a family of emperors tree rules 2 rule past emperors China year vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent china=Result 3 is present dynasty for blue porcelain; famous property tree rules 4 build gerund dynasty not said here much of the Great Wall vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset much=Product 5 see present we the Great Wall not said here today vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wall=Stimulus
Meaning 3 Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.
Ming is a Chinese personal name or part of one.
nsubj cop det amod amod cc conj case nmod punct root Ming PROPN is AUX a DET Chinese ADJ personal ADJ name NOUN or CCONJ part NOUN of ADP one NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ming Ming PROPN Number=Sing 6 name nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 name cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 name det 4 Chinese Chinese ADJ Degree=Pos 6 name amod 5 personal personal ADJ Degree=Pos 6 name amod 6 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 part cc 8 part part NOUN Number=Sing 6 name conj 9 of of ADP _ 10 one case 10 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 part nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Ming a Chinese personal name or part of one tree rules
Meaning 4 Usage: UK slang — kept apart, not parsed.
«Minging» means disgusting; «ming» is rarely heard on its own. To an English ear it sounds just like it is spelt, «ming».
Sentence 1: «Minging» means disgusting; «ming» is rarely heard on its own.
The tree, 10 words punct csubj punct xcomp punct punct nsubj:pass punct aux:pass advmod parataxis case nmod:poss obl punct root « PUNCT Minging VERB » PUNCT means VERB disgusting ADJ ; PUNCT « PUNCT ming NOUN » PUNCT is AUX rarely ADV heard VERB on ADP its PRON own ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Minging punct 2 Minging ming VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 means csubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Minging punct 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 disgusting disgusting ADJ Degree=Pos 4 means xcomp 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 12 heard punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 ming punct 8 ming ming NOUN Number=Sing 12 heard nsubj:pass 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 ming punct 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 heard aux:pass 11 rarely rarely ADV _ 12 heard advmod 12 heard hear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 means parataxis 13 on on ADP _ 15 own case 14 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 own nmod:poss 15 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 12 heard obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ming in a quote gerund tree rules 2 mean present Minging disgusting property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 hear present · passive ming ming's own rarely property vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus
Sentence 2: To an English ear it sounds just like it is spelt, «ming».
The tree, 12 words case det amod obl nsubj advmod case nsubj cop obl punct punct appos punct punct root To ADP an DET English ADJ ear NOUN it PRON sounds VERB just ADV like ADP it PRON is AUX spelt NOUN , PUNCT « PUNCT ming NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to ADP _ 4 ear case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 ear det 3 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 4 ear amod 4 ear ear NOUN Number=Sing 6 sounds obl 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 sounds nsubj 6 sounds sound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 just just ADV _ 11 spelt advmod 8 like like ADP _ 11 spelt case 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 spelt nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 spelt cop 11 spelt spelt NOUN Number=Sing 6 sounds obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 ming punct 13 « « PUNCT _ 14 ming punct 14 ming ming NOUN Number=Sing 11 spelt appos 15 » » PUNCT _ 14 ming punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 sounds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sound present ear to a English ear vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to ear=Experiencer 2 is present ear like spelt tree rules
Example 1 In Mandarin, «míngtiān» means «tomorrow».
case obl punct punct nsubj punct punct parataxis punct punct root In ADP Mandarin PROPN , PUNCT « PUNCT míngtiān NOUN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT tomorrow NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Mandarin case 2 Mandarin Mandarin PROPN Number=Sing 7 means obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 míngtiān punct 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 míngtiān punct 5 míngtiān míngtiān NOUN Number=Sing 7 means nsubj 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 míngtiān punct 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 « « PUNCT _ 9 tomorrow punct 9 tomorrow tomorrow NOUN Number=Sing 7 means parataxis 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 tomorrow punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present míngtiān Mandarin vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Example 2 «Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi?» means «What is your name?»
The tree, 9 words punct nsubj dep compound obj punct punct punct nsubj cop nmod:poss obj punct punct root « PUNCT Nǐ PROPN jiào X shénme NOUN míngzi NOUN ? PUNCT » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT What PRON is AUX your PRON name NOUN ? PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Nǐ punct 2 Nǐ Nǐ PROPN Number=Sing 8 means nsubj 3 jiào jiào X Foreign=Yes 2 Nǐ dep 4 shénme shénme NOUN Number=Sing 5 míngzi compound 5 míngzi míngzi NOUN Number=Sing 3 jiào obj 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 Nǐ punct 7 » » PUNCT _ 2 Nǐ punct 8 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 « « PUNCT _ 13 name punct 10 What what PRON PronType=Int 13 name nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 name cop 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 name nmod:poss 13 name name NOUN Number=Sing 8 means obj 14 ? ? PUNCT _ 13 name punct 15 » » PUNCT _ 13 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Nǐ vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 is a in a quote present your name tree rules
Example 3 The museum had a blue-and-white Ming vase.
det nsubj det amod punct cc punct conj compound obj punct root The DET museum NOUN had VERB a DET blue ADJ - PUNCT and CCONJ - PUNCT white ADJ Ming PROPN vase NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 museum det 2 museum museum NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 vase det 5 blue blue ADJ Degree=Pos 11 vase amod 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 blue punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 white cc 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 and punct 9 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 5 blue conj 10 Ming Ming PROPN Number=Sing 11 vase compound 11 vase vase NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the museum a blue Ming vase vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vase=Patient
Example 4 Much of the Great Wall that tourists visit was built under the Ming emperors.
The tree, 14 words nsubj:pass case det amod nmod obj nsubj acl:relcl aux:pass case det compound obl punct root Much ADJ of ADP the DET Great ADJ Wall PROPN that PRON tourists NOUN visit VERB was AUX built VERB under ADP the DET Ming PROPN emperors NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Much much ADJ Degree=Pos 10 built nsubj:pass 2 of of ADP _ 5 Wall case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Wall det 4 Great great ADJ Degree=Pos 5 Wall amod 5 Wall Wall PROPN Number=Sing 1 Much nmod 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 visit obj 7 tourists tourist NOUN Number=Plur 8 visit nsubj 8 visit visit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 Wall acl:relcl 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 built aux:pass 10 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 11 under under ADP _ 14 emperors case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 emperors det 13 Ming Ming PROPN Number=Sing 14 emperors compound 14 emperors emperor NOUN Number=Plur 10 built obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 10 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 visit present tourists the Great Wall vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Co-Agent 2 build past · passive Much of the Great Wall under the Ming emperors vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 5 My friend Ming sits next to me in maths.
nmod:poss nsubj appos advmod case obl case obl punct root My PRON friend NOUN Ming PROPN sits VERB next ADV to ADP me PRON in ADP maths NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friend nmod:poss 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 4 sits nsubj 3 Ming Ming PROPN Number=Sing 2 friend appos 4 sits sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 next next ADV _ 4 sits advmod 6 to to ADP _ 7 me case 7 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 sits obl 8 in in ADP _ 9 maths case 9 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 4 sits obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 sits punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit present My friend me maths next property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in math=Location
Example 6 The Ming dynasty came after the Mongol rulers of China.
det compound nsubj case det compound obl case nmod punct root The DET Ming PROPN dynasty NOUN came VERB after ADP the DET Mongol PROPN rulers NOUN of ADP China PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 dynasty det 2 Ming Ming PROPN Number=Sing 3 dynasty compound 3 dynasty dynasty NOUN Number=Sing 4 came nsubj 4 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 after after ADP _ 8 rulers case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 rulers det 7 Mongol Mongol PROPN Number=Sing 8 rulers compound 8 rulers ruler NOUN Number=Plur 4 came obl 9 of of ADP _ 10 China case 10 China China PROPN Number=Sing 8 rulers nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past the Ming dynasty after the Mongol rulers of China vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Pinyin «ming» sounds the same as it looks in English.
nsubj punct appos punct det obj mark nsubj advcl case obl punct root Pinyin PROPN « PUNCT ming NOUN » PUNCT sounds VERB the DET same ADJ as SCONJ it PRON looks VERB in ADP English PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pinyin Pinyin PROPN Number=Sing 5 sounds nsubj 2 « « PUNCT _ 3 ming punct 3 ming ming NOUN Number=Sing 1 Pinyin appos 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 ming punct 5 sounds sound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 same det 7 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 5 sounds obj 8 as as SCONJ _ 10 looks mark 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 looks nsubj 10 looks look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sounds advcl 11 in in ADP _ 12 English case 12 English English PROPN Number=Sing 10 looks obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 sounds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sound present Pinyin the same vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location same=Theme 2 look present ming in English vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in english=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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