misunderstanding Who acts: failure, We, misunderstanding, I, whole argument, Texts · What happens: understand, be, cause, not understand, have, say · To what, where: something, misunderstanding, small disagreement, each, little misunderstanding, three o'clock · Speech: someone speaks here
«misunderstanding» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: misunderstanding in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A failure to understand something correctly: «There was a misunderstanding about the time».
The tree, 13 words det nsubj mark acl obj advmod punct punct expl cop det case det nmod punct punct root A DET failure NOUN to PART understand VERB something PRON correctly ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT There PRON was AUX a DET misunderstanding NOUN about ADP the DET time NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 failure det 2 failure failure NOUN Number=Sing 12 misunderstanding nsubj 3 to to PART _ 4 understand mark 4 understand understand VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 failure acl 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 understand obj 6 correctly correctly ADV _ 4 understand advmod 7 : : PUNCT _ 10 was punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 10 was punct 9 There there PRON PronType=Dem 10 was expl 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 misunderstanding cop 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 misunderstanding det 12 misunderstanding misunderstanding NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 about about ADP _ 15 time case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 time det 15 time time NOUN Number=Sing 12 misunderstanding nmod 16 » » PUNCT _ 12 misunderstanding punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 12 misunderstanding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand to-infinitive a failure not said here something correctly property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus 2 is a in a quote past a failure a misunderstanding time tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A small disagreement or argument, often caused by not understanding each other: «We had a little misunderstanding».
The tree, 17 words det amod nsubj:pass cc conj punct advmod mark advmod advcl obj fixed punct punct nsubj conj det amod obj punct punct root A DET small ADJ disagreement NOUN or CCONJ argument NOUN , PUNCT often ADV caused VERB by SCONJ not PART understanding VERB each DET other ADJ : PUNCT « PUNCT We PRON had VERB a DET little ADJ misunderstanding NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 disagreement det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 3 disagreement amod 3 disagreement disagreement NOUN Number=Sing 8 caused nsubj:pass 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 argument cc 5 argument argument NOUN Number=Sing 3 disagreement conj 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 caused punct 7 often often ADV _ 8 caused advmod 8 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 by by SCONJ _ 11 understanding mark 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 understanding advmod 11 understanding understand VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 caused advcl 12 each each DET ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp 11 understanding obj 13 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 12 each fixed 14 : : PUNCT _ 17 had punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 17 had punct 16 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 17 had nsubj 17 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 caused conj 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 misunderstanding det 19 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 20 misunderstanding amod 20 misunderstanding misunderstanding NOUN Number=Sing 17 had obj 21 » » PUNCT _ 17 had punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 8 caused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause participle · passive a small disagreement or argument often property vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 not understand gerund each vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer each=Stimulus 3 have in a quote past We a little misunderstanding vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent misunderstanding=Patient
Example 1 There must be a misunderstanding – I said three o'clock, not two.
expl aux parataxis det nsubj punct nsubj nummod obj punct advmod appos punct root There PRON must AUX be VERB a DET misunderstanding NOUN – PUNCT I PRON said VERB three NUM o'clock NOUN , PUNCT not PART two NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 3 be expl 2 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 be aux 3 be be VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 said parataxis 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 misunderstanding det 5 misunderstanding misunderstanding NOUN Number=Sing 3 be nsubj 6 – - PUNCT _ 8 said punct 7 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 said nsubj 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 o'clock nummod 10 o'clock o'clock NOUN Number=Sing 8 said obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 two punct 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 two advmod 13 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 o'clock appos 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be must a misunderstanding there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 say speech: assert past I three o'clock vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent o'clock=Topic
Example 2 We cleared up the misunderstanding by talking.
nsubj compound:prt det obj mark advcl punct root We PRON cleared VERB up ADP the DET misunderstanding NOUN by SCONJ talking VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 cleared nsubj 2 cleared clear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 cleared compound:prt 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 misunderstanding det 5 misunderstanding misunderstanding NOUN Number=Sing 2 cleared obj 6 by by SCONJ _ 7 talking mark 7 talking talk VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 cleared advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 cleared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 clear up past We the misunderstanding vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent misunderstanding=Source 2 talk gerund We not said here vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The whole argument was a misunderstanding.
det amod nsubj cop det punct root The DET whole ADJ argument NOUN was AUX a DET misunderstanding NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 argument det 2 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 3 argument amod 3 argument argument NOUN Number=Sing 6 misunderstanding nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 misunderstanding cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 misunderstanding det 6 misunderstanding misunderstanding NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 misunderstanding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the whole argument a misunderstanding tree rules
Example 4 A misunderstanding over the rules ended the game early.
det nsubj case det nmod det obj advmod punct root A DET misunderstanding NOUN over ADP the DET rules NOUN ended VERB the DET game NOUN early ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 misunderstanding det 2 misunderstanding misunderstanding NOUN Number=Sing 6 ended nsubj 3 over over ADP _ 5 rules case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 rules det 5 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 2 misunderstanding nmod 6 ended end VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 game det 8 game game NOUN Number=Sing 6 ended obj 9 early early ADV Degree=Pos 6 ended advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 ended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 end past a misunderstanding over the rules the game early property vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality game=Eventuality
Example 5 Texts can lead to misunderstandings because you can't hear the voice.
nsubj aux case obl mark nsubj aux advmod advcl det obj punct root Texts NOUN can AUX lead VERB to ADP misunderstandings NOUN because SCONJ you PRON ca AUX n't PART hear VERB the DET voice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Texts text NOUN Number=Plur 3 lead nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 lead aux 3 lead lead VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 to to ADP _ 5 misunderstandings case 5 misunderstandings misunderstanding NOUN Number=Plur 3 lead obl 6 because because SCONJ _ 10 hear mark 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 hear nsubj 8 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 hear aux 9 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 10 hear advmod 10 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 lead advcl 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 voice det 12 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 10 hear obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 lead punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lead can Texts to misunderstandings vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to misunderstanding=Patient 2 not hear can you the voice vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus
Example 6 The comedy is full of misunderstandings and mixed-up identities.
det nsubj cop case obl cc amod punct compound:prt conj punct root The DET comedy NOUN is AUX full ADJ of ADP misunderstandings NOUN and CCONJ mixed VERB - PUNCT up ADP identities NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 comedy det 2 comedy comedy NOUN Number=Sing 4 full nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 full cop 4 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 misunderstandings case 6 misunderstandings misunderstanding NOUN Number=Plur 4 full obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 11 identities cc 8 mixed mix VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 identities amod 9 - - PUNCT _ 10 up punct 10 up up ADP _ 8 mixed compound:prt 11 identities identity NOUN Number=Plur 6 misunderstandings conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the comedy of misunderstandings and mixed identities; full property tree rules 2 mix up participle vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Example 7 «Sorry, I think we had a misunderstanding.»
punct discourse punct nsubj nsubj ccomp det obj punct punct root « PUNCT Sorry INTJ , PUNCT I PRON think VERB we PRON had VERB a DET misunderstanding NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 think punct 2 Sorry sorry INTJ _ 5 think discourse 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Sorry punct 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 think nsubj 5 think think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 had nsubj 7 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 think ccomp 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 misunderstanding det 9 misunderstanding misunderstanding NOUN Number=Sing 7 had obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 think punct 11 » » PUNCT _ 5 think punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other in a quote present I vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 have in a quote past we a misunderstanding vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent misunderstanding=Patient
Example 8 A misunderstanding in maths: he thought «product» meant add, not multiply.
The tree, 11 words det nsubj case nmod punct nsubj punct nsubj punct ccomp xcomp punct advmod conj punct root A DET misunderstanding NOUN in ADP maths NOUN : PUNCT he PRON thought VERB « PUNCT product NOUN » PUNCT meant VERB add VERB , PUNCT not PART multiply VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 misunderstanding det 2 misunderstanding misunderstanding NOUN Number=Sing 7 thought nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 4 maths case 4 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 2 misunderstanding nmod 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 thought punct 6 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 thought nsubj 7 thought think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 « « PUNCT _ 9 product punct 9 product product NOUN Number=Sing 11 meant nsubj 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 product punct 11 meant mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 thought ccomp 12 add add VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 meant xcomp 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 multiply punct 14 not not PART Polarity=Neg 15 multiply advmod 15 multiply multiply VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 add conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 7 thought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other past a misunderstanding in maths vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 mean past product vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 add speech: assert not said to happen infinitive product not said here vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient 4 not multiply infinitive product not said here vn birth-28.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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