mono Who acts: Mono, virus, you, one ear, cousin, monorail · What happens: be, record, play, come, cause, make · To what, where: sound, one channel, illness, you, glandular fever, UK · Speech: someone speaks here
«mono» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: mono in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Mono is short for monophonic: sound recorded or played through one channel, so it comes from one speaker and not left and right like stereo.
The tree, 25 words nsubj cop case obl punct parataxis acl cc conj case nummod obl punct advmod nsubj conj case nummod obl cc advmod conj cc conj case obl punct root Mono NOUN is AUX short ADJ for ADP monophonic ADJ : PUNCT sound NOUN recorded VERB or CCONJ played VERB through ADP one NUM channel NOUN , PUNCT so ADV it PRON comes VERB from ADP one NUM speaker NOUN and CCONJ not PART left ADJ and CCONJ right ADJ like ADP stereo NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mono mono NOUN Number=Sing 3 short nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 short cop 3 short short ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 for for ADP _ 5 monophonic case 5 monophonic monophonic ADJ Degree=Pos 3 short obl 6 : : PUNCT _ 7 sound punct 7 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 3 short parataxis 8 recorded record VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 sound acl 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 played cc 10 played play VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 recorded conj 11 through through ADP _ 13 channel case 12 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 13 channel nummod 13 channel channel NOUN Number=Sing 10 played obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 comes punct 15 so so ADV _ 17 comes advmod 16 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 comes nsubj 17 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 short conj 18 from from ADP _ 20 speaker case 19 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 20 speaker nummod 20 speaker speaker NOUN Number=Sing 17 comes obl 21 and and CCONJ _ 23 left cc 22 not not PART Polarity=Neg 23 left advmod 23 left left ADJ Degree=Pos 20 speaker conj 24 and and CCONJ _ 25 right cc 25 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 23 left conj 26 like like ADP _ 27 stereo case 27 stereo stereo NOUN Number=Sing 25 right obl 28 . . PUNCT _ 3 short punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Mono for monophonic; short property tree rules 2 record participle sound not said here vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 play participle one channel vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 come present Mono from one speaker vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from speaker=Initial_Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: US, informal, medicine — kept apart, not parsed.
Mono is short for mononucleosis, an illness caused by a virus that makes you very tired with a sore throat and swollen glands (in the UK called glandular fever).
The tree, 29 words nsubj cop case obl punct det appos acl case det obl nsubj acl:relcl obj advmod xcomp case det amod obl cc amod conj punct case det obl parataxis amod obj punct punct root Mono NOUN is AUX short ADJ for ADP mononucleosis NOUN , PUNCT an DET illness NOUN caused VERB by ADP a DET virus NOUN that PRON makes VERB you PRON very ADV tired ADJ with ADP a DET sore ADJ throat NOUN and CCONJ swollen ADJ glands NOUN ( PUNCT in ADP the DET UK PROPN called VERB glandular ADJ fever NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mono mono NOUN Number=Sing 3 short nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 short cop 3 short short ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 for for ADP _ 5 mononucleosis case 5 mononucleosis mononucleosis NOUN Number=Sing 3 short obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 illness punct 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 illness det 8 illness illness NOUN Number=Sing 5 mononucleosis appos 9 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 illness acl 10 by by ADP _ 12 virus case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 virus det 12 virus virus NOUN Number=Sing 9 caused obl 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 makes nsubj 14 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 virus acl:relcl 15 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 14 makes obj 16 very very ADV _ 17 tired advmod 17 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos 14 makes xcomp 18 with with ADP _ 21 throat case 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 throat det 20 sore sore ADJ Degree=Pos 21 throat amod 21 throat throat NOUN Number=Sing 17 tired obl 22 and and CCONJ _ 24 glands cc 23 swollen swollen ADJ Degree=Pos 24 glands amod 24 glands gland NOUN Number=Plur 21 throat conj 25 ( ( PUNCT _ 29 called punct 26 in in ADP _ 28 UK case 27 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 28 UK det 28 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 29 called obl 29 called call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 makes parataxis 30 glandular glandular ADJ Degree=Pos 31 fever amod 31 fever fever NOUN Number=Sing 29 called obj 32 ) ) PUNCT _ 29 called punct 33 . . PUNCT _ 3 short punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Mono for mononucleosis; short property tree rules 2 cause participle a illness not said here by a virus vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition 3 make present a virus you tired property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product 4 call past glandular fever the UK vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent fever=Recipient
Meaning 3 Mono- at the start of a word means one or single, as in monorail, monologue, monochrome, monotone.
The tree, 17 words nsubj punct case det appos case det nmod obj cc conj punct case case parataxis punct conj punct conj punct conj punct root Mono NOUN - PUNCT at ADP the DET start NOUN of ADP a DET word NOUN means VERB one NUM or CCONJ single ADJ , PUNCT as ADP in ADP monorail NOUN , PUNCT monologue NOUN , PUNCT monochrome NOUN , PUNCT monotone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mono mono NOUN Number=Sing 9 means nsubj 2 - - PUNCT _ 5 start punct 3 at at ADP _ 5 start case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 start det 5 start start NOUN Number=Sing 1 Mono appos 6 of of ADP _ 8 word case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 word det 8 word word NOUN Number=Sing 5 start nmod 9 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 means obj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 single cc 12 single single ADJ Degree=Pos 10 one conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 monorail punct 14 as as ADP _ 16 monorail case 15 in in ADP _ 16 monorail case 16 monorail monorail NOUN Number=Sing 9 means parataxis 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 monologue punct 18 monologue monologue NOUN Number=Sing 16 monorail conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 monochrome punct 20 monochrome monochrome NOUN Number=Sing 16 monorail conj 21 , , PUNCT _ 22 monotone punct 22 monotone monotone NOUN Number=Sing 16 monorail conj 23 . . PUNCT _ 9 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Mono one vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Topic 2 start a word nom start «event transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 4 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
Mono can be short for monochrome (one colour, or black and white).
The tree, 12 words nsubj aux cop case obl punct nummod appos punct cc amod cc conj punct punct root Mono NOUN can AUX be AUX short ADJ for ADP monochrome NOUN ( PUNCT one NUM colour NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ black ADJ and CCONJ white ADJ ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mono mono NOUN Number=Sing 4 short nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 short aux 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 short cop 4 short short ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 for for ADP _ 6 monochrome case 6 monochrome monochrome NOUN Number=Sing 4 short obl 7 ( ( PUNCT _ 9 colour punct 8 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 colour nummod 9 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 6 monochrome appos 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 black punct 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 black cc 12 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 9 colour amod 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 white cc 14 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 12 black conj 15 ) ) PUNCT _ 9 colour punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 short punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is can Mono for monochrome; short property tree rules
Example 1 Old records were recorded in mono.
amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root Old ADJ records NOUN were AUX recorded VERB in ADP mono NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Old old ADJ Degree=Pos 2 records amod 2 records record NOUN Number=Plur 4 recorded nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 recorded aux:pass 4 recorded record VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 mono case 6 mono mono NOUN Number=Sing 4 recorded obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 recorded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 record past · passive Old records mono vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in mono=Destination
Example 2 Switch the headphones to mono if one ear doesn't work.
det obj case obl mark nummod nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root Switch VERB the DET headphones NOUN to ADP mono NOUN if SCONJ one NUM ear NOUN does AUX n't PART work VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Switch switch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 headphones det 3 headphones headphone NOUN Number=Plur 1 Switch obj 4 to to ADP _ 5 mono case 5 mono mono NOUN Number=Sing 1 Switch obl 6 if if SCONJ _ 11 work mark 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 ear nummod 8 ear ear NOUN Number=Sing 11 work nsubj 9 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 work aux 10 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 11 work advmod 11 work work VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Switch advcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Switch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 switch imperative you not said here the headphones to mono result vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent headphone=Patient to mono=Result 2 not work a condition, not said to happen present · do-support one ear vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 My cousin had mono and missed three weeks of school.
nmod:poss nsubj obj cc conj nummod obj case nmod punct root My PRON cousin NOUN had VERB mono NOUN and CCONJ missed VERB three NUM weeks NOUN of ADP school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 cousin nmod:poss 2 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 mono mono NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 missed cc 6 missed miss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 had conj 7 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 weeks nummod 8 weeks week NOUN Number=Plur 6 missed obj 9 of of ADP _ 10 school case 10 school school NOUN Number=Sing 8 weeks nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past My cousin mono vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mono=Patient 2 miss past My cousin not said here week vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
Example 4 A monorail runs on just one rail.
det nsubj case advmod nummod obl punct root A DET monorail NOUN runs VERB on ADP just ADV one NUM rail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 monorail det 2 monorail monorail NOUN Number=Sing 3 runs nsubj 3 runs run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 7 rail case 5 just just ADV _ 6 one advmod 6 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 rail nummod 7 rail rail NOUN Number=Sing 3 runs obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 runs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run present a monorail one rail vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on rail=Trajectory
Example 5 A monologue is a speech by one person.
det nsubj cop det case nummod nmod punct root A DET monologue NOUN is AUX a DET speech NOUN by ADP one NUM person NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 monologue det 2 monologue monologue NOUN Number=Sing 5 speech nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 speech cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 speech det 5 speech speech NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 by by ADP _ 8 person case 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 person nummod 8 person person NOUN Number=Sing 5 speech nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 speech punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a monologue a speech by one person tree rules
Example 6 Don't share drinks: mono spreads through spit.
aux advmod obj punct nsubj advcl case obl punct root Do AUX n't PART share VERB drinks NOUN : PUNCT mono NOUN spreads VERB through ADP spit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 share aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 share advmod 3 share share VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 drinks drink NOUN Number=Plur 3 share obj 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 spreads punct 6 mono mono NOUN Number=Sing 7 spreads nsubj 7 spreads spread VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 share advcl 8 through through ADP _ 9 spit case 9 spit spit NOUN Number=Sing 7 spreads obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 share punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not share imperative · do-support you not said here drinks tree rules 2 spread present mono spit vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through spit=Location
Example 7 The photo looks great in mono.
det nsubj xcomp case obl punct root The DET photo NOUN looks VERB great ADJ in ADP mono NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 photo det 2 photo photo NOUN Number=Sing 3 looks nsubj 3 looks look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 3 looks xcomp 5 in in ADP _ 6 mono case 6 mono mono NOUN Number=Sing 3 looks obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 looks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look present the photo in mono; great property vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in mono=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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