mumble

Who acts: people, you, we, He, She, her · What happens: speak, find, understand, not mumble, hear, mumble · To what, where: it, you, sorry, something, sleep, mumble · Speech: someone speaks here

«mumble» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: mumble in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To speak quietly and not clearly, so that people find it hard to understand you.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 speak	mark
2	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 find	advcl
3	quietly	quietly	ADV	_	2 speak	advmod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 clearly	cc
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 clearly	advmod
6	clearly	clearly	ADV	_	3 quietly	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 find	punct
8	so	so	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	11 find	mark
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 so	fixed
10	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 find	nsubj
11	find	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 find	obj
13	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 find	xcomp
14	to	to	PART	_	15 understand	mark
15	understand	understand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 hard	xcomp
16	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	15 understand	obj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 find	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	to-infinitive	people not said here		quietly property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	find	present	people	it	hard property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic
3	understand	to-infinitive		you		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

Quiet, unclear speech.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 speech	amod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Quiet	punct
3	unclear	unclear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 speech	amod
4	speech	speech	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 speech	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

Don't mumble; speak clearly so we can hear you.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 mumble	aux
2	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 mumble	advmod
3	mumble	mumble	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	5 speak	punct
5	speak	speak	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 mumble	conj
6	clearly	clearly	ADV	_	5 speak	advmod
7	so	so	SCONJ	_	10 hear	mark
8	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 hear	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 hear	aux
10	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 speak	advcl
11	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 hear	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 mumble	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not mumble speech: other	imperative · do-support	you not said here			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	speak speech: other	infinitive	you not said here		clearly property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	hear	can	we	you		vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus

Example 2

He mumbled «sorry» and looked at the floor.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 mumbled	nsubj
2	mumbled	mumble	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 sorry	punct
4	sorry	sorry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 mumbled	obj
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 sorry	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 looked	cc
7	looked	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 mumbled	conj
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 floor	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 floor	det
10	floor	floor	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 looked	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 mumbled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mumble speech: other	past	He	sorry					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sorry=Topic
2	look	past	He not said here					at the floor	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at floor=Theme

Example 3

She mumbled something in her sleep.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 mumbled	nsubj
2	mumbled	mumble	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 mumbled	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 sleep	case
5	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 sleep	nmod:poss
6	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 mumbled	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 mumbled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mumble speech: other	past	She	something		her sleep			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic
2	sleep		her = she						nom sleep «state intransitive»: poss=agent

Example 4

I couldn't understand his mumble.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 understand	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 understand	aux
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 understand	advmod
4	understand	understand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 mumble	nmod:poss
6	mumble	mumble	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 understand	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 understand	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not understand	could	I	his mumble					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer mumble=Stimulus
2	mumble		his = he						nom mumble «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 5

The shy boy mumbled his name.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 boy	det
2	shy	shy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 boy	amod
3	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 mumbled	nsubj
4	mumbled	mumble	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 name	nmod:poss
6	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 mumbled	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 mumbled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mumble speech: other	past	the shy boy	boy's name					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Topic
2	name		boy						nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 6

Stop mumbling and say it again loudly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	mumbling	mumble	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Stop	xcomp
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 say	cc
4	say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Stop	conj
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 say	obj
6	again	again	ADV	_	4 say	advmod
7	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	4 say	advmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Stop	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	stop	imperative	you not said here				vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	mumble speech: other	gerund	you not said here				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	say speech: assert	infinitive	you not said here	it	again	loudly property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic

Example 7

Grandpa mumbled into his beard.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 mumbled	nsubj
2	mumbled	mumble	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	5 beard	case
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 beard	nmod:poss
5	beard	beard	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 mumbled	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 mumbled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mumble speech: other	past	Grandpa			Grandpa's beard			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent into beard=Recipient

Example 8

“What are you mumbling to yourself?” asked the Fairy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	5 mumbling	punct
2	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 mumbling	obj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 mumbling	aux
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 mumbling	nsubj
5	mumbling	mumble	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 asked	ccomp
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 yourself	case
7	yourself	yourself	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	5 mumbling	obl
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 mumbling	punct
9	”	"	PUNCT	_	5 mumbling	punct
10	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Fairy	det
12	Fairy	fairy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 asked	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 asked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mumble speech: other in a quote	present · progressive	you		yourself				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Topic to yourself=Recipient
2	ask speech: ask	past	the Fairy						vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/mumble/