nail Who acts: nail, you, fingernails, something, She, box · What happens: point, be, hit, join, nail, have · To what, where: thin pointed piece, pieces, nails, test, 100 nails, 4 nails · Speech: someone speaks here
«nail» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: nail in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A nail is a thin, pointed piece of metal you hit with a hammer to join pieces of wood.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det amod punct amod case nmod nsubj acl:relcl case det obl mark advcl obj case nmod punct root A DET nail NOUN is AUX a DET thin ADJ , PUNCT pointed VERB piece NOUN of ADP metal NOUN you PRON hit VERB with ADP a DET hammer NOUN to PART join VERB pieces NOUN of ADP wood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 nail det 2 nail nail NOUN Number=Sing 8 piece nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 piece cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 piece det 5 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 8 piece amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 thin punct 7 pointed point VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 piece amod 8 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 10 metal case 10 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 8 piece nmod 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 hit nsubj 12 hit hit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 piece acl:relcl 13 with with ADP _ 15 hammer case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 hammer det 15 hammer hammer NOUN Number=Sing 12 hit obl 16 to to PART _ 17 join mark 17 join join VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 hit advcl 18 pieces piece NOUN Number=Plur 17 join obj 19 of of ADP _ 20 wood case 20 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 18 pieces nmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 8 piece punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 point participle vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a nail a thin pointed piece of metal tree rules 3 hit present you a thin pointed piece not said here with a hammer vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent piece=Patient with hammer=Instrument 4 join to-infinitive you not said here pieces of wood vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent piece=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Your fingernails and toenails are nails too: the hard parts at the ends of your fingers and toes.
The tree, 18 words nmod:poss nsubj cc conj cop advmod punct det amod conj case det nmod case nmod:poss nmod cc conj punct root Your PRON fingernails NOUN and CCONJ toenails NOUN are AUX nails NOUN too ADV : PUNCT the DET hard ADJ parts NOUN at ADP the DET ends NOUN of ADP your PRON fingers NOUN and CCONJ toes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 fingernails nmod:poss 2 fingernails fingernail NOUN Number=Plur 6 nails nsubj 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 toenails cc 4 toenails toenail NOUN Number=Plur 2 fingernails conj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 nails cop 6 nails nail NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 too too ADV _ 6 nails advmod 8 : : PUNCT _ 11 parts punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 parts det 10 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 11 parts amod 11 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 6 nails conj 12 at at ADP _ 14 ends case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 ends det 14 ends end NOUN Number=Plur 11 parts nmod 15 of of ADP _ 17 fingers case 16 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 fingers nmod:poss 17 fingers finger NOUN Number=Plur 14 ends nmod 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 toes cc 19 toes toe NOUN Number=Plur 17 fingers conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 6 nails punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Your fingernails and toenails nails and the hard parts at the ends of your fingers and toes tree rules
Meaning 3 To nail is to fix something with nails.
mark advcl cop mark obj case obl punct root To PART nail NOUN is AUX to PART fix VERB something PRON with ADP nails NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 nail mark 2 nail nail NOUN Number=Sing 5 fix advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fix cop 4 to to PART _ 5 fix mark 5 fix fix VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 fix obj 7 with with ADP _ 8 nails case 8 nails nail NOUN Number=Plur 5 fix obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 fix punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present with nails; fix property tree rules
Meaning 4 To nail something (informal) is to do it perfectly: «She nailed the test.».
The tree, 13 words mark compound nsubj punct amod punct cop mark obj advmod punct punct nsubj parataxis det obj punct punct punct root To PART nail NOUN something PRON ( PUNCT informal ADJ ) PUNCT is AUX to PART do VERB it PRON perfectly ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT She PRON nailed VERB the DET test NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 something mark 2 nail nail NOUN Number=Sing 3 something compound 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 do nsubj 4 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 informal punct 5 informal informal ADJ Degree=Pos 3 something amod 6 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 informal punct 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 do cop 8 to to PART _ 9 do mark 9 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 do obj 11 perfectly perfectly ADV _ 9 do advmod 12 : : PUNCT _ 15 nailed punct 13 « « PUNCT _ 15 nailed punct 14 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 nailed nsubj 15 nailed nail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 do parataxis 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 test det 17 test test NOUN Number=Sing 15 nailed obj 18 . . PUNCT _ 15 nailed punct 19 » » PUNCT _ 15 nailed punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 9 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present something do, perfectly property tree rules 2 nail in a quote past She the test vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Patient
Example 1 A box has 100 nails.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root A DET box NOUN has VERB 100 NUM nails NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 box det 2 box box NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 100 100 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 nails nummod 5 nails nail NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a box 100 nails vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nail=Patient
Example 2 He uses 4 nails for each board.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root He PRON uses VERB 4 NUM nails NOUN for ADP each DET board NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 uses nsubj 2 uses use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 nails nummod 4 nails nail NOUN Number=Plur 2 uses obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 board case 6 each each DET PronType=Tot 7 board det 7 board board NOUN Number=Sing 2 uses obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 uses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present He 4 nails for each board vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent nail=Theme for board=Eventuality
Example 3 She painted her 10 nails.
nsubj nmod:poss nummod obj punct root She PRON painted VERB her PRON 10 NUM nails NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 painted nsubj 2 painted paint VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 nails nmod:poss 4 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 nails nummod 5 nails nail NOUN Number=Plur 2 painted obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 painted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 paint past She her 10 nails vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent nail=Destination
Example 4 How many nails are left after he used 35?
advmod amod nsubj:pass aux:pass mark nsubj advcl obj punct root How ADV many ADJ nails NOUN are AUX left VERB after SCONJ he PRON used VERB 35 NUM ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 nails amod 3 nails nail NOUN Number=Plur 5 left nsubj:pass 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 left aux:pass 5 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 after after SCONJ _ 8 used mark 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 used nsubj 8 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 left advcl 9 35 35 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 used obj 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave present · passive many nails vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 use past he 35 vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 35=Patient
Example 5 Dad nailed the sign to the fence.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root Dad NOUN nailed VERB the DET sign NOUN to ADP the DET fence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 nailed nsubj 2 nailed nail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 sign det 4 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing 2 nailed obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 fence case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 fence det 7 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 2 nailed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 nailed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 nail past Dad the sign to the fence vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent sign=Patient to fence=Co-Patient
Example 6 Cut your nails and wash your hands.
nmod:poss obj cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root Cut VERB your PRON nails NOUN and CCONJ wash VERB your PRON hands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cut cut VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 nails nmod:poss 3 nails nail NOUN Number=Plur 1 Cut obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 wash cc 5 wash wash VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Cut conj 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 hands nmod:poss 7 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 5 wash obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut imperative you not said here your nails vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset nail=Product 2 wash infinitive you not said here your hands vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
Example 7 You hit the nail on the head with that answer.
nsubj det obj case det obl case det obl punct root You PRON hit VERB the DET nail NOUN on ADP the DET head NOUN with ADP that DET answer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 hit nsubj 2 hit hit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 nail det 4 nail nail NOUN Number=Sing 2 hit obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 head case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 head det 7 head head NOUN Number=Sing 2 hit obl 8 with with ADP _ 10 answer case 9 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 10 answer det 10 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 2 hit obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hit past You the nail the head with that answer vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent nail=Patient with answer=Instrument
Example 8 He nailed his dance at the show.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root He PRON nailed VERB his PRON dance NOUN at ADP the DET show NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 nailed nsubj 2 nailed nail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 dance nmod:poss 4 dance dance NOUN Number=Sing 2 nailed obj 5 at at ADP _ 7 show case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 show det 7 show show NOUN Number=Sing 2 nailed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 nailed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 nail past He his dance the show vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dance=Patient 2 dance his = he nom dance «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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