nature Who acts: people, animal nature, they, nature, We, Leaves · What happens: be, not make, go, see, not drop, look · To what, where: everything, world, kind, nature walk, hedgehog, part
«nature» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: nature in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Nature is everything in the world not made by people: plants, animals, rocks, rivers, the sky and the weather.
The tree, 19 words compound cop nsubj:pass case det nmod advmod case obl:agent punct conj punct conj punct conj punct conj punct det conj cc det conj punct root Nature NOUN is AUX everything PRON in ADP the DET world NOUN not PART made VERB by ADP people NOUN : PUNCT plants NOUN , PUNCT animals NOUN , PUNCT rocks NOUN , PUNCT rivers NOUN , PUNCT the DET sky NOUN and CCONJ the DET weather NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 3 everything compound 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 everything cop 3 everything everything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 8 made nsubj:pass 4 in in ADP _ 6 world case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 world det 6 world world NOUN Number=Sing 3 everything nmod 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 made advmod 8 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 by by ADP _ 10 people case 10 people people NOUN Number=Plur 8 made obl:agent 11 : : PUNCT _ 12 plants punct 12 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 10 people conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 animals punct 14 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 12 plants conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 rocks punct 16 rocks rock NOUN Number=Plur 12 plants conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 rivers punct 18 rivers river NOUN Number=Plur 12 plants conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 sky punct 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 sky det 21 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 12 plants conj 22 and and CCONJ _ 24 weather cc 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 weather det 24 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 12 plants conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 8 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present everything the world tree rules 2 not make participle · passive people and plants and animals and rocks and rivers and the sky and the weather everything vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A person's or animal's nature is what they are usually like inside, their character.
The tree, 16 words det nmod:poss case cc compound case nsubj cop nsubj cop advmod case acl:relcl punct nmod:poss parataxis punct root A DET person NOUN 's PART or CCONJ animal NOUN 's PART nature NOUN is AUX what PRON they PRON are AUX usually ADV like ADP inside ADV , PUNCT their PRON character NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing 7 nature nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 person case 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 animal cc 5 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 7 nature compound 6 's 's PART _ 5 animal case 7 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 9 what nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 what cop 9 what what PRON PronType=Int root root 10 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 inside nsubj 11 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 inside cop 12 usually usually ADV _ 14 inside advmod 13 like like ADP _ 14 inside case 14 inside inside ADV _ 9 what acl:relcl 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 character punct 16 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 character nmod:poss 17 character character NOUN Number=Sing 9 what parataxis 18 . . PUNCT _ 9 what punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a person's animal nature tree rules 2 is present they inside, usually property tree rules
Meaning 3 The nature of something is what kind of thing it is.
det nsubj case nmod cop det case nmod nsubj acl:relcl punct root The DET nature NOUN of ADP something PRON is AUX what DET kind NOUN of ADP thing NOUN it PRON is VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 nature det 2 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 7 kind nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 something case 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 nature nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 kind cop 6 what what DET PronType=Int 7 kind det 7 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 thing case 9 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 7 kind nmod 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 is nsubj 11 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 kind acl:relcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 kind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the nature of something what kind of thing tree rules 2 be present nature what kind not said here vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot kind=Theme
Example 1 We went on a nature walk and saw a hedgehog.
nsubj case det compound obl cc conj det obj punct root We PRON went VERB on ADP a DET nature NOUN walk NOUN and CCONJ saw VERB a DET hedgehog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 went nsubj 2 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 6 walk case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 walk det 5 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 6 walk compound 6 walk walk NOUN Number=Sing 2 went obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 saw cc 8 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 went conj 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 hedgehog det 10 hedgehog hedgehog NOUN Number=Sing 8 saw obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past We a nature walk vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on walk=Location 2 see past We not said here a hedgehog vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hedgehog=Stimulus
Example 2 Leaves, birds and rivers are all part of nature.
nsubj punct conj cc conj cop advmod case nmod punct root Leaves NOUN , PUNCT birds NOUN and CCONJ rivers NOUN are AUX all ADV part NOUN of ADP nature NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 8 part nsubj 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 birds punct 3 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 1 Leaves conj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 rivers cc 5 rivers river NOUN Number=Plur 1 Leaves conj 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 part cop 7 all all ADV _ 8 part advmod 8 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 10 nature case 10 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 8 part nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Leaves and birds and rivers part of nature; all property tree rules
Example 3 Please don't drop litter; we must look after nature.
discourse aux advmod obj punct nsubj aux conj case obl punct root Please INTJ do AUX n't PART drop VERB litter NOUN ; PUNCT we PRON must AUX look VERB after ADP nature NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 4 drop discourse 2 do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 drop aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 drop advmod 4 drop drop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 litter litter NOUN Number=Sing 4 drop obj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 look punct 7 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 look nsubj 8 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 look aux 9 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 drop conj 10 after after ADP _ 11 nature case 11 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 9 look obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 drop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not drop imperative · do-support you not said here litter vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litter=Theme 2 look must we after nature vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Example 4 It's in a cat's nature to chase mice.
nsubj cop case det nmod:poss case mark acl obj punct root It PRON 's AUX in ADP a DET cat NOUN 's PART nature NOUN to PART chase VERB mice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 nature nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 nature cop 3 in in ADP _ 7 nature case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 cat det 5 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 7 nature nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 cat case 7 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 to to PART _ 9 chase mark 9 chase chase VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 nature acl 10 mice mouse NOUN Number=Plur 9 chase obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 nature punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It a cat's nature tree rules 2 chase to-infinitive mice vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouse=Theme
Example 5 She is kind by nature.
nsubj cop case obl punct root She PRON is AUX kind ADJ by ADP nature NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 kind nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 kind cop 3 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 by by ADP _ 5 nature case 5 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 3 kind obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 kind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present She by nature; kind property tree rules
Example 6 The park has a nature trail through the woods.
det nsubj det compound obj case det nmod punct root The DET park NOUN has VERB a DET nature NOUN trail NOUN through ADP the DET woods NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 park det 2 park park NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 trail det 5 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 6 trail compound 6 trail trail NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 7 through through ADP _ 9 woods case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 woods det 9 woods wood NOUN Number=Plur 6 trail nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the park a nature trail the woods vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trail=Patient
Example 7 In nature, nothing goes to waste.
case obl punct nsubj mark xcomp punct root In ADP nature NOUN , PUNCT nothing PRON goes VERB to PART waste VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 nature case 2 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 5 goes obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 nature punct 4 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 5 goes nsubj 5 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 to to PART _ 7 waste mark 7 waste waste VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 goes xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 goes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present nothing nature vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 waste to-infinitive nothing not said here vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Riding a bike becomes second nature after a while.
csubj det obj amod xcomp case det obl punct root Riding VERB a DET bike NOUN becomes VERB second ADJ nature NOUN after ADP a DET while NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Riding ride VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 becomes csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 bike det 3 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 1 Riding obj 4 becomes become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 6 nature amod 6 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 4 becomes xcomp 7 after after ADP _ 9 while case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 while det 9 while while NOUN Number=Sing 4 becomes obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 becomes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ride gerund a bike vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bike=Theme 2 become present Riding second nature while vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Example 9 The laws of nature are unchangeable.
det nsubj case nmod cop punct root The DET laws NOUN of ADP nature NOUN are AUX unchangeable ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 laws det 2 laws law NOUN Number=Plur 6 unchangeable nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 nature case 4 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 2 laws nmod 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 unchangeable cop 6 unchangeable unchangeable ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 unchangeable punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the laws of nature unchangeable property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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