near Who acts: shop, Summer, Nearest, park, 5 trees, you · What happens: mean, be, live, stay, near, see · To what, where: house, it, something, closest one, school, pond · Speech: someone speaks here
«near» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: near in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Near means close, not far away. The shop is near my house.
Sentence 1: Near means close, not far away.
case xcomp punct advmod advmod advmod punct root Near ADP means VERB close ADJ , PUNCT not PART far ADV away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Near near ADP _ 2 means case 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 close close ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 far punct 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 far advmod 6 far far ADV Degree=Pos 2 means advmod 7 away away ADV _ 6 far advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present close, far property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: The shop is near my house.
det nsubj cop case nmod:poss punct root The DET shop NOUN is AUX near ADP my PRON house NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 shop det 2 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 6 house nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 house cop 4 near near ADP _ 6 house case 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 house nmod:poss 6 house house NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 house punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the shop my house tree rules
Meaning 2 Near can mean close in time: «Summer is near.».
mark aux xcomp case obl punct punct nsubj cop parataxis punct punct punct root Near ADP can AUX mean VERB close ADJ in ADP time NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Summer NOUN is AUX near ADJ . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Near near ADP _ 3 mean mark 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 close close ADJ Degree=Pos 3 mean xcomp 5 in in ADP _ 6 time case 6 time time NOUN Number=Sing 4 close obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 11 near punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 11 near punct 9 Summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 11 near nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 near cop 11 near near ADJ Degree=Pos 3 mean parataxis 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 near punct 13 » » PUNCT _ 11 near punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can close property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 is in a quote present Summer near property tree rules
Meaning 3 To near something is to come closer to it.
mark case obl cop mark advmod case obl punct root To PART near ADP something PRON is AUX to PART come VERB closer ADV to ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 near mark 2 near near ADP _ 3 something case 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 come obl 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 come cop 5 to to PART _ 6 come mark 6 come come VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 closer close ADV Degree=Cmp 6 come advmod 8 to to ADP _ 9 it case 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 come obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 come punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present it something close, come property tree rules
Meaning 4 «Nearest» means the closest one.
punct nsubj punct det amod obj punct root « PUNCT Nearest ADJ » PUNCT means VERB the DET closest ADJ one NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Nearest punct 2 Nearest near ADJ Degree=Sup 4 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Nearest punct 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 one det 6 closest close ADJ Degree=Sup 7 one amod 7 one one NOUN Number=Sing 4 means obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Nearest the closest one vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Topic
Meaning 5 «Near» can mean almost: «a near miss».
punct mark punct aux advmod punct punct det amod parataxis punct punct root « PUNCT Near ADP » PUNCT can AUX mean VERB almost ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT a DET near ADJ miss NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 mean punct 2 Near near ADP _ 5 mean mark 3 » » PUNCT _ 5 mean punct 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 mean aux 5 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 almost almost ADV _ 5 mean advmod 7 : : PUNCT _ 11 miss punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 11 miss punct 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 miss det 10 near near ADJ Degree=Pos 11 miss amod 11 miss miss NOUN Number=Sing 5 mean parataxis 12 » » PUNCT _ 11 miss punct 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can almost property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Example 1 The park is near the school.
det nsubj cop case det punct root The DET park NOUN is AUX near ADP the DET school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 park det 2 park park NOUN Number=Sing 6 school nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 school cop 4 near near ADP _ 6 school case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 school det 6 school school NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 school punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the park the school tree rules
Example 2 Round 47 to the nearest ten.
advmod case det amod nmod punct root Round ADV 47 NUM to ADP the DET nearest ADJ ten NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Round round ADV _ 2 47 advmod 2 47 47 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card root root 3 to to ADP _ 6 ten case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 ten det 5 nearest near ADJ Degree=Sup 6 ten amod 6 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 47 nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 47 punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3 Who lives nearer to the lake?
nsubj xcomp case det obl punct root Who PRON lives VERB nearer ADJ to ADP the DET lake NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Who who PRON PronType=Rel 2 lives nsubj 2 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 nearer near ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 lives xcomp 4 to to ADP _ 6 lake case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 lake det 6 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 2 lives obl 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 lives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present to the lake; near property vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 There are 5 trees near the pond.
expl nummod nsubj case det obl punct root There PRON are VERB 5 NUM trees NOUN near ADP the DET pond NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 are expl 2 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 trees nummod 4 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 2 are nsubj 5 near near ADP _ 7 pond case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 pond det 7 pond pond NOUN Number=Sing 2 are obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 are punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 does present 5 trees the pond; there vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near pond=Location
Example 5 Stay near me in the crowd.
case obl case det obl punct root Stay VERB near ADP me PRON in ADP the DET crowd NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stay stay VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 near near ADP _ 3 me case 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 1 Stay obl 4 in in ADP _ 6 crowd case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 crowd det 6 crowd crowd NOUN Number=Sing 1 Stay obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay imperative you not said here the crowd near me vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near i=Location
Example 6 The holidays are near.
det nsubj cop punct root The DET holidays NOUN are AUX near ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 holidays det 2 holidays holiday NOUN Number=Plur 4 near nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 near cop 4 near near ADV _ root root 5 . . PUNCT _ 4 near punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the holidays near property tree rules
Example 7 Round 3.6 to the nearest whole number.
advmod case det amod amod nmod punct root Round ADV 3.6 NUM to ADP the DET nearest ADJ whole ADJ number NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Round round ADV _ 2 3.6 advmod 2 3.6 3.6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card root root 3 to to ADP _ 7 number case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 number det 5 nearest near ADJ Degree=Sup 7 number amod 6 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 7 number amod 7 number number NOUN Number=Sing 2 3.6 nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 3.6 punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 8 As the ship neared the shore, we saw the lighthouse.
mark det nsubj advcl det obj punct nsubj det obj punct root As SCONJ the DET ship NOUN neared VERB the DET shore NOUN , PUNCT we PRON saw VERB the DET lighthouse NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as SCONJ _ 4 neared mark 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 ship det 3 ship ship NOUN Number=Sing 4 neared nsubj 4 neared near VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 saw advcl 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 shore det 6 shore shore NOUN Number=Sing 4 neared obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 4 neared punct 8 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 saw nsubj 9 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 lighthouse det 11 lighthouse lighthouse NOUN Number=Sing 9 saw obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 near past the ship the shore tree rules 2 see past we the lighthouse vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lighthouse=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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