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necessity

Who acts: you, Something, forces, basic things, Food, coat · What happens: need, not do, be, do, live, walk · To what, where: necessity, fact, situation, basic things, basic necessities, phone

«necessity» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: necessity in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Something that you need and cannot do without: water is a necessity.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	14 necessity	nsubj
2	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 need	obj
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 need	nsubj
4	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Something	acl:relcl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 do	cc
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 do	aux
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 do	advmod
8	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 need	conj
9	without	without	ADP	_	11 water	case
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 without	punct
11	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 do	obl
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 necessity	cop
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 necessity	det
14	necessity	necessity	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 necessity	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	you						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot that=Theme
2	not do	can	you not said here					without water	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is a	present	Something	a necessity					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

The fact of being needed: the necessity of sleep.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fact	det
2	fact	fact	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 needed	mark
4	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 needed	aux:pass
5	needed	need	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 fact	acl
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 necessity	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 necessity	det
8	necessity	necessity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fact	conj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 sleep	case
10	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 necessity	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 fact	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	gerund · passive		the fact and the necessity of sleep not said here					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»

Meaning 3

Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

A situation that forces you to do something: out of necessity.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 situation	det
2	situation	situation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 something	nsubj
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 do	obj
4	forces	force	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 do	nsubj
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 do	nsubj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 do	mark
7	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 situation	acl:relcl
8	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	root	root
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 necessity	punct
10	out	out	ADP	_	12 necessity	case
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 necessity	case
12	necessity	necessity	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 something	appos
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 something	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	to-infinitive	forces	a situation					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality

Meaning 4

necessities (plural): the basic things needed to live, such as food and shelter.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	necessities	necessity	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
2	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 plural	punct
3	plural	plural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 necessities	appos
4	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 plural	punct
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 things	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 things	det
7	basic	basic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 things	amod
8	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 necessities	conj
9	needed	need	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 things	acl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 live	mark
11	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 needed	xcomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 food	punct
13	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	15 food	case
14	as	as	ADP	_	13 such	fixed
15	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 things	appos
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 shelter	cc
17	shelter	shelter	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 food	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 necessities	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	participle		the basic things not said here					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	live not said to happen	to-infinitive	the basic things not said here						vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 1

Food, water and shelter are basic necessities.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 necessities	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 water	punct
3	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Food	conj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 shelter	cc
5	shelter	shelter	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Food	conj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 necessities	cop
7	basic	basic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 necessities	amod
8	necessities	necessity	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 necessities	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Food and water and shelter	basic necessities					tree rules

Example 2

A coat is a necessity in a Canadian winter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 coat	det
2	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 necessity	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 necessity	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 necessity	det
5	necessity	necessity	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 winter	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 winter	det
8	Canadian	Canadian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 winter	amod
9	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 necessity	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 necessity	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a coat	a necessity			winter		tree rules

Example 3

Is a phone a necessity or a luxury?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 phone	cop
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 phone	det
3	phone	phone	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 necessity	det
5	necessity	necessity	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 phone	appos
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 luxury	cc
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 luxury	det
8	luxury	luxury	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 necessity	conj
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 phone	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a phone					tree rules

Example 4

They walked to school out of necessity because the bus broke down.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 walked	nsubj
2	walked	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 school	case
4	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 walked	obl
5	out	out	ADP	_	7 necessity	case
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 necessity	case
7	necessity	necessity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 walked	obl
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 broke	mark
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 bus	det
10	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 broke	nsubj
11	broke	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 walked	advcl
12	down	down	ADP	_	11 broke	compound:prt
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 walked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	past	They			necessity		to school result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to school=Result
2	break down	past	the bus						vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 5

Necessity is the mother of invention.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Necessity	necessity	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 mother	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mother	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 mother	det
4	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 invention	case
6	invention	invention	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 mother	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 mother	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Necessity	the mother				of invention	tree rules

Example 6

Sleep is a necessity, not a choice.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 necessity	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 necessity	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 necessity	det
4	necessity	necessity	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 choice	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 choice	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 choice	det
8	choice	choice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 necessity	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 necessity	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Sleep	a necessity and a choice					tree rules

Example 7

We packed only the necessities for camping.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 packed	nsubj
2	packed	pack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 necessities	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 necessities	det
5	necessities	necessity	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 packed	obl
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 camping	case
7	camping	camping	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 packed	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 packed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pack	past	We	the necessities				for camping	vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent

Example 8

I only made up my mind to do it out of necessity.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 made	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 made	advmod
3	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 made	compound:prt
5	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 mind	nmod:poss
6	mind	mind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 do	mark
8	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 made	advcl
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 do	obj
10	out	out	ADP	_	12 necessity	case
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 necessity	case
12	necessity	necessity	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 do	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make up	past	I	my mind					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mind=Pivot
2	do	to-infinitive	I not said here	mind		necessity			vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
3	mind		my						nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/N/necessity/