need Who acts: you, need, person, I, we, nobody · What happens: need, be, have, not do, do, not need · To what, where: something, it, Need, game, hand, this · Speech: someone speaks here
«need» in the school dictionary: its 8 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: need in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To need something is to have to have it, because you cannot do well without it.
The tree, 17 words mark advcl obj cop mark mark xcomp obj punct mark nsubj aux advmod conj advmod case obl punct root To PART need VERB something PRON is AUX to PART have VERB to PART have VERB it PRON , PUNCT because SCONJ you PRON can AUX not PART do VERB well ADV without ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 need mark 2 need need VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 have advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 need obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 have cop 5 to to PART _ 6 have mark 6 have have VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 have mark 8 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 have xcomp 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 have obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 15 do punct 11 because because SCONJ _ 15 do mark 12 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 15 do nsubj 13 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 15 do aux 14 not not PART Polarity=Neg 15 do advmod 15 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 have conj 16 well well ADV Degree=Pos 15 do advmod 17 without without ADP _ 18 it case 18 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 do obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need to-infinitive something vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot something=Theme 2 is present have property tree rules 3 have to-infinitive it vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient 4 not do can you without it; well property vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To need to do something is to have to do it.
mark advcl mark aux obj cop mark mark xcomp obj punct root To PART need VERB to PART do AUX something PRON is AUX to PART have VERB to PART do VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 need mark 2 need need VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 have advcl 3 to to PART _ 4 do mark 4 do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 8 have aux 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 do obj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 have cop 7 to to PART _ 8 have mark 8 have have VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 to to PART _ 10 do mark 10 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 have xcomp 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 do obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need to-infinitive vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 2 is to-infinitive · do-support have property tree rules 3 do to-infinitive it vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
Meaning 3 A need is something a person or animal must have, like food, water and a home.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det nsubj cc conj aux acl:relcl punct case nmod punct conj cc det conj punct root A DET need NOUN is AUX something PRON a DET person NOUN or CCONJ animal NOUN must AUX have VERB , PUNCT like ADP food NOUN , PUNCT water NOUN and CCONJ a DET home NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 need det 2 need need NOUN Number=Sing 4 something nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something cop 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 person det 6 person person NOUN Number=Sing 10 have nsubj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 animal cc 8 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 6 person conj 9 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 have aux 10 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 something acl:relcl 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 food punct 12 like like ADP _ 13 food case 13 food food NOUN Number=Sing 4 something nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 water punct 15 water water NOUN Number=Sing 13 food conj 16 and and CCONJ _ 18 home cc 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 home det 18 home home NOUN Number=Sing 13 food conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 4 something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a need something like food and water and a home tree rules 2 have must a person or animal vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 «Needn't» means do not have to: «You needn't come».
The tree, 11 words punct csubj advmod punct aux advmod ccomp xcomp punct punct nsubj aux advmod parataxis punct punct root « PUNCT Need VERB n't PART » PUNCT means VERB do AUX not PART have VERB to PART : PUNCT « PUNCT You PRON need AUX n't PART come VERB » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Need punct 2 Need need VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means csubj 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 2 Need advmod 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 Need punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 8 have aux 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 have advmod 8 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means ccomp 9 to to PART _ 8 have xcomp 10 : : PUNCT _ 15 come punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 15 come punct 12 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 15 come nsubj 13 need need AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 come aux 14 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 15 come advmod 15 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means parataxis 16 » » PUNCT _ 15 come punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not need in a quote infinitive vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 not have infinitive · do-support vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 not come in a quote present You vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 5 Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.
«Need» is often said for «want»: «I need that game!»; «need a hand?» means can I help.
The tree, 17 words punct nsubj:pass punct aux:pass advmod advcl case punct ccomp punct punct punct nsubj ccomp det obj punct punct punct punct ccomp det obj punct punct aux nsubj ccomp punct root « PUNCT Need NOUN » PUNCT is AUX often ADV said VERB for ADP « PUNCT want VERB » PUNCT : PUNCT « PUNCT I PRON need VERB that DET game NOUN ! PUNCT » PUNCT ; PUNCT « PUNCT need VERB a DET hand NOUN ? PUNCT » PUNCT means VERB can AUX I PRON help VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Need punct 2 Need need NOUN Number=Sing 6 said nsubj:pass 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Need punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 said aux:pass 5 often often ADV _ 6 said advmod 6 said say VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 26 means advcl 7 for for ADP _ 9 want case 8 « « PUNCT _ 9 want punct 9 want want VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 said ccomp 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 want punct 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 need punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 14 need punct 13 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 14 need nsubj 14 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 said ccomp 15 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 16 game det 16 game game NOUN Number=Sing 14 need obj 17 ! ! PUNCT _ 14 need punct 18 » » PUNCT _ 14 need punct 19 ; ; PUNCT _ 21 need punct 20 « « PUNCT _ 21 need punct 21 need need VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 said ccomp 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 hand det 23 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 21 need obj 24 ? ? PUNCT _ 21 need punct 25 » » PUNCT _ 21 need punct 26 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 27 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 29 help aux 28 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 29 help nsubj 29 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf 26 means ccomp 30 . . PUNCT _ 26 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: express present · passive Need often property tree rules 2 want in a quote infinitive vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 3 need in a quote present I that game vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot game=Theme 4 need in a quote infinitive a hand vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot hand=Theme 5 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 6 help can I vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
Meaning 6 Usage: rude — kept apart, not parsed.
«Do we need to hear this?», «nobody needs your opinion» are put-downs.
The tree, 13 words punct aux nsubj mark xcomp obj punct punct punct punct nsubj parataxis nmod:poss nsubj punct cop compound punct parataxis punct root « PUNCT Do AUX we PRON need VERB to PART hear VERB this PRON ? PUNCT » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT nobody PRON needs VERB your PRON opinion NOUN » PUNCT are AUX put VERB - PUNCT downs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 need punct 2 Do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 need aux 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 need nsubj 4 need need VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 hear mark 6 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 need xcomp 7 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 hear obj 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 need punct 9 » » PUNCT _ 4 need punct 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 needs punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 13 needs punct 12 nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 13 needs nsubj 13 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 need parataxis 14 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 opinion nmod:poss 15 opinion opinion NOUN Number=Sing 20 downs nsubj 16 » » PUNCT _ 15 opinion punct 17 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 downs cop 18 put put VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 20 downs compound 19 - - PUNCT _ 18 put punct 20 downs down NOUN Number=Plur 13 needs parataxis 21 . . PUNCT _ 4 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need in a quote present · do-support we vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 hear not said to happen, in a quote to-infinitive we not said here this vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus 3 need in a quote present nobody vn require-103-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition 4 put participle vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent 5 is a present your opinion put downs tree rules 6 opine in a quote your nom opinion «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 7 Usage: euphemism — kept apart, not parsed.
«Special needs» or «additional needs» is a polite term for a child who needs extra help; «in need» means poor.
The tree, 20 words punct amod nsubj punct cc punct amod conj punct cop det amod case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl amod obj punct punct case nsubj punct parataxis obj punct root « PUNCT Special ADJ needs NOUN » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT additional ADJ needs NOUN » PUNCT is AUX a DET polite ADJ term NOUN for ADP a DET child NOUN who PRON needs VERB extra ADJ help NOUN ; PUNCT « PUNCT in ADP need NOUN » PUNCT means VERB poor ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 needs punct 2 Special special ADJ Degree=Pos 3 needs amod 3 needs need NOUN Number=Plur 13 term nsubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 needs punct 5 or or CCONJ _ 8 needs cc 6 « « PUNCT _ 8 needs punct 7 additional additional ADJ Degree=Pos 8 needs amod 8 needs need NOUN Number=Plur 3 needs conj 9 » » PUNCT _ 3 needs punct 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 term cop 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 term det 12 polite polite ADJ Degree=Pos 13 term amod 13 term term NOUN Number=Sing root root 14 for for ADP _ 16 child case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 child det 16 child child NOUN Number=Sing 13 term nmod 17 who who PRON PronType=Rel 18 needs nsubj 18 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 child acl:relcl 19 extra extra ADJ Degree=Pos 20 help amod 20 help help NOUN Number=Sing 18 needs obj 21 ; ; PUNCT _ 26 means punct 22 « « PUNCT _ 24 need punct 23 in in ADP _ 24 need case 24 need need NOUN Number=Sing 26 means nsubj 25 » » PUNCT _ 24 need punct 26 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 needs parataxis 27 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 26 means obj 28 . . PUNCT _ 13 term punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Special needs or additional needs a polite term for a child tree rules 2 need present a child extra help vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot help=Theme 3 mean present need poor vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poor=Topic
Meaning 8 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
Exams say «require», «requisite», «necessitate», «the quantity required», «the shortfall» (how much is still needed) and «is obliged to».
The tree, 19 words nsubj punct ccomp punct punct punct obj punct punct punct conj punct punct punct det nsubj:pass acl punct punct punct det conj punct punct advmod appos aux:pass advmod parataxis punct cc punct aux:pass conj obl punct punct root Exams NOUN say VERB « PUNCT require VERB » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT requisite NOUN » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT necessitate VERB » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT the DET quantity NOUN required VERB » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT the DET shortfall NOUN » PUNCT ( PUNCT how ADV much ADJ is AUX still ADV needed VERB ) PUNCT and CCONJ « PUNCT is AUX obliged VERB to ADP » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Exams exam NOUN Number=Plur 2 say nsubj 2 say say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 require punct 4 require require VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 say ccomp 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 require punct 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 requisite punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 requisite punct 8 requisite requisite NOUN Number=Sing 4 require obj 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 requisite punct 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 necessitate punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 12 necessitate punct 12 necessitate necessitate VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 require conj 13 » » PUNCT _ 12 necessitate punct 14 , , PUNCT _ 30 needed punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 30 needed punct 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 quantity det 17 quantity quantity NOUN Number=Sing 30 needed nsubj:pass 18 required require VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 17 quantity acl 19 » » PUNCT _ 18 required punct 20 , , PUNCT _ 23 shortfall punct 21 « « PUNCT _ 23 shortfall punct 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 shortfall det 23 shortfall shortfall NOUN Number=Sing 17 quantity conj 24 » » PUNCT _ 23 shortfall punct 25 ( ( PUNCT _ 27 much punct 26 how how ADV PronType=Int 27 much advmod 27 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 23 shortfall appos 28 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 30 needed aux:pass 29 still still ADV _ 30 needed advmod 30 needed need VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 require parataxis 31 ) ) PUNCT _ 30 needed punct 32 and and CCONJ _ 35 obliged cc 33 « « PUNCT _ 35 obliged punct 34 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 35 obliged aux:pass 35 obliged oblige VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 30 needed conj 36 to to ADP _ 35 obliged obl 37 » » PUNCT _ 35 obliged punct 38 . . PUNCT _ 2 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Exams vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 require in a quote infinitive requisite vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent requisite=Recipient clause=Topic 3 necessitate in a quote infinitive vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme 4 require in a quote participle the quantity and the shortfall not said here vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme 5 need present · passive the quantity and the shortfall still vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme 6 oblige in a quote present · passive vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»
Example 1 She needs 9 cups of flour.
nsubj nummod obj case nmod punct root She PRON needs VERB 9 NUM cups NOUN of ADP flour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 needs nsubj 2 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 9 9 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 cups nummod 4 cups cup NOUN Number=Plur 2 needs obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 flour case 6 flour flour NOUN Number=Sing 4 cups nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 needs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present She 9 cups of flour vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot cup=Theme
Example 2 He needs 20 dollars but has 12. How many more does she need?
Sentence 1: He needs 20 dollars but has 12.
nsubj nummod obj cc conj obj punct root He PRON needs VERB 20 NUM dollars NOUN but CCONJ has VERB 12 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 needs nsubj 2 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 dollars nummod 4 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 2 needs obj 5 but but CCONJ _ 6 has cc 6 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 needs conj 7 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 needs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present He 20 dollars vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot dollar=Theme 2 have present He not said here 12 vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 12=Patient
Sentence 2: How many more does she need?
advmod obj conj aux nsubj punct root How ADV many ADJ more ADJ does AUX she PRON need VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 6 need obj 3 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 many conj 4 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 need aux 5 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 need nsubj 6 need need VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present · do-support she many vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot many=Theme
Example 3 Each cake needs 3 eggs.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root Each DET cake NOUN needs VERB 3 NUM eggs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 cake det 2 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 3 needs nsubj 3 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 eggs nummod 5 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 3 needs obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 needs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present each cake 3 eggs vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot egg=Theme
Example 4 Plants need water and sunlight.
nsubj obj cc conj punct root Plants NOUN need VERB water NOUN and CCONJ sunlight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 need nsubj 2 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 need obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 sunlight cc 5 sunlight sunlight NOUN Number=Sing 3 water conj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present Plants water and sunlight vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot water=Theme
Example 5 You need to finish your homework first.
nsubj mark xcomp nmod:poss obj advmod punct root You PRON need VERB to PART finish VERB your PRON homework NOUN first ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 need nsubj 2 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 finish mark 4 finish finish VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 need xcomp 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 homework nmod:poss 6 homework homework NOUN Number=Sing 4 finish obj 7 first first ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 4 finish advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present You vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 finish not said to happen to-infinitive You not said here your homework first property vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality homework=Eventuality
Example 6 We collected food for families in need.
nsubj obj case obl case obl punct root We PRON collected VERB food NOUN for ADP families NOUN in ADP need NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 collected nsubj 2 collected collect VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 collected obj 4 for for ADP _ 5 families case 5 families family NOUN Number=Plur 2 collected obl 6 in in ADP _ 7 need case 7 need need NOUN Number=Sing 2 collected obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 collected punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 collect past We food need for families vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme
Example 7 There is no need to shout.
expl det nsubj mark acl punct root There PRON is VERB no DET need NOUN to PART shout VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 is expl 2 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 no no DET PronType=Neg 4 need det 4 need need NOUN Number=Sing 2 is nsubj 5 to to PART _ 6 shout mark 6 shout shout VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 need acl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 is punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be present no need there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 shout speech: express to-infinitive no need not said here vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 we're 4, need 3 each, how many sausages then
nsubj cop nsubj punct obj advmod punct advmod amod obl advmod root we PRON 're AUX 4 NUM , PUNCT need VERB 3 NUM each DET , PUNCT how ADV many ADJ sausages NOUN then ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 4 nsubj 2 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 4 cop 3 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 need nsubj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 need punct 5 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 need obj 7 each each DET PronType=Tot 6 3 advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 sausages punct 9 how how ADV PronType=Int 10 many advmod 10 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 11 sausages amod 11 sausages sausage NOUN Number=Plur 5 need obl 12 then then ADV PronType=Dem 5 need advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present we 4 tree rules 2 need present 4 3 then many sausages obl vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot 3=Theme
Example 9 Need a hand with them boxes?
det obj case obl obj punct root Need VERB a DET hand NOUN with ADP them PRON boxes NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Need need VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 hand det 3 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 1 Need obj 4 with with ADP _ 5 them case 5 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 1 Need obl 6 boxes box NOUN Number=Plur 1 Need obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 Need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need imperative you not said here a hand with them = they tree rules
Example 10 I don't need your help, I can count to 20 myself!
nsubj aux advmod nmod:poss obj punct nsubj aux parataxis case obl obl punct root I PRON do AUX n't PART need VERB your PRON help NOUN , PUNCT I PRON can AUX count VERB to ADP 20 NUM myself PRON ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 need nsubj 2 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 need aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 need advmod 4 need need VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 help nmod:poss 6 help help NOUN Number=Sing 4 need obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 count punct 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 count nsubj 9 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 count aux 10 count count VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 need parataxis 11 to to ADP _ 12 20 case 12 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 count obl 13 myself myself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 10 count obl 14 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not need present · do-support I your help vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot help=Theme 2 count can I myself to 20 vn matter-91 «NP V PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to 20=Experiencer 3 help your nom help «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 11 A recipe requires 3 eggs per cake. Determine the shortfall, given 7 eggs on hand and 4 cakes to be baked.
Sentence 1: A recipe requires 3 eggs per cake.
det nsubj nummod obj case obl punct root A DET recipe NOUN requires VERB 3 NUM eggs NOUN per ADP cake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 recipe det 2 recipe recipe NOUN Number=Sing 3 requires nsubj 3 requires require VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 eggs nummod 5 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 3 requires obj 6 per per ADP _ 7 cake case 7 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 3 requires obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 requires punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require present a recipe 3 eggs per cake vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme egg=Precondition
Sentence 2: Determine the shortfall, given 7 eggs on hand and 4 cakes to be baked.
The tree, 14 words det obj punct acl nummod obj case nmod cc nummod conj mark aux:pass advcl punct root Determine VERB the DET shortfall NOUN , PUNCT given VERB 7 NUM eggs NOUN on ADP hand NOUN and CCONJ 4 NUM cakes NOUN to PART be AUX baked VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Determine determine VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 shortfall det 3 shortfall shortfall NOUN Number=Sing 1 Determine obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 given punct 5 given give VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 shortfall acl 6 7 7 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 eggs nummod 7 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 5 given obj 8 on on ADP _ 9 hand case 9 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 7 eggs nmod 10 and and CCONJ _ 12 cakes cc 11 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 cakes nummod 12 cakes cake NOUN Number=Plur 7 eggs conj 13 to to PART _ 15 baked mark 14 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 15 baked aux:pass 15 baked bake VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 given advcl 16 . . PUNCT _ 1 Determine punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 determine imperative you not said here the shortfall vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shortfall=Topic 2 give participle the shortfall not said here 7 eggs and 4 cakes hand vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: agent=Agent egg=Theme on hand=Asset 3 bake to-infinitive · passive the shortfall not said here vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»
Example 12 You needn't bring anything, we've got heaps.
nsubj aux advmod obj punct nsubj aux parataxis obj punct root You PRON need AUX n't PART bring VERB anything PRON , PUNCT we PRON 've AUX got VERB heaps NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 bring nsubj 2 need need AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 bring aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 bring advmod 4 bring bring VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 anything anything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 bring obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 4 bring punct 7 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 got nsubj 8 've have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 got aux 9 got get VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 4 bring parataxis 10 heaps heap NOUN Number=Plur 9 got obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 bring punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not bring present You anything vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent anything=Theme 2 get present · perfect we heaps vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer heap=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous neenext → needful↑ back to N in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/N/need/