novice Who acts: novice, person, nuns, novice event, I, novice skiers · What happens: be, have, join, train, make, promise · To what, where: beginner, little skill, person, religious community, final promises, sport
«novice» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: novice in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A novice is a beginner: someone who is new to an activity and has little skill or experience yet.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det punct appos nsubj cop acl:relcl case det obl cc conj amod obj cc conj advmod punct root A DET novice NOUN is AUX a DET beginner NOUN : PUNCT someone PRON who PRON is AUX new ADJ to ADP an DET activity NOUN and CCONJ has VERB little ADJ skill NOUN or CCONJ experience NOUN yet ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 novice det 2 novice novice NOUN Number=Sing 5 beginner nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 beginner cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 beginner det 5 beginner beginner NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 : : PUNCT _ 7 someone punct 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 beginner appos 8 who who PRON PronType=Rel 10 new nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 new cop 10 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 7 someone acl:relcl 11 to to ADP _ 13 activity case 12 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 activity det 13 activity activity NOUN Number=Sing 10 new obl 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 has cc 15 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 new conj 16 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 17 skill amod 17 skill skill NOUN Number=Sing 15 has obj 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 experience cc 19 experience experience NOUN Number=Sing 17 skill conj 20 yet yet ADV _ 15 has advmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 beginner punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a novice a beginner tree rules 2 is present to a activity; new property tree rules 3 have present little skill or experience yet vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skill=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.
A novice is a person who has joined a religious community, such as monks or nuns, and is training before making their final promises.
The tree, 24 words det nsubj cop det nsubj aux acl:relcl det amod obj punct case fixed appos cc conj punct cc aux acl mark advcl nmod:poss amod obj punct root A DET novice NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN who PRON has AUX joined VERB a DET religious ADJ community NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP monks NOUN or CCONJ nuns NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ is AUX training VERB before SCONJ making VERB their PRON final ADJ promises NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 novice det 2 novice novice NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 joined nsubj 7 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 joined aux 8 joined join VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 person acl:relcl 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 community det 10 religious religious ADJ Degree=Pos 11 community amod 11 community community NOUN Number=Sing 8 joined obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 monks punct 13 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 15 monks case 14 as as ADP _ 13 such fixed 15 monks monk NOUN Number=Plur 11 community appos 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 nuns cc 17 nuns nun NOUN Number=Plur 15 monks conj 18 , , PUNCT _ 21 training punct 19 and and CCONJ _ 21 training cc 20 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 training aux 21 training train VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 person acl 22 before before SCONJ _ 23 making mark 23 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 21 training advcl 24 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 26 promises nmod:poss 25 final final ADJ Degree=Pos 26 promises amod 26 promises promise NOUN Number=Plur 23 making obj 27 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a novice a person tree rules 2 join present · perfect a person a religious community vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent community=Patient 3 train present · progressive a person not said here vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 make gerund a person not said here nuns's final promises vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset promise=Product 5 promise nuns = nun nom promise «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 3 In sport and competitions, a novice event or class is for beginners.
case obl cc conj punct det compound nsubj cc conj cop case punct root In ADP sport NOUN and CCONJ competitions NOUN , PUNCT a DET novice NOUN event NOUN or CCONJ class NOUN is AUX for ADP beginners NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 sport case 2 sport sport NOUN Number=Sing 13 beginners obl 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 competitions cc 4 competitions competition NOUN Number=Plur 2 sport conj 5 , , PUNCT _ 2 sport punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 event det 7 novice novice NOUN Number=Sing 8 event compound 8 event event NOUN Number=Sing 13 beginners nsubj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 class cc 10 class class NOUN Number=Sing 8 event conj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 beginners cop 12 for for ADP _ 13 beginners case 13 beginners beginner NOUN Number=Plur root root 14 . . PUNCT _ 13 beginners punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a novice event or class sport and competitions for beginners tree rules
Example 1 I am a complete novice at chess, so please explain the rules.
nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct advmod discourse parataxis det obj punct root I PRON am AUX a DET complete ADJ novice NOUN at ADP chess NOUN , PUNCT so ADV please INTJ explain VERB the DET rules NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 novice nsubj 2 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 novice cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 novice det 4 complete complete ADJ Degree=Pos 5 novice amod 5 novice novice NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 at at ADP _ 7 chess case 7 chess chess NOUN Number=Sing 5 novice nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 explain punct 9 so so ADV _ 11 explain advmod 10 please please INTJ _ 11 explain discourse 11 explain explain VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 novice parataxis 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 rules det 13 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 11 explain obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 novice punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present I a complete novice chess tree rules 2 explain speech: assert infinitive the rules vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Topic
Example 2 The novice skiers practised on the gentle slope.
det compound nsubj case det amod obl punct root The DET novice NOUN skiers NOUN practised VERB on ADP the DET gentle ADJ slope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 skiers det 2 novice novice NOUN Number=Sing 3 skiers compound 3 skiers skier NOUN Number=Plur 4 practised nsubj 4 practised practise VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 on on ADP _ 8 slope case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 slope det 7 gentle gentle ADJ Degree=Pos 8 slope amod 8 slope slope NOUN Number=Sing 4 practised obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 practised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 practise participle the novice skiers the gentle slope tree rules
Example 3 Even experts were novices once.
advmod nsubj cop advmod punct root Even ADV experts NOUN were AUX novices NOUN once ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Even even ADV _ 2 experts advmod 2 experts expert NOUN Number=Plur 4 novices nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 novices cop 4 novices novice NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 4 novices advmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 novices punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past experts novices once property tree rules
Example 4 She entered the novice class at the pony show.
nsubj det compound obj case det compound obl punct root She PRON entered VERB the DET novice NOUN class NOUN at ADP the DET pony NOUN show NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 entered nsubj 2 entered enter VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 class det 4 novice novice NOUN Number=Sing 5 class compound 5 class class NOUN Number=Sing 2 entered obj 6 at at ADP _ 9 show case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 show det 8 pony pony NOUN Number=Sing 9 show compound 9 show show NOUN Number=Sing 2 entered obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 entered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 enter past She the novice class the pony show vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme class=Destination
Example 5 The novice nun learned the prayers and daily work of the convent.
det compound nsubj det obj cc amod conj case det nmod punct root The DET novice NOUN nun NOUN learned VERB the DET prayers NOUN and CCONJ daily ADJ work NOUN of ADP the DET convent NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 nun det 2 novice novice NOUN Number=Sing 3 nun compound 3 nun nun NOUN Number=Sing 4 learned nsubj 4 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 prayers det 6 prayers prayer NOUN Number=Plur 4 learned obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 work cc 8 daily daily ADJ Degree=Pos 9 work amod 9 work work NOUN Number=Sing 6 prayers conj 10 of of ADP _ 12 convent case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 convent det 12 convent convent NOUN Number=Sing 9 work nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past the novice nun the prayers and daily work of the convent vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prayer=Topic 2 work the convent nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent
Example 6 This coding website has puzzles for novices and for experts.
det compound nsubj obj case nmod cc case conj punct root This DET coding NOUN website NOUN has VERB puzzles NOUN for ADP novices NOUN and CCONJ for ADP experts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 website det 2 coding coding NOUN Number=Sing 3 website compound 3 website website NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 puzzles puzzle NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 6 for for ADP _ 7 novices case 7 novices novice NOUN Number=Plur 5 puzzles nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 experts cc 9 for for ADP _ 10 experts case 10 experts expert NOUN Number=Plur 7 novices conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present this coding website puzzles for novices and experts vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puzzle=Patient
Example 7 As a novice cook, Dad burnt the toast twice.
case det compound obl punct nsubj det obj advmod punct root As ADP a DET novice NOUN cook NOUN , PUNCT Dad PROPN burnt VERB the DET toast NOUN twice ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 4 cook case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 cook det 3 novice novice NOUN Number=Sing 4 cook compound 4 cook cook NOUN Number=Sing 7 burnt obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 cook punct 6 Dad Dad PROPN Number=Sing 7 burnt nsubj 7 burnt burnt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 toast det 9 toast toast NOUN Number=Sing 7 burnt obj 10 twice twice ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 7 burnt advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 burnt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 burnt past Dad the toast as a novice cook; twice property tree rules
Example 8 One feels quite a novice beside these venerable million-year-old boulders.
The tree, 12 words nsubj det:predet det obj case det amod nummod punct compound punct amod obl punct root One NUM feels VERB quite DET a DET novice NOUN beside ADP these DET venerable ADJ million NUM - PUNCT year NOUN - PUNCT old ADJ boulders NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 feels nsubj 2 feels feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 quite quite DET PronType=Ind 5 novice det:predet 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 novice det 5 novice novice NOUN Number=Sing 2 feels obj 6 beside beside ADP _ 14 boulders case 7 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 14 boulders det 8 venerable venerable ADJ Degree=Pos 14 boulders amod 9 million million NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 year nummod 10 - - PUNCT _ 9 million punct 11 year year NOUN Number=Sing 13 old compound 12 - - PUNCT _ 11 year punct 13 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 14 boulders amod 14 boulders boulder NOUN Number=Plur 2 feels obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 feels punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel present One quite novice this venerable old boulders vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent novice=Theme beside boulder=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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