obligation Who acts: obligation, you, rule, Parents, She, he · What happens: be, do, say, help, set, have · To what, where: something, feeling, someone, you, duty, official writing · Speech: someone speaks here
«obligation» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: obligation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An obligation is something you must do because a rule, a promise or your duty says so.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop nsubj aux acl:relcl mark det nsubj punct det appos cc nmod:poss conj advcl advmod punct root An DET obligation NOUN is AUX something PRON you PRON must AUX do VERB because SCONJ a DET rule NOUN , PUNCT a DET promise NOUN or CCONJ your PRON duty NOUN says VERB so ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 obligation det 2 obligation obligation NOUN Number=Sing 4 something nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something cop 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 do nsubj 6 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 do aux 7 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 something acl:relcl 8 because because SCONJ _ 17 says mark 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 rule det 10 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 17 says nsubj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 promise punct 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 promise det 13 promise promise NOUN Number=Sing 10 rule appos 14 or or CCONJ _ 16 duty cc 15 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 duty nmod:poss 16 duty duty NOUN Number=Sing 13 promise conj 17 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 do advcl 18 so so ADV _ 17 says advmod 19 . . PUNCT _ 4 something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a obligation something tree rules 2 do must you vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 say speech: assert present a rule vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An obligation is the feeling that you ought to do something, for example to help someone who helped you.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det mark nsubj aux mark acl obj punct case parataxis mark acl obj nsubj acl:relcl obj punct root An DET obligation NOUN is AUX the DET feeling NOUN that SCONJ you PRON ought AUX to PART do VERB something PRON , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN to PART help VERB someone PRON who PRON helped VERB you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 obligation det 2 obligation obligation NOUN Number=Sing 5 feeling nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 feeling cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 feeling det 5 feeling feeling NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that SCONJ _ 10 do mark 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 do nsubj 8 ought ought AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 do aux 9 to to PART _ 10 do mark 10 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 feeling acl 11 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 do obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 example punct 13 for for ADP _ 14 example case 14 example example NOUN Number=Sing 5 feeling parataxis 15 to to PART _ 16 help mark 16 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 example acl 17 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 16 help obj 18 who who PRON PronType=Rel 19 helped nsubj 19 helped help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 17 someone acl:relcl 20 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 19 helped obj 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 feeling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a obligation the feeling tree rules 2 do ought you something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 3 help to-infinitive a obligation not said here someone vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Beneficiary 4 help past you vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary
Meaning 3 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
In official writing, an obligation is a duty set by law or by a contract.
The tree, 15 words case amod obl punct det nsubj cop det acl case obl cc case det conj punct root In ADP official ADJ writing NOUN , PUNCT an DET obligation NOUN is AUX a DET duty NOUN set VERB by ADP law NOUN or CCONJ by ADP a DET contract NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 writing case 2 official official ADJ Degree=Pos 3 writing amod 3 writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 9 duty obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 writing punct 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 obligation det 6 obligation obligation NOUN Number=Sing 9 duty nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 duty cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 duty det 9 duty duty NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 set set VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 duty acl 11 by by ADP _ 12 law case 12 law law NOUN Number=Sing 10 set obl 13 or or CCONJ _ 16 contract cc 14 by by ADP _ 16 contract case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 contract det 16 contract contract NOUN Number=Sing 12 law conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 9 duty punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a obligation a duty official writing tree rules 2 set participle a duty not said here by law or a contract vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by law=Destination
Example 1 Parents have an obligation to keep their children safe.
nsubj det obj mark acl nmod:poss obj xcomp punct root Parents NOUN have VERB an DET obligation NOUN to PART keep VERB their PRON children NOUN safe ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Parents parent NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 obligation det 4 obligation obligation NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 5 to to PART _ 6 keep mark 6 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 obligation acl 7 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 children nmod:poss 8 children child NOUN Number=Plur 6 keep obj 9 safe safe ADJ Degree=Pos 6 keep xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Parents a obligation vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent obligation=Patient 2 keep to-infinitive Parents not said here Parents's children safe property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Theme
Example 2 You are under no obligation to buy anything.
nsubj cop case det mark acl obj punct root You PRON are AUX under ADP no DET obligation NOUN to PART buy VERB anything PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 obligation nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 obligation cop 3 under under ADP _ 5 obligation case 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 5 obligation det 5 obligation obligation NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 to to PART _ 7 buy mark 7 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 obligation acl 8 anything anything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 buy obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 obligation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present You no obligation tree rules 2 buy to-infinitive anything vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Theme
Example 3 She felt an obligation to help her neighbour after he fixed her bike.
nsubj det obj mark advcl nmod:poss obj mark nsubj advcl nmod:poss obj punct root She PRON felt VERB an DET obligation NOUN to PART help VERB her PRON neighbour NOUN after SCONJ he PRON fixed VERB her PRON bike NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 felt nsubj 2 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 obligation det 4 obligation obligation NOUN Number=Sing 2 felt obj 5 to to PART _ 6 help mark 6 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 felt advcl 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 neighbour nmod:poss 8 neighbour neighbour NOUN Number=Sing 6 help obj 9 after after SCONJ _ 11 fixed mark 10 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 fixed nsubj 11 fixed fix VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 help advcl 12 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 bike nmod:poss 13 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 11 fixed obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel past She a obligation vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent obligation=Theme 2 help to-infinitive She not said here her neighbour vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent neighbour=Beneficiary 3 fix past he her bike vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent bike=Patient
Example 4 Try the game free, no obligation.
det obj amod punct det conj punct root Try VERB the DET game NOUN free ADJ , PUNCT no DET obligation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Try try VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 game det 3 game game NOUN Number=Sing 1 Try obj 4 free free ADJ Degree=Pos 3 game amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 obligation punct 6 no no DET PronType=Neg 7 obligation det 7 obligation obligation NOUN Number=Sing 3 game conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Try punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 try imperative you not said here the game and no obligation vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Eventuality
Example 5 Going to school is a legal obligation for children.
csubj case obl cop det amod case nmod punct root Going VERB to ADP school NOUN is AUX a DET legal ADJ obligation NOUN for ADP children NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 obligation csubj 2 to to ADP _ 3 school case 3 school school NOUN Number=Sing 1 Going obl 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 obligation cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 obligation det 6 legal legal ADJ Degree=Pos 7 obligation amod 7 obligation obligation NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 for for ADP _ 9 children case 9 children child NOUN Number=Plur 7 obligation nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 obligation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go gerund school vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial_Location 2 is a present Going a legal obligation for children tree rules
Example 6 He helped out of a sense of obligation, not because he wanted to.
The tree, 13 words nsubj case case det obl case nmod punct advmod mark nsubj conj xcomp punct root He PRON helped VERB out ADP of ADP a DET sense NOUN of ADP obligation NOUN , PUNCT not PART because SCONJ he PRON wanted VERB to PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 helped nsubj 2 helped help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 out out ADP _ 6 sense case 4 of of ADP _ 6 sense case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sense det 6 sense sense NOUN Number=Sing 2 helped obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 obligation case 8 obligation obligation NOUN Number=Sing 6 sense nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 wanted punct 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 wanted advmod 11 because because SCONJ _ 13 wanted mark 12 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 wanted nsubj 13 wanted want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 helped conj 14 to to PART _ 13 wanted xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 helped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help out past He a sense of obligation vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sense=Beneficiary 2 not want past he vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 3 sense obligation nom sense «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Example 7 (formal) The tenant shall meet all obligations set out in this agreement.
The tree, 12 words punct amod punct det nsubj aux det obj acl compound:prt case det obl punct root ( PUNCT formal ADJ ) PUNCT The DET tenant NOUN shall AUX meet VERB all DET obligations NOUN set VERB out ADP in ADP this DET agreement NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 2 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 tenant amod 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 tenant det 5 tenant tenant NOUN Number=Sing 7 meet nsubj 6 shall shall AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 meet aux 7 meet meet VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 9 obligations det 9 obligations obligation NOUN Number=Plur 7 meet obj 10 set set VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 obligations acl 11 out out ADP _ 10 set compound:prt 12 in in ADP _ 14 agreement case 13 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 14 agreement det 14 agreement agreement NOUN Number=Sing 10 set obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 meet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 meet shall the formal tenant all obligations vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent obligation=Co-Agent 2 set out participle all obligations not said here this agreement vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 Keeping a promise is an obligation.
csubj det obj cop det punct root Keeping VERB a DET promise NOUN is AUX an DET obligation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keeping keep VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 obligation csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 promise det 3 promise promise NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keeping obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 obligation cop 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 obligation det 6 obligation obligation NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 obligation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep gerund a promise vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Theme 2 is a present Keeping a obligation tree rules
Example 9 Better poverty without a care than wealth with its many obligations.
amod case det nmod case nmod case nmod:poss amod nmod punct root Better ADJ poverty NOUN without ADP a DET care NOUN than ADP wealth NOUN with ADP its PRON many ADJ obligations NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 poverty amod 2 poverty poverty NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 without without ADP _ 5 care case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 care det 5 care care NOUN Number=Sing 2 poverty nmod 6 than than ADP _ 7 wealth case 7 wealth wealth NOUN Number=Sing 5 care nmod 8 with with ADP _ 11 obligations case 9 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 obligations nmod:poss 10 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 11 obligations amod 11 obligations obligation NOUN Number=Plur 7 wealth nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 poverty punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 obligate wealth nom obligation «act transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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