observance

Who acts: Observance, religious observance, family, Strict observance, Fasting, Different churches · What happens: follow, obey, observe, keep, rest, fast · To what, where: law, rules, Sabbath, Ramadan, ritual, daily prayer

«observance» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: observance in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Following or obeying a law, rule or custom: «observance of the rules».

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 observance	case
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	3 obeying	cc
3	obeying	obey	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Following	conj
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 law	det
5	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 obeying	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 rule	punct
7	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 law	conj
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 custom	cc
9	custom	custom	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rule	conj
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 observance	punct
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 observance	punct
12	observance	observance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 rules	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 rules	det
15	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 observance	nmod
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 observance	punct
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 observance	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	follow	gerund		vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	obey	gerund	a law and rule or custom	vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Theme
3	observe in a quote		the rules	nom observance «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: church, religion — kept apart, not parsed.

Keeping a religious day or practice, such as resting on the Sabbath or fasting in Ramadan.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 day	det
3	religious	religious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 day	amod
4	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Keeping	obj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 practice	cc
6	practice	practice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 day	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 resting	punct
8	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=SCONJ	10 resting	mark
9	as	as	ADP	_	8 such	fixed
10	resting	rest	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Keeping	conj
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 Sabbath	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Sabbath	det
13	Sabbath	Sabbath	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 resting	obl
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 fasting	cc
15	fasting	fast	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 resting	conj
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 Ramadan	case
17	Ramadan	Ramadan	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 fasting	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Keeping	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	where	when	roles by
1	keep	gerund		day	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	rest	gerund		on the Sabbath	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on sabbath=Location
3	fast	gerund	Ramadan		tree rules

Meaning 3

A ceremony or ritual held to mark a special day: «religious observances».

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 ceremony	det
2	ceremony	ceremony	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 ritual	cc
4	ritual	ritual	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ceremony	conj
5	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 ritual	acl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 mark	mark
7	mark	mark	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 held	advcl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 day	det
9	special	special	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 day	amod
10	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 mark	obj
11	:	:	PUNCT	_	14 observances	punct
12	«	«	PUNCT	_	14 observances	punct
13	religious	religious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 observances	amod
14	observances	observance	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ceremony	appos
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 observances	punct
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 ceremony	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	participle		ritual not said here					vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	mark	to-infinitive					day		vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

Observance of the Sabbath means resting on that day.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Observance	observance	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 Sabbath	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Sabbath	det
4	Sabbath	Sabbath	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Observance	nmod
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	resting	rest	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 means	xcomp
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 day	case
8	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 day	det
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 resting	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	mean	present	Observance of the Sabbath			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	rest not said to happen	gerund	Observance of the Sabbath not said here		day	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	observe			the Sabbath		nom observance «act transitive»: of=patient

Example 2

Her family's religious observance includes daily prayer.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 family	nmod:poss
2	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 observance	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 family	case
4	religious	religious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 observance	amod
5	observance	observance	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 includes	nsubj
6	includes	include	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	daily	daily	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 prayer	amod
8	prayer	prayer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 includes	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 includes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	include	present	Her family's religious observance	daily prayer					vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prayer=Theme
2	observe		Her family						nom observance «act transitive»: poss=agent

Example 3

The school closed in observance of the holiday.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 school	det
2	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 closed	nsubj:pass
3	closed	close	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 observance	case
5	observance	observance	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 closed	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 holiday	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 holiday	det
8	holiday	holiday	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 observance	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 closed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	close	participle · passive		the school				in observance of the holiday	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: subject=Patient in observance=Topic
2	observe			the holiday					nom observance «act transitive»: of=patient

Example 4

Strict observance of the rules kept everyone safe.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Strict	strict	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 observance	amod
2	observance	observance	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kept	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 rules	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 rules	det
5	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 observance	nmod
6	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	6 kept	obj
8	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 kept	xcomp
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 kept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past	Strict observance of the rules	everyone				safe property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everyone=Theme
2	observe			the rules					nom observance «act transitive»: of=patient

Example 5

Fasting is an important observance in Ramadan.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fasting	fasting	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 observance	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 observance	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 observance	det
4	important	important	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 observance	amod
5	observance	observance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 Ramadan	case
7	Ramadan	Ramadan	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 observance	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 observance	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Fasting	a important observance		Ramadan			tree rules

Example 6

Different churches have different observances in Lent.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 churches	amod
2	churches	church	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 observances	amod
5	observances	observance	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 Lent	case
7	Lent	Lent	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 observances	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Different churches	different observances		Lent			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent observance=Patient

Example 7

Many of these fables are characterized by the strictest observance of these rules.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 characterized	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 fables	case
3	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	4 fables	det
4	fables	fable	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Many	nmod
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 characterized	aux:pass
6	characterized	characterize	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	by	by	ADP	_	10 observance	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 observance	det
9	strictest	strict	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 observance	amod
10	observance	observance	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 characterized	obl:agent
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 rules	case
12	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	13 rules	det
13	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 observance	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 characterized	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	characterize	present · passive	the strictest observance of this rules	Many of this fables					vn characterize-29.2-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	observe			this rules					nom observance «act transitive»: of=patient

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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