only Who acts: Sam, only child, wish, I, opposite, you · What happens: mean, leave, know, have, show, stop · To what, where: more, 3, nothing, brothers, wish, one job · Speech: someone speaks here
«only» in the school dictionary: its 8 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: only in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Only means no more than, or just one. «Only 3 are left» means just 3 are left.
Sentence 1: Only means no more than, or just one.
advmod advmod obj fixed punct cc advmod obj punct root Only ADV means VERB no ADV more ADJ than ADP , PUNCT or CCONJ just ADV one NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 no no ADV _ 4 more advmod 4 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV 2 means obj 5 than than ADP _ 4 more fixed 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 one punct 7 or or CCONJ _ 9 one cc 8 just just ADV _ 9 one advmod 9 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 means obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present more tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: «Only 3 are left» means just 3 are left.
punct advmod nsubj:pass aux:pass nsubj punct advmod nsubj:pass aux:pass ccomp punct root « PUNCT Only ADV 3 NUM are AUX left VERB » PUNCT means VERB just ADV 3 NUM are AUX left VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 left punct 2 Only only ADV _ 3 3 advmod 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 left nsubj:pass 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 left aux:pass 5 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 means nsubj 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 left punct 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 just just ADV _ 9 3 advmod 9 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 left nsubj:pass 10 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 left aux:pass 11 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 means ccomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave in a quote present · passive 3 vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 leave present · passive 3 vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Meaning 2 Only means nothing or nobody else: «Only Sam knew».
advmod obj cc conj advmod punct punct advmod nsubj parataxis punct punct root Only ADV means VERB nothing PRON or CCONJ nobody PRON else ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT Only ADV Sam PROPN knew VERB » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 2 means obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 nobody cc 5 nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 3 nothing conj 6 else else ADV _ 5 nobody advmod 7 : : PUNCT _ 11 knew punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 11 knew punct 9 Only only ADV _ 10 Sam advmod 10 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 11 knew nsubj 11 knew know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 means parataxis 12 » » PUNCT _ 11 knew punct 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present nothing tree rules 2 know in a quote past Sam vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Meaning 3 An only child has no brothers or sisters.
det amod nsubj det obj cc conj punct root An DET only ADJ child NOUN has VERB no DET brothers NOUN or CCONJ sisters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 child det 2 only only ADJ Degree=Pos 3 child amod 3 child child NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 no no DET PronType=Neg 6 brothers det 6 brothers brother NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 sisters cc 8 sisters sister NOUN Number=Plur 6 brothers conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a only child no brothers or sisters vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Patient
Meaning 4 «If only» shows a wish: «If only it would stop raining».
The tree, 11 words punct mark advmod punct det obj punct punct mark advmod nsubj aux parataxis xcomp punct punct root « PUNCT If SCONJ only ADV » PUNCT shows VERB a DET wish NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT If SCONJ only ADV it PRON would AUX stop VERB raining VERB » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 shows punct 2 If if SCONJ _ 3 only mark 3 only only ADV _ 5 shows advmod 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 only punct 5 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 wish det 7 wish wish NOUN Number=Sing 5 shows obj 8 : : PUNCT _ 5 shows punct 9 « « PUNCT _ 14 stop punct 10 If if SCONJ _ 14 stop mark 11 only only ADV _ 14 stop advmod 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 stop nsubj 13 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 stop aux 14 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 shows parataxis 15 raining rain VERB VerbForm=Ger 14 stop xcomp 16 » » PUNCT _ 14 stop punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 shows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present a wish vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent wish=Recipient clause=Topic 2 stop a condition, not said to happen, in a quote would wish vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 3 rain in a quote gerund wish not said here vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
Meaning 5 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
Only can mean «but»: «I'd come, only I'm busy.».
The tree, 11 words advmod aux punct cc punct punct punct nsubj aux parataxis punct advmod nsubj cop conj punct punct punct root Only ADV can AUX mean VERB « PUNCT but CCONJ » PUNCT : PUNCT « PUNCT I PRON 'd AUX come VERB , PUNCT only ADV I PRON 'm AUX busy ADJ . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 3 mean advmod 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 « « PUNCT _ 6 » punct 5 but but CCONJ _ 6 » cc 6 » » PUNCT _ 3 mean punct 7 : : PUNCT _ 11 come punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 11 come punct 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 come nsubj 10 'd would AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 come aux 11 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 mean parataxis 12 , , PUNCT _ 16 busy punct 13 only only ADV _ 16 busy advmod 14 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 16 busy nsubj 15 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 busy cop 16 busy busy ADJ Degree=Pos 11 come conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 11 come punct 18 » » PUNCT _ 11 come punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 come in a quote would I vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 is in a quote present I busy property tree rules
Meaning 6 Usage: casual, sarcastic — kept apart, not parsed.
«Only the best for you» or «oh, only 3 hours late» says the opposite of what it means.
The tree, 18 words punct advmod det ccomp case obl punct cc punct discourse punct advmod nummod obl:unmarked conj punct det obj case nmod nsubj acl:relcl punct root « PUNCT Only ADV the DET best ADJ for ADP you PRON » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT oh INTJ , PUNCT only ADV 3 NUM hours NOUN late ADJ » PUNCT says VERB the DET opposite NOUN of ADP what PRON it PRON means VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 best punct 2 Only only ADV _ 4 best advmod 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 best det 4 best good ADJ Degree=Sup 17 says ccomp 5 for for ADP _ 6 you case 6 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 best obl 7 » » PUNCT _ 4 best punct 8 or or CCONJ _ 15 late cc 9 « « PUNCT _ 15 late punct 10 oh oh INTJ _ 15 late discourse 11 , , PUNCT _ 10 oh punct 12 only only ADV _ 13 3 advmod 13 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 14 hours nummod 14 hours hour NOUN Number=Plur 15 late obl:unmarked 15 late late ADJ Degree=Pos 4 best conj 16 » » PUNCT _ 17 says punct 17 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 opposite det 19 opposite opposite NOUN Number=Sing 17 says obj 20 of of ADP _ 21 what case 21 what what PRON PronType=Rel 19 opposite nmod 22 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 means nsubj 23 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 what acl:relcl 24 . . PUNCT _ 17 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present the opposite vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 mean present opposite vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 7 Usage: rough — kept apart, not parsed.
«Only a muppet would…» is a put-down; «you only had one job» mocks someone who failed.
The tree, 17 words punct advmod det nsubj aux punct punct cop det compound punct nsubj punct punct nsubj advmod parataxis nummod obj punct obj nsubj acl:relcl punct root « PUNCT Only ADV a DET muppet NOUN would AUX … PUNCT » PUNCT is AUX a DET put NOUN - PUNCT down ADV ; PUNCT « PUNCT you PRON only ADV had VERB one NUM job NOUN » PUNCT mocks VERB someone PRON who PRON failed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 would punct 2 Only only ADV _ 4 muppet advmod 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 muppet det 4 muppet muppet NOUN Number=Sing 5 would nsubj 5 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 down aux 6 … . PUNCT _ 5 would punct 7 » » PUNCT _ 5 would punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 down cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 down det 10 put put NOUN Number=Sing 12 down compound 11 - - PUNCT _ 12 down punct 12 down down ADV _ 21 mocks nsubj 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 17 had punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 17 had punct 15 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 17 had nsubj 16 only only ADV _ 17 had advmod 17 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 down parataxis 18 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 19 job nummod 19 job job NOUN Number=Sing 17 had obj 20 » » PUNCT _ 17 had punct 21 mocks mock VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 22 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 21 mocks obj 23 who who PRON PronType=Rel 24 failed nsubj 24 failed fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 22 someone acl:relcl 25 . . PUNCT _ 21 mocks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is would down property tree rules 2 have in a quote past you one job vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Patient 3 mock present someone vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme 4 fail past vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 8 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
«Solely», «exclusively» and «merely» are stiff words for only: «Admission is restricted exclusively to members.».
The tree, 15 words punct nsubj punct punct punct conj punct cc punct conj punct cop amod case nmod punct punct nsubj:pass aux:pass appos advmod case obl punct punct punct root « PUNCT Solely ADV » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT exclusively ADV » PUNCT and CCONJ « PUNCT merely ADV » PUNCT are AUX stiff ADJ words NOUN for ADP only ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT Admission NOUN is AUX restricted VERB exclusively ADV to ADP members NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Solely punct 2 Solely solely ADV _ 14 words nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Solely punct 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 exclusively punct 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 exclusively punct 6 exclusively exclusively ADV _ 2 Solely conj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 exclusively punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 merely cc 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 merely punct 10 merely merely ADV _ 2 Solely conj 11 » » PUNCT _ 10 merely punct 12 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 words cop 13 stiff stiff ADJ Degree=Pos 14 words amod 14 words word NOUN Number=Plur root root 15 for for ADP _ 16 only case 16 only only ADV _ 14 words nmod 17 : : PUNCT _ 21 restricted punct 18 « « PUNCT _ 21 restricted punct 19 Admission admission NOUN Number=Sing 21 restricted nsubj:pass 20 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 restricted aux:pass 21 restricted restrict VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 words appos 22 exclusively exclusively ADV _ 21 restricted advmod 23 to to ADP _ 24 members case 24 members member NOUN Number=Plur 21 restricted obl 25 . . PUNCT _ 21 restricted punct 26 » » PUNCT _ 21 restricted punct 27 . . PUNCT _ 14 words punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present stiff words tree rules 2 restrict in a quote present · passive Admission to members goal ; exclusively property vn limit-76 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Patient to member=Goal
Example 1 Only 4 apples are left.
advmod nummod nsubj aux:pass punct root Only ADV 4 NUM apples NOUN are AUX left VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 3 apples advmod 2 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 apples nummod 3 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 5 left nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 left aux:pass 5 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave present · passive 4 apples vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 2 She has only 2 dollars.
nsubj advmod nummod obj punct root She PRON has VERB only ADV 2 NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 only only ADV _ 4 2 advmod 4 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 dollars nummod 5 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 2 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present She 2 dollars vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dollar=Patient
Example 3 He is the only boy in the class.
nsubj cop det amod case det nmod punct root He PRON is AUX the DET only ADJ boy NOUN in ADP the DET class NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 boy nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 boy cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 boy det 4 only only ADJ Degree=Pos 5 boy amod 5 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 class case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 class det 8 class class NOUN Number=Sing 5 boy nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 boy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present He the only boy the class tree rules
Example 4 Only half of the cake was eaten.
advmod nsubj case det nmod aux:pass punct root Only ADV half NOUN of ADP the DET cake NOUN was AUX eaten VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 2 half advmod 2 half half NOUN Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 7 eaten nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 cake case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 cake det 5 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 2 half nmod 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 eaten aux:pass 7 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 eaten punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat past · passive half of the cake vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 5 She is an only child.
nsubj cop det amod punct root She PRON is AUX an DET only ADJ child NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 child nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 child cop 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 child det 4 only only ADJ Degree=Pos 5 child amod 5 child child NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 child punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present She a only child tree rules
Example 6 This door is for staff only.
det nsubj cop case advmod punct root This DET door NOUN is AUX for ADP staff NOUN only ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 2 door det 2 door door NOUN Number=Sing 5 staff nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 staff cop 4 for for ADP _ 5 staff case 5 staff staff NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 only only ADV _ 5 staff advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 staff punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present this door for staff tree rules
Example 7 If only I had brought my umbrella!
mark advmod nsubj aux nmod:poss obj punct root If SCONJ only ADV I PRON had AUX brought VERB my PRON umbrella NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 5 brought mark 2 only only ADV _ 5 brought advmod 3 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 brought nsubj 4 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 brought aux 5 brought bring VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 umbrella nmod:poss 7 umbrella umbrella NOUN Number=Sing 5 brought obj 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 brought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bring past · perfect I my umbrella vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent umbrella=Theme
Example 8 The only way out was through the window.
det amod nsubj advmod cop case det punct root The DET only ADJ way NOUN out ADV was AUX through ADP the DET window NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 way det 2 only only ADJ Degree=Pos 3 way amod 3 way way NOUN Number=Sing 8 window nsubj 4 out out ADV _ 3 way advmod 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 window cop 6 through through ADP _ 8 window case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 window det 8 window window NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 window punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the only way the window tree rules
Example 9 only 2 quid left after the shop, gutted (casual, UK)
advmod nummod acl case det obl punct acl punct conj punct appos punct root only ADV 2 NUM quid NOUN left VERB after ADP the DET shop NOUN , PUNCT gutted VERB ( PUNCT casual ADJ , PUNCT UK PROPN ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 only only ADV _ 3 quid advmod 2 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 quid nummod 3 quid quid NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 quid acl 5 after after ADP _ 7 shop case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 shop det 7 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 4 left obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 gutted punct 9 gutted gut VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 quid acl 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 casual punct 11 casual casual ADJ Degree=Pos 9 gutted conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 UK punct 13 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 3 quid appos 14 ) ) PUNCT _ 13 UK punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave participle 2 quid not said here after the shop vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 gut participle 2 quid not said here vn pit-10.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 10 Oh, only an hour late, well done (sarcastic)
discourse punct advmod det advmod punct advmod acl:relcl punct obj punct root Oh INTJ , PUNCT only ADV an DET hour NOUN late ADV , PUNCT well ADV done VERB ( PUNCT sarcastic NOUN ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oh oh INTJ _ 5 hour discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Oh punct 3 only only ADV _ 5 hour advmod 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 hour det 5 hour hour NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 late late ADV Degree=Pos 5 hour advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 done punct 8 well well ADV Degree=Pos 9 done advmod 9 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 hour acl:relcl 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 sarcastic punct 11 sarcastic sarcastic NOUN Number=Sing 9 done obj 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 sarcastic punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do participle a hour not said here sarcastic well property vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sarcastic=Eventuality
Example 11 You had one job — carry 6 eggs — and you broke 4. (rough)
Sentence 1: You had one job — carry 6 eggs — and you broke 4.
nsubj nummod obj punct conj nummod obj punct cc nsubj conj obj punct root You PRON had VERB one NUM job NOUN — PUNCT carry VERB 6 NUM eggs NOUN — PUNCT and CCONJ you PRON broke VERB 4 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 job nummod 4 job job NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 5 — - PUNCT _ 6 carry punct 6 carry carry VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 had conj 7 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 eggs nummod 8 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 6 carry obj 9 — - PUNCT _ 12 broke punct 10 and and CCONJ _ 12 broke cc 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 broke nsubj 12 broke break VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 had conj 13 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 broke obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past You one job vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Patient 2 carry infinitive You not said here 6 eggs vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Theme 3 break past you 4 vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer 4=Patient
Sentence 2: (rough)
punct punct root ( PUNCT rough ADJ ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 rough punct 2 rough rough ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 rough punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 12 Subsequent to the sale, a mere 4 items remained; the vendor had initially possessed 19. Determine the number sold. (formal exam)
Sentence 1: Subsequent to the sale, a mere 4 items remained; the vendor had initially possessed 19.
The tree, 15 words case det obl punct det appos nummod conj acl punct det nsubj:pass aux advmod conj obj punct root Subsequent ADJ to ADP the DET sale NOUN , PUNCT a DET mere NOUN 4 NUM items NOUN remained VERB ; PUNCT the DET vendor NOUN had AUX initially ADV possessed VERB 19 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Subsequent subsequent ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 to to ADP _ 4 sale case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 sale det 4 sale sale NOUN Number=Sing 1 Subsequent obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 mere punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 mere det 7 mere mere NOUN Number=Sing 4 sale appos 8 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 items nummod 9 items item NOUN Number=Plur 7 mere conj 10 remained remain VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 items acl 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 16 possessed punct 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 vendor det 13 vendor vendor NOUN Number=Sing 16 possessed nsubj:pass 14 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 possessed aux 15 initially initially ADV _ 16 possessed advmod 16 possessed possess VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Subsequent conj 17 19 19 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 16 possessed obj 18 . . PUNCT _ 1 Subsequent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remain participle 4 items not said here vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 possess past · perfect · passive the vendor initially property tree rules
Sentence 2: Determine the number sold.
det obj acl punct root Determine VERB the DET number NOUN sold VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Determine determine VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 number det 3 number number NOUN Number=Sing 1 Determine obj 4 sold sell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 number acl 5 . . PUNCT _ 1 Determine punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 determine imperative you not said here the number vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Topic 2 sell participle the number not said here vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent
Sentence 3: (formal exam)
punct amod punct root ( PUNCT formal ADJ exam NOUN ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 exam punct 2 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 3 exam amod 3 exam exam NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 exam punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 13 But the Skin Horse only smiled.
cc det compound nsubj advmod punct root But CCONJ the DET Skin PROPN Horse PROPN only ADV smiled VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 But but CCONJ _ 6 smiled cc 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Horse det 3 Skin Skin PROPN Number=Sing 4 Horse compound 4 Horse Horse PROPN Number=Sing 6 smiled nsubj 5 only only ADV _ 6 smiled advmod 6 smiled smile VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 smiled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smile past the Skin Horse vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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