oral Who acts: Oral, oral hygiene, mouth, We, I, Brushing · What happens: mean, speak, not write, do, talk, keep · To what, where: oral test, mouth, Oral medicine, speaking exam, oral exam, French · Speech: someone speaks here
«oral» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: oral in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Oral means spoken, not written: an oral test or an oral report is done by talking.
The tree, 16 words nsubj ccomp punct advmod conj punct det amod nsubj:pass cc det amod conj aux:pass parataxis mark advcl punct root Oral NOUN means VERB spoken VERB , PUNCT not PART written VERB : PUNCT an DET oral ADJ test NOUN or CCONJ an DET oral ADJ report NOUN is AUX done VERB by SCONJ talking VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oral oral NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means ccomp 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 written punct 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 written advmod 6 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 spoken conj 7 : : PUNCT _ 16 done punct 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 test det 9 oral oral ADJ Degree=Pos 10 test amod 10 test test NOUN Number=Sing 16 done nsubj:pass 11 or or CCONJ _ 14 report cc 12 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 report det 13 oral oral ADJ Degree=Pos 14 report amod 14 report report NOUN Number=Sing 10 test conj 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 done aux:pass 16 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means parataxis 17 by by SCONJ _ 18 talking mark 18 talking talk VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 16 done advcl 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Oral vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 speak speech: other participle vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 not write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 do present · passive a oral test or a oral report vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality 5 talk gerund vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Oral means to do with the mouth: oral hygiene is keeping your mouth and teeth clean.
The tree, 16 words nsubj mark ccomp case det obl punct amod nsubj aux parataxis nmod:poss obj cc conj xcomp punct root Oral NOUN means VERB to PART do VERB with ADP the DET mouth NOUN : PUNCT oral ADJ hygiene NOUN is AUX keeping VERB your PRON mouth NOUN and CCONJ teeth NOUN clean VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oral oral NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 do mark 4 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 means ccomp 5 with with ADP _ 7 mouth case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 mouth det 7 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 4 do obl 8 : : PUNCT _ 12 keeping punct 9 oral oral ADJ Degree=Pos 10 hygiene amod 10 hygiene hygiene NOUN Number=Sing 12 keeping nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 keeping aux 12 keeping keep VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 means parataxis 13 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 mouth nmod:poss 14 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 12 keeping obj 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 teeth cc 16 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 14 mouth conj 17 clean clean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 keeping xcomp 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Oral vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do not said to happen to-infinitive with the mouth vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 keep present · progressive oral hygiene your mouth and teeth tree rules 4 clean present your mouth and teeth not said here vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 Oral medicine is taken by mouth, swallowed, not injected.
amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct conj punct advmod xcomp punct root Oral ADJ medicine NOUN is AUX taken VERB by ADP mouth NOUN , PUNCT swallowed VERB , PUNCT not PART injected VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oral oral ADJ Degree=Pos 2 medicine amod 2 medicine medicine NOUN Number=Sing 4 taken nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 taken aux:pass 4 taken take VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 6 mouth case 6 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 4 taken obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 swallowed punct 8 swallowed swallow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 taken conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 injected punct 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 injected advmod 11 injected inject VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 swallowed xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 taken punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take present · passive mouth Oral medicine vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme 2 swallow past mouth not said here tree rules 3 not inject participle mouth not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 Usage: UK, noun — kept apart, not parsed.
An oral is a speaking exam, especially in a foreign language.
det nsubj cop det amod punct advmod case det amod conj punct root An DET oral NOUN is AUX a DET speaking VERB exam NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV in ADP a DET foreign ADJ language NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 oral det 2 oral oral NOUN Number=Sing 6 exam nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 exam cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 exam det 5 speaking speak VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 exam amod 6 exam exam NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 language punct 8 especially especially ADV _ 12 language advmod 9 in in ADP _ 12 language case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 language det 11 foreign foreign ADJ Degree=Pos 12 language amod 12 language language NOUN Number=Sing 6 exam conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 exam punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other gerund vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a oral a speaking exam and a foreign language tree rules
Example 1 We have an oral exam in French next week, so I am practising speaking.
The tree, 14 words nsubj det amod obj case nmod amod nmod:unmarked punct advmod nsubj aux advcl xcomp punct root We PRON have VERB an DET oral ADJ exam NOUN in ADP French PROPN next ADJ week NOUN , PUNCT so ADV I PRON am AUX practising VERB speaking VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 exam det 4 oral oral ADJ Degree=Pos 5 exam amod 5 exam exam NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 French case 7 French French PROPN Number=Sing 5 exam nmod 8 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 9 week amod 9 week week NOUN Number=Sing 7 French nmod:unmarked 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 practising punct 11 so so ADV _ 14 practising advmod 12 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 14 practising nsubj 13 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 practising aux 14 practising practise VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 have advcl 15 speaking speak VERB VerbForm=Ger 14 practising xcomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present We a oral exam French next week vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent exam=Patient 2 practise present · progressive I tree rules 3 speak speech: other gerund I not said here vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Brushing twice a day is good oral hygiene.
csubj advmod det obl:unmarked cop amod amod punct root Brushing VERB twice ADV a DET day NOUN is AUX good ADJ oral ADJ hygiene NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Brushing brush VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 hygiene csubj 2 twice twice ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 1 Brushing advmod 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 day det 4 day day NOUN Number=Sing 1 Brushing obl:unmarked 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 hygiene cop 6 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 8 hygiene amod 7 oral oral ADJ Degree=Pos 8 hygiene amod 8 hygiene hygiene NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 hygiene punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 brush gerund day twice property vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present Brushing good oral hygiene tree rules
Example 3 Take this oral medicine with a glass of water.
det amod obj case det obl case nmod punct root Take VERB this DET oral ADJ medicine NOUN with ADP a DET glass NOUN of ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 4 medicine det 3 oral oral ADJ Degree=Pos 4 medicine amod 4 medicine medicine NOUN Number=Sing 1 Take obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 glass case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 glass det 7 glass glass NOUN Number=Sing 1 Take obl 8 of of ADP _ 9 water case 9 water water NOUN Number=Sing 7 glass nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take imperative you not said here this oral medicine with a glass of water vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme
Example 4 My oral presentation was about volcanoes.
nmod:poss amod nsubj cop case punct root My PRON oral ADJ presentation NOUN was AUX about ADP volcanoes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 presentation nmod:poss 2 oral oral ADJ Degree=Pos 3 presentation amod 3 presentation presentation NOUN Number=Sing 6 volcanoes nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 volcanoes cop 5 about about ADP _ 6 volcanoes case 6 volcanoes volcano NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 volcanoes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past My oral presentation about volcanoes tree rules 2 present My nom presentation «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 Many old stories were passed down in an oral tradition before they were written.
The tree, 14 words amod amod nsubj:pass aux:pass compound:prt case det amod obl mark nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct root Many ADJ old ADJ stories NOUN were AUX passed VERB down ADP in ADP an DET oral ADJ tradition NOUN before SCONJ they PRON were AUX written VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 stories amod 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 stories amod 3 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 5 passed nsubj:pass 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 passed aux:pass 5 passed pass VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 down down ADP _ 5 passed compound:prt 7 in in ADP _ 10 tradition case 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 tradition det 9 oral oral ADJ Degree=Pos 10 tradition amod 10 tradition tradition NOUN Number=Sing 5 passed obl 11 before before SCONJ _ 14 written mark 12 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 written nsubj:pass 13 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 written aux:pass 14 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 passed advcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 passed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass down past · passive Many old stories a oral tradition vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme in tradition=Destination 2 write past · passive stories = story vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 6 We recorded Grandma's oral history of growing up on a farm.
nsubj nmod:poss case amod obj mark acl compound:prt case det obl punct root We PRON recorded VERB Grandma PROPN 's PART oral ADJ history NOUN of SCONJ growing VERB up ADP on ADP a DET farm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 recorded nsubj 2 recorded record VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 Grandma Grandma PROPN Number=Sing 6 history nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 Grandma case 5 oral oral ADJ Degree=Pos 6 history amod 6 history history NOUN Number=Sing 2 recorded obj 7 of of SCONJ _ 8 growing mark 8 growing grow VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 history acl 9 up up ADP _ 8 growing compound:prt 10 on on ADP _ 12 farm case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 farm det 12 farm farm NOUN Number=Sing 8 growing obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 recorded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 record past We Grandma's oral history vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent history=Theme 2 grow up gerund Grandma's oral history not said here a farm vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on farm=Location
Example 7 The dentist checks your oral health.
det nsubj nmod:poss amod obj punct root The DET dentist NOUN checks VERB your PRON oral ADJ health NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dentist det 2 dentist dentist NOUN Number=Sing 3 checks nsubj 3 checks check VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 health nmod:poss 5 oral oral ADJ Degree=Pos 6 health amod 6 health health NOUN Number=Sing 3 checks obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 checks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 check present the dentist your oral health vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent health=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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