pandemic Who acts: pandemic, that, we, Black Death, Washing, Scientists · What happens: be, spread, make, mean, close, learn · To what, where: outbreak, many countries, many people, home, terrible pandemic, hands
«pandemic» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pandemic in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A pandemic is an outbreak of an infectious disease that spreads across many countries or the whole world and makes very many people ill.
The tree, 24 words det nsubj cop det case det amod nmod nsubj parataxis case amod obl cc det amod nmod cc conj advmod amod obj xcomp punct root A DET pandemic NOUN is AUX an DET outbreak NOUN of ADP an DET infectious ADJ disease NOUN that PRON spreads VERB across ADP many ADJ countries NOUN or CCONJ the DET whole ADJ world NOUN and CCONJ makes VERB very ADV many ADJ people NOUN ill ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pandemic det 2 pandemic pandemic NOUN Number=Sing 5 outbreak nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 outbreak cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 outbreak det 5 outbreak outbreak NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 disease case 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 disease det 8 infectious infectious ADJ Degree=Pos 9 disease amod 9 disease disease NOUN Number=Sing 5 outbreak nmod 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 spreads nsubj 11 spreads spread VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 outbreak parataxis 12 across across ADP _ 14 countries case 13 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 14 countries amod 14 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 11 spreads obl 15 or or CCONJ _ 18 world cc 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 world det 17 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 18 world amod 18 world world NOUN Number=Sing 14 countries nmod 19 and and CCONJ _ 20 makes cc 20 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 spreads conj 21 very very ADV _ 22 many advmod 22 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 23 people amod 23 people people NOUN Number=Plur 20 makes obj 24 ill ill ADJ Degree=Pos 20 makes xcomp 25 . . PUNCT _ 5 outbreak punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a pandemic a outbreak of a infectious disease tree rules 2 spread present that many countries the whole world vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme across country=Destination 3 make present that not said here many people ill property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset people=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 As an adjective, pandemic means spreading everywhere.
case det obl punct nsubj xcomp advmod punct root As ADP an DET adjective NOUN , PUNCT pandemic NOUN means VERB spreading VERB everywhere ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 adjective case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 adjective det 3 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 6 means obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 adjective punct 5 pandemic pandemic NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 spreading spread VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 means xcomp 8 everywhere everywhere ADV PronType=Tot 7 spreading advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present pandemic as a adjective vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 spread not said to happen gerund pandemic not said here everywhere property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The COVID-19 pandemic closed schools around the world.
det compound punct flat amod appos case det nmod punct root The DET COVID PROPN - PUNCT 19 NUM pandemic NOUN closed VERB schools NOUN around ADP the DET world NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 pandemic det 2 COVID COVID PROPN Number=Sing 5 pandemic compound 3 - - PUNCT _ 4 19 punct 4 19 19 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 COVID flat 5 pandemic pandemic NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 closed close VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 schools amod 7 schools school NOUN Number=Plur 5 pandemic appos 8 around around ADP _ 10 world case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 world det 10 world world NOUN Number=Sing 7 schools nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 pandemic punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close participle vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 During the pandemic we learnt at home.
case det obl nsubj case obl punct root During ADP the DET pandemic NOUN we PRON learnt VERB at ADP home NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 During during ADP _ 3 pandemic case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 pandemic det 3 pandemic pandemic NOUN Number=Sing 5 learnt obl 4 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 learnt nsubj 5 learnt learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 at at ADP _ 7 home case 7 home home NOUN Number=Sing 5 learnt obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 learnt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past we home during the pandemic vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The Black Death was a terrible pandemic.
det amod nsubj cop det amod punct root The DET Black ADJ Death PROPN was AUX a DET terrible ADJ pandemic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Death det 2 Black black ADJ Degree=Pos 3 Death amod 3 Death Death PROPN Number=Sing 7 pandemic nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 pandemic cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 pandemic det 6 terrible terrible ADJ Degree=Pos 7 pandemic amod 7 pandemic pandemic NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 pandemic punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the Black Death a terrible pandemic tree rules
Example 4 Washing hands helps slow down a pandemic.
csubj obj xcomp compound:prt det obj punct root Washing VERB hands NOUN helps VERB slow VERB down ADP a DET pandemic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Washing wash VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 helps csubj 2 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 1 Washing obj 3 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 slow slow VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 helps xcomp 5 down down ADP _ 4 slow compound:prt 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 pandemic det 7 pandemic pandemic NOUN Number=Sing 4 slow obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wash gerund hands vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient 2 help present Washing vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 slow down infinitive Washing not said here a pandemic vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent pandemic=Patient
Example 5 Scientists made vaccines during the pandemic.
nsubj obj case det obl punct root Scientists NOUN made VERB vaccines NOUN during ADP the DET pandemic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 vaccines vaccine NOUN Number=Plur 2 made obj 4 during during ADP _ 6 pandemic case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 pandemic det 6 pandemic pandemic NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past Scientists vaccines during the pandemic vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset vaccine=Product
Example 6 A pandemic spreads to many countries.
det nsubj case amod obl punct root A DET pandemic NOUN spreads VERB to ADP many ADJ countries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pandemic det 2 pandemic pandemic NOUN Number=Sing 3 spreads nsubj 3 spreads spread VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 6 countries case 5 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 6 countries amod 6 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 3 spreads obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 spreads punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spread present a pandemic to many countries vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Grandma remembers the pandemic lockdowns.
nsubj det compound obj punct root Grandma NOUN remembers VERB the DET pandemic NOUN lockdowns NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 2 remembers nsubj 2 remembers remember VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 lockdowns det 4 pandemic pandemic NOUN Number=Sing 5 lockdowns compound 5 lockdowns lockdown NOUN Number=Plur 2 remembers obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 remembers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remember present Grandma the pandemic lockdowns vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent lockdown=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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