pat Who acts: pat, I, you, teacher, She, He · What happens: mean, touch, be, pat, have off, know · To what, where: someone, light, small flat piece, butter, something, pat · Speech: someone speaks here
«pat» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pat in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To pat means to touch someone or something gently and quickly with your flat hand, several times.
The tree, 17 words mark nsubj mark xcomp obj cc conj advmod cc conj case nmod:poss amod obl punct amod appos punct root To PART pat NOUN means VERB to PART touch VERB someone PRON or CCONJ something PRON gently ADV and CCONJ quickly ADV with ADP your PRON flat ADJ hand NOUN , PUNCT several ADJ times NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 pat mark 2 pat pat NOUN Number=Sing 3 means nsubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 touch mark 5 touch touch VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 touch obj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 something cc 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 someone conj 9 gently gently ADV _ 5 touch advmod 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 quickly cc 11 quickly quickly ADV _ 9 gently conj 12 with with ADP _ 15 hand case 13 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 hand nmod:poss 14 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 15 hand amod 15 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 5 touch obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 times punct 17 several several ADJ Degree=Pos 18 times amod 18 times time NOUN Number=Plur 15 hand appos 19 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present pat vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 touch not said to happen to-infinitive pat not said here someone with your flat hand; gently property vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent someone=Experiencer with hand=Instrument
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A pat is a light, gentle touch with your hand.
det nsubj cop det punct amod nmod case nmod:poss nmod punct root A DET pat NOUN is AUX a DET light NOUN , PUNCT gentle ADJ touch NOUN with ADP your PRON hand NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pat det 2 pat pat NOUN Number=Sing 5 light nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 light cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 light det 5 light light NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 touch punct 7 gentle gentle ADJ Degree=Pos 8 touch amod 8 touch touch NOUN Number=Sing 5 light nmod 9 with with ADP _ 11 hand case 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 hand nmod:poss 11 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 8 touch nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 light punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a pat a light gentle touch with your hand nmod tree rules
Meaning 3 A pat of butter is a small flat piece.
det nsubj case nmod cop det amod amod punct root A DET pat NOUN of ADP butter NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ flat ADJ piece NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pat det 2 pat pat NOUN Number=Sing 9 piece nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 butter case 4 butter butter NOUN Number=Sing 2 pat nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 piece cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 piece det 7 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 9 piece amod 8 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 9 piece amod 9 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 piece punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a pat of butter a small flat piece tree rules 2 pat butter nom pat «event transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 4 To have something off pat means to know it perfectly by heart.
mark ccomp obj compound:prt obj mark xcomp obj advmod case obl punct root To PART have VERB something PRON off ADP pat NOUN means VERB to PART know VERB it PRON perfectly ADV by ADP heart NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 have mark 2 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means ccomp 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 have obj 4 off off ADP _ 2 have compound:prt 5 pat pat NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 know mark 8 know know VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means xcomp 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 know obj 10 perfectly perfectly ADV _ 8 know advmod 11 by by ADP _ 12 heart case 12 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 8 know obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have off not said to happen to-infinitive something tree rules 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 know not said to happen to-infinitive pat by heart; perfectly property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
Example 1 Can I pat your dog?
aux nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root Can AUX I PRON pat VERB your PRON dog NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 pat aux 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 pat nsubj 3 pat pat VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 dog nmod:poss 5 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 3 pat obj 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 pat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pat can I your dog vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Experiencer
Example 2 Ask the owner before you pat a dog.
det obj mark nsubj advcl det obj punct root Ask VERB the DET owner NOUN before SCONJ you PRON pat VERB a DET dog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ask ask VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 owner det 3 owner owner NOUN Number=Sing 1 Ask obj 4 before before SCONJ _ 6 pat mark 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 pat nsubj 6 pat pat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Ask advcl 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 dog det 8 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 6 pat obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Ask punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask imperative you not said here the owner vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent owner=Recipient 2 pat present you a dog vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Experiencer
Example 3 Pat your skin dry with a towel.
nmod:poss obj xcomp case det obl punct root Pat VERB your PRON skin NOUN dry ADJ with ADP a DET towel NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pat pat VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 skin nmod:poss 3 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 1 Pat obj 4 dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Pat xcomp 5 with with ADP _ 7 towel case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 towel det 7 towel towel NOUN Number=Sing 4 dry obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Pat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pat imperative you not said here your skin dry property vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Experiencer
Example 4 The teacher gave me a pat on the back.
det nsubj iobj det obj case det obl punct root The DET teacher NOUN gave VERB me PRON a DET pat NOUN on ADP the DET back NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 gave iobj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 pat det 6 pat pat NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 7 on on ADP _ 9 back case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 back det 9 back back NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the teacher a pat me the back vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent i=Recipient pat=Theme on back=Asset
Example 5 She patted the dough into a circle.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root She PRON patted VERB the DET dough NOUN into ADP a DET circle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 patted nsubj 2 patted pat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 dough det 4 dough dough NOUN Number=Sing 2 patted obj 5 into into ADP _ 7 circle case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 circle det 7 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 2 patted obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 patted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pat past She the dough a circle vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dough=Theme
Example 6 He had the poem off pat.
nsubj det obj case obl punct root He PRON had VERB the DET poem NOUN off ADP pat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 poem det 4 poem poem NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 5 off off ADP _ 6 pat case 6 pat pat NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past He the poem off pat vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poem=Patient
Example 7 A pat of butter melted on the toast.
det case nmod acl case det obl punct root A DET pat NOUN of ADP butter NOUN melted VERB on ADP the DET toast NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pat det 2 pat pat NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 4 butter case 4 butter butter NOUN Number=Sing 2 pat nmod 5 melted melt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 pat acl 6 on on ADP _ 8 toast case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 toast det 8 toast toast NOUN Number=Sing 5 melted obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 pat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt participle a pat of butter not said here the toast vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 pat butter nom pat «event transitive»: of=patient
Example 8 And then his grandmother patted his head and told him other stories.
cc advmod nmod:poss nsubj nmod:poss obj cc conj iobj amod obj punct root And CCONJ then ADV his PRON grandmother NOUN patted VERB his PRON head NOUN and CCONJ told VERB him PRON other ADJ stories NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 5 patted cc 2 then then ADV PronType=Dem 5 patted advmod 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 grandmother nmod:poss 4 grandmother grandmother NOUN Number=Sing 5 patted nsubj 5 patted pat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 head nmod:poss 7 head head NOUN Number=Sing 5 patted obj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 told cc 9 told tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 patted conj 10 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 told iobj 11 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 12 stories amod 12 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 9 told obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 patted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pat past his grandmother his head then vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Experiencer 2 tell speech: assert past his grandmother not said here other stories him = he vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient story=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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