pear Who acts: pear, pear tree, tree, I, Ana, bag · What happens: be, grow, shape, mean, go, put · To what, where: sweet juicy fruit, tree, pears, one pear, table, 7 pears · Speech: someone speaks here
«pear» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pear in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A pear is a sweet, juicy fruit, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, with a green, yellow or brown skin.
The tree, 23 words det nsubj cop det amod punct amod punct amod case det obl cc conj case det obl punct case det amod punct conj cc conj conj punct root A DET pear NOUN is AUX a DET sweet ADJ , PUNCT juicy ADJ fruit NOUN , PUNCT narrow ADJ at ADP the DET top NOUN and CCONJ wide ADJ at ADP the DET bottom NOUN , PUNCT with ADP a DET green ADJ , PUNCT yellow ADJ or CCONJ brown ADJ skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pear det 2 pear pear NOUN Number=Sing 8 fruit nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 fruit cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 fruit det 5 sweet sweet ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fruit amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 sweet punct 7 juicy juicy ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fruit amod 8 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 narrow punct 10 narrow narrow ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fruit amod 11 at at ADP _ 13 top case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 top det 13 top top NOUN Number=Sing 10 narrow obl 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 wide cc 15 wide wide ADJ Degree=Pos 10 narrow conj 16 at at ADP _ 18 bottom case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 bottom det 18 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 15 wide obl 19 , , PUNCT _ 27 skin punct 20 with with ADP _ 27 skin case 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 27 skin det 22 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 27 skin amod 23 , , PUNCT _ 24 yellow punct 24 yellow yellow ADJ Degree=Pos 22 green conj 25 or or CCONJ _ 26 brown cc 26 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 22 green conj 27 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 10 narrow conj 28 . . PUNCT _ 8 fruit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a pear a sweet juicy fruit tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A pear tree is the tree that grows pears.
det compound nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl obj punct root A DET pear NOUN tree NOUN is AUX the DET tree NOUN that PRON grows VERB pears NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 tree det 2 pear pear NOUN Number=Sing 3 tree compound 3 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 6 tree nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 tree cop 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 tree det 6 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 grows nsubj 8 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 tree acl:relcl 9 pears pear NOUN Number=Plur 8 grows obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 tree punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a pear tree the tree tree rules 2 grow present the tree pears vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pear=Theme
Meaning 3 «Pear-shaped» means narrow at the top and wide at the bottom; «go pear-shaped» (UK) means go wrong.
The tree, 19 words punct compound punct csubj punct xcomp case det obl cc conj case det obl punct punct parataxis compound punct advcl punct punct parataxis punct parataxis ccomp xcomp punct root « PUNCT Pear NOUN - PUNCT shaped VERB » PUNCT means VERB narrow ADJ at ADP the DET top NOUN and CCONJ wide ADJ at ADP the DET bottom NOUN ; PUNCT « PUNCT go VERB pear NOUN - PUNCT shaped VERB » PUNCT ( PUNCT UK PROPN ) PUNCT means VERB go VERB wrong ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 shaped punct 2 Pear pear NOUN Number=Sing 4 shaped compound 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 Pear punct 4 shaped shape VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 means csubj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 shaped punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 narrow narrow ADJ Degree=Pos 6 means xcomp 8 at at ADP _ 10 top case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 top det 10 top top NOUN Number=Sing 7 narrow obl 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 wide cc 12 wide wide ADJ Degree=Pos 7 narrow conj 13 at at ADP _ 15 bottom case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 bottom det 15 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 12 wide obl 16 ; ; PUNCT _ 18 go punct 17 « « PUNCT _ 18 go punct 18 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 26 means parataxis 19 pear pear NOUN Number=Sing 21 shaped compound 20 - - PUNCT _ 19 pear punct 21 shaped shape VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 18 go advcl 22 » » PUNCT _ 18 go punct 23 ( ( PUNCT _ 24 UK punct 24 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 18 go parataxis 25 ) ) PUNCT _ 24 UK punct 26 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 means parataxis 27 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 26 means ccomp 28 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 27 go xcomp 29 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shape in a quote participle vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 2 mean present narrow property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 go in a quote infinitive vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 4 shape in a quote participle vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 5 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 6 go infinitive wrong property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 I put one pear on the table.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root I PRON put VERB one NUM pear NOUN on ADP the DET table NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 put nsubj 2 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 pear nummod 4 pear pear NOUN Number=Sing 2 put obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 table case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 table det 7 table table NOUN Number=Sing 2 put obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put past I one pear the table vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent pear=Theme on table=Destination
Example 2 Ana picked 7 pears and gave 2 to Jo.
nsubj nummod obj cc conj obj case obl punct root Ana PROPN picked VERB 7 NUM pears NOUN and CCONJ gave VERB 2 NUM to ADP Jo PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ana Ana PROPN Number=Sing 2 picked nsubj 2 picked pick VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 7 7 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 pears nummod 4 pears pear NOUN Number=Plur 2 picked obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 gave cc 6 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 picked conj 7 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 gave obj 8 to to ADP _ 9 Jo case 9 Jo Jo PROPN Number=Sing 6 gave obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 picked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pick past Ana 7 pears vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pear=Patient 2 give past Ana not said here 2 Jo vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent 2=Theme to jo=Recipient
Example 3 Each bag has 5 pears.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root Each DET bag NOUN has VERB 5 NUM pears NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 bag det 2 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 pears nummod 5 pears pear NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present each bag 5 pears vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pear=Patient
Example 4 This pear is soft and juicy.
det nsubj cop cc conj punct root This DET pear NOUN is AUX soft ADJ and CCONJ juicy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 2 pear det 2 pear pear NOUN Number=Sing 4 soft nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 soft cop 4 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 juicy cc 6 juicy juicy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 soft conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 soft punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present this pear soft property tree rules 2 be this pear not said here tree rules
Example 5 Pears grow on trees in the orchard.
nsubj case obl case det obl punct root Pears NOUN grow VERB on ADP trees NOUN in ADP the DET orchard NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pears pear NOUN Number=Plur 2 grow nsubj 2 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 4 trees case 4 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 2 grow obl 5 in in ADP _ 7 orchard case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 orchard det 7 orchard orchard NOUN Number=Sing 2 grow obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present Pears trees in the orchard vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on tree=Location
Example 6 I had a pear and some cheese for a snack.
nsubj det obj cc det conj case det nmod punct root I PRON had VERB a DET pear NOUN and CCONJ some DET cheese NOUN for ADP a DET snack NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 pear det 4 pear pear NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 cheese cc 6 some some DET PronType=Ind 7 cheese det 7 cheese cheese NOUN Number=Sing 4 pear conj 8 for for ADP _ 10 snack case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 snack det 10 snack snack NOUN Number=Sing 7 cheese nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past I a pear and some cheese for a snack vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pear=Patient
Example 7 Cut the pear and take out the core.
det obj cc conj compound:prt det obj punct root Cut VERB the DET pear NOUN and CCONJ take VERB out ADP the DET core NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cut cut VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 pear det 3 pear pear NOUN Number=Sing 1 Cut obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 take cc 5 take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Cut conj 6 out out ADP _ 5 take compound:prt 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 core det 8 core core NOUN Number=Sing 5 take obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut imperative you not said here the pear vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pear=Product 2 take out infinitive you not said here the core vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent core=Theme
Example 8 A light bulb is pear-shaped.
det compound obl:unmarked aux:pass compound punct punct root A DET light NOUN bulb NOUN is AUX pear NOUN - PUNCT shaped VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 bulb det 2 light light NOUN Number=Sing 3 bulb compound 3 bulb bulb NOUN Number=Sing 7 shaped obl:unmarked 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 shaped aux:pass 5 pear pear NOUN Number=Sing 7 shaped compound 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 pear punct 7 shaped shape VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 shaped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shape present · passive a light bulb vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»
Example 9 “Give me another basket of pears,” he said.
punct ccomp iobj det obj case nmod punct punct nsubj punct root “ PUNCT Give VERB me PRON another DET basket NOUN of ADP pears NOUN , PUNCT ” PUNCT he PRON said VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 2 Give punct 2 Give give VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 said ccomp 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 Give iobj 4 another another DET PronType=Ind 5 basket det 5 basket basket NOUN Number=Sing 2 Give obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 pears case 7 pears pear NOUN Number=Plur 5 basket nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 2 Give punct 9 ” " PUNCT _ 2 Give punct 10 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 said nsubj 11 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give in a quote infinitive another basket of pears me vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient basket=Theme 2 say speech: assert past he vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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