pearl Who acts: that, book, wisdom, Grandma, pearl, Divers · What happens: grow, use, pearl, say, wear, search · To what, where: oyster, jewellery, wise sayings, string, sea bed, pearls · Speech: someone speaks here
«pearl» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pearl in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A small hard shiny round thing, white or cream, that grows inside an oyster or some other shellfish and is used in jewellery.
The tree, 23 words det amod amod amod amod punct amod cc conj punct nsubj parataxis case det obl cc det amod conj cc aux:pass conj case obl punct root A DET small ADJ hard ADJ shiny ADJ round ADJ thing NOUN , PUNCT white ADJ or CCONJ cream NOUN , PUNCT that PRON grows VERB inside ADP an DET oyster NOUN or CCONJ some DET other ADJ shellfish NOUN and CCONJ is AUX used VERB in ADP jewellery NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 thing det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thing amod 3 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thing amod 4 shiny shiny ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thing amod 5 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thing amod 6 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 white punct 8 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thing amod 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 cream cc 10 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing 8 white conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 grows punct 12 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 grows nsubj 13 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 thing parataxis 14 inside inside ADP _ 16 oyster case 15 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 oyster det 16 oyster oyster NOUN Number=Sing 13 grows obl 17 or or CCONJ _ 20 shellfish cc 18 some some DET PronType=Ind 20 shellfish det 19 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 20 shellfish amod 20 shellfish shellfish NOUN Number=Sing 16 oyster conj 21 and and CCONJ _ 23 used cc 22 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 used aux:pass 23 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 grows conj 24 in in ADP _ 25 jewellery case 25 jewellery jewellery NOUN Number=Sing 23 used obl 26 . . PUNCT _ 6 thing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present that a oyster or some other shellfish vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside oyster=Location 2 use present · passive that not said here jewellery vn eat-39.1 «NP V»
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A very precious or excellent thing or person: a pearl of a book.
The tree, 13 words det advmod amod cc amod cc conj punct det appos case det nmod punct root A DET very ADV precious ADJ or CCONJ excellent ADJ thing NOUN or CCONJ person NOUN : PUNCT a DET pearl NOUN of ADP a DET book NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 thing det 2 very very ADV _ 3 precious advmod 3 precious precious ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thing amod 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 excellent cc 5 excellent excellent ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thing amod 6 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 person cc 8 person person NOUN Number=Sing 6 thing conj 9 : : PUNCT _ 11 pearl punct 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 pearl det 11 pearl pearl NOUN Number=Sing 6 thing appos 12 of of ADP _ 14 book case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 book det 14 book book NOUN Number=Sing 11 pearl nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 thing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pearl a book nom pearl «possession intransitive»: of=agent
Meaning 3 A pale shiny white colour.
det amod amod amod punct root A DET pale ADJ shiny ADJ white ADJ colour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 colour det 2 pale pale ADJ Degree=Pos 5 colour amod 3 shiny shiny ADJ Degree=Pos 5 colour amod 4 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 5 colour amod 5 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 colour punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 «Pearls of wisdom»: wise sayings (often said as a joke).
The tree, 10 words punct case nmod punct punct amod conj punct advmod acl case det obl punct punct root « PUNCT Pearls NOUN of ADP wisdom NOUN » PUNCT : PUNCT wise ADJ sayings NOUN ( PUNCT often ADV said VERB as ADP a DET joke NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Pearls punct 2 Pearls pearl NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 of of ADP _ 4 wisdom case 4 wisdom wisdom NOUN Number=Sing 2 Pearls nmod 5 » » PUNCT _ 2 Pearls punct 6 : : PUNCT _ 8 sayings punct 7 wise wise ADJ Degree=Pos 8 sayings amod 8 sayings saying NOUN Number=Plur 2 Pearls conj 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 said punct 10 often often ADV _ 11 said advmod 11 said say VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 sayings acl 12 as as ADP _ 14 joke case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 joke det 14 joke joke NOUN Number=Sing 11 said obl 15 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 said punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 Pearls punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert participle wise sayings not said here as a joke; often property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 pearl in a quote wisdom nom pearl «possession intransitive»: of=agent
Example 1 Grandma wears a string of pearls.
nsubj det obj case nmod punct root Grandma NOUN wears VERB a DET string NOUN of ADP pearls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 2 wears nsubj 2 wears wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 string det 4 string string NOUN Number=Sing 2 wears obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 pearls case 6 pearls pearl NOUN Number=Plur 4 string nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 wears punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear present Grandma a string of pearls vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent string=Source
Example 2 A pearl grows slowly inside an oyster.
det nsubj advmod case det obl punct root A DET pearl NOUN grows VERB slowly ADV inside ADP an DET oyster NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pearl det 2 pearl pearl NOUN Number=Sing 3 grows nsubj 3 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 slowly slowly ADV _ 3 grows advmod 5 inside inside ADP _ 7 oyster case 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 oyster det 7 oyster oyster NOUN Number=Sing 3 grows obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 grows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present a pearl a oyster slowly property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside oyster=Location
Example 3 Divers searched the sea bed for pearls.
nsubj det compound obj case obl punct root Divers NOUN searched VERB the DET sea NOUN bed NOUN for ADP pearls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Divers diver NOUN Number=Plur 2 searched nsubj 2 searched search VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bed det 4 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 5 bed compound 5 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 2 searched obj 6 for for ADP _ 7 pearls case 7 pearls pearl NOUN Number=Plur 2 searched obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 searched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 search past Divers the sea bed for pearls vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent bed=Location for pearl=Theme
Example 4 Her teeth were pearly white.
nmod:poss nsubj cop amod punct root Her PRON teeth NOUN were AUX pearly ADJ white ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 teeth nmod:poss 2 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 5 white nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 white cop 4 pearly pearly ADJ Degree=Pos 5 white amod 5 white white ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 white punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Her teeth white property tree rules
Example 5 He shared his pearls of wisdom about football.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case nmod case nmod punct root He PRON shared VERB his PRON pearls NOUN of ADP wisdom NOUN about ADP football NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 shared nsubj 2 shared share VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 pearls nmod:poss 4 pearls pearl NOUN Number=Plur 2 shared obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 wisdom case 6 wisdom wisdom NOUN Number=Sing 4 pearls nmod 7 about about ADP _ 8 football case 8 football football NOUN Number=Sing 6 wisdom nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 shared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 share past He his pearls of wisdom about football tree rules 2 pearl wisdom about football nom pearl «possession intransitive»: of=agent
Example 6 A necklace has 48 pearls; if 6 fall off, 42 are left.
The tree, 12 words det nsubj nummod obj punct mark nsubj parataxis compound:prt punct nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis punct root A DET necklace NOUN has VERB 48 NUM pearls NOUN ; PUNCT if SCONJ 6 NUM fall VERB off ADP , PUNCT 42 NUM are AUX left VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 necklace det 2 necklace necklace NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 48 48 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 pearls nummod 5 pearls pearl NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 fall punct 7 if if SCONJ _ 9 fall mark 8 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 fall nsubj 9 fall fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 has parataxis 10 off off ADP _ 9 fall compound:prt 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 42 punct 12 42 42 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 14 left nsubj:pass 13 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 left aux:pass 14 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 fall parataxis 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a necklace 48 pearls vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pearl=Patient 2 fall off a condition, not said to happen present 6 vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 3 leave present · passive 42 vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 7 The pirate's chest was full of gold and pearls.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop case obl cc conj punct root The DET pirate NOUN 's PART chest NOUN was AUX full ADJ of ADP gold NOUN and CCONJ pearls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pirate det 2 pirate pirate NOUN Number=Sing 4 chest nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 pirate case 4 chest chest NOUN Number=Sing 6 full nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 full cop 6 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 gold case 8 gold gold NOUN Number=Sing 6 full obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 pearls cc 10 pearls pearl NOUN Number=Plur 8 gold conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the pirate's chest of gold and pearls; full property tree rules
Example 8 What had become of those wonderful pearls?
nsubj aux case det amod obl punct root What PRON had AUX become VERB of ADP those DET wonderful ADJ pearls NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 become nsubj 2 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 become aux 3 become become VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 of of ADP _ 7 pearls case 5 those that DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 7 pearls det 6 wonderful wonderful ADJ Degree=Pos 7 pearls amod 7 pearls pearl NOUN Number=Plur 3 become obl 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 become punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 become past · perfect of that wonderful pearls vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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