peasant Who acts: peasant, poor farmer, today, small farm, Calling, they · What happens: be, work, have, give, mean, grow · To what, where: poor farmer, small piece, part, lord, farmer, food · Speech: someone speaks here
«peasant» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: peasant in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A peasant was a poor farmer or farm worker in the past, especially in the Middle Ages, who worked a small piece of land and often had to give part of the crops to a lord.
The tree, 36 words det nsubj cop det amod cc compound conj case det nmod punct advmod case det flat parataxis punct nsubj parataxis det amod obj case nmod cc advmod conj mark xcomp obj case det nmod case det obl punct root A DET peasant NOUN was AUX a DET poor ADJ farmer NOUN or CCONJ farm NOUN worker NOUN in ADP the DET past NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV in ADP the DET Middle PROPN Ages PROPN , PUNCT who PRON worked VERB a DET small ADJ piece NOUN of ADP land NOUN and CCONJ often ADV had VERB to PART give VERB part NOUN of ADP the DET crops NOUN to ADP a DET lord NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 peasant det 2 peasant peasant NOUN Number=Sing 6 farmer nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 farmer cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 farmer det 5 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 6 farmer amod 6 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 9 worker cc 8 farm farm NOUN Number=Sing 9 worker compound 9 worker worker NOUN Number=Sing 6 farmer conj 10 in in ADP _ 12 past case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 past det 12 past past NOUN Number=Sing 9 worker nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 18 Ages punct 14 especially especially ADV _ 18 Ages advmod 15 in in ADP _ 18 Ages case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 Ages det 17 Middle Middle PROPN Number=Sing 18 Ages flat 18 Ages Age PROPN Number=Plur 6 farmer parataxis 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 worked punct 20 who who PRON PronType=Rel 21 worked nsubj 21 worked work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 farmer parataxis 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 24 piece det 23 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 24 piece amod 24 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing 21 worked obj 25 of of ADP _ 26 land case 26 land land NOUN Number=Sing 24 piece nmod 27 and and CCONJ _ 29 had cc 28 often often ADV _ 29 had advmod 29 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 21 worked conj 30 to to PART _ 31 give mark 31 give give VERB VerbForm=Inf 29 had xcomp 32 part part NOUN Number=Sing 31 give obj 33 of of ADP _ 35 crops case 34 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 35 crops det 35 crops crop NOUN Number=Plur 32 part nmod 36 to to ADP _ 38 lord case 37 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 38 lord det 38 lord lord NOUN Number=Sing 31 give obl 39 . . PUNCT _ 6 farmer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past a peasant a poor farmer or farm worker in the past tree rules 2 work past a poor farmer or farm worker in the past a small piece of land vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent piece=Material 3 have past a poor farmer or farm worker in the past not said here often property tree rules 4 give to-infinitive a poor farmer or farm worker in the past not said here part of the crops a lord vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent part=Theme to lord=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In some countries today, peasant means a farmer on a small farm who grows food mostly for the family.
The tree, 19 words case det obl nsubj punct conj det obj case det amod nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj advmod case det obl punct root In ADP some DET countries NOUN today NOUN , PUNCT peasant NOUN means VERB a DET farmer NOUN on ADP a DET small ADJ farm NOUN who PRON grows VERB food NOUN mostly ADV for ADP the DET family NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 countries case 2 some some DET PronType=Ind 3 countries det 3 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 7 means obl 4 today today NOUN Number=Sing 7 means nsubj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 peasant punct 6 peasant peasant NOUN Number=Sing 4 today conj 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 farmer det 9 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 7 means obj 10 on on ADP _ 13 farm case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 farm det 12 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 13 farm amod 13 farm farm NOUN Number=Sing 9 farmer nmod 14 who who PRON PronType=Rel 15 grows nsubj 15 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 farm acl:relcl 16 food food NOUN Number=Sing 15 grows obj 17 mostly mostly ADV _ 15 grows advmod 18 for for ADP _ 20 family case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 family det 20 family family NOUN Number=Sing 15 grows obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present today and peasant a farmer on a small farm; in some countries vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot farmer=Theme in country=Attribute 2 grow present a small farm food for the family; mostly property vn build-26.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent food=Material for family=Beneficiary
Meaning 3 Usage: rude, insult — kept apart, not parsed.
Calling someone a peasant means they are uneducated or have bad manners; it is unkind.
The tree, 15 words csubj obj det obj nsubj cop ccomp cc conj amod obj punct nsubj cop conj punct root Calling VERB someone PRON a DET peasant NOUN means VERB they PRON are AUX uneducated ADJ or CCONJ have VERB bad ADJ manners NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX unkind ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Calling call VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 means csubj 2 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 1 Calling obj 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 peasant det 4 peasant peasant NOUN Number=Sing 1 Calling obj 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 uneducated nsubj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 uneducated cop 8 uneducated uneducated ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means ccomp 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 have cc 10 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 uneducated conj 11 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 12 manners amod 12 manners manners NOUN Number=Ptan 10 have obj 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 16 unkind punct 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 unkind nsubj 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 unkind cop 16 unkind unkind ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call gerund someone vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme peasant=Result 2 mean present Calling vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 is present they uneducated property tree rules 4 have present they not said here bad manners vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manners=Patient 5 is present peasant unkind property tree rules
Example 1 Most people in medieval England were peasants.
amod nsubj case amod nmod cop punct root Most ADJ people NOUN in ADP medieval ADJ England PROPN were AUX peasants NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 2 people amod 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 7 peasants nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 5 England case 4 medieval medieval ADJ Degree=Pos 5 England amod 5 England England PROPN Number=Sing 2 people nmod 6 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 peasants cop 7 peasants peasant NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 peasants punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Most people in medieval England peasants tree rules
Example 2 The peasants worked in the lord's fields for three days a week.
det nsubj case det nmod:poss case obl case nummod obl det obl:unmarked punct root The DET peasants NOUN worked VERB in ADP the DET lord NOUN 's PART fields NOUN for ADP three NUM days NOUN a DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 peasants det 2 peasants peasant NOUN Number=Plur 3 worked nsubj 3 worked work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 8 fields case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 lord det 6 lord lord NOUN Number=Sing 8 fields nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 lord case 8 fields field NOUN Number=Plur 3 worked obl 9 for for ADP _ 11 days case 10 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 days nummod 11 days day NOUN Number=Plur 3 worked obl 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 week det 13 week week NOUN Number=Sing 3 worked obl:unmarked 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 worked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work past the peasants day; week in the lord's fields vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in field=Theme
Example 3 In the Peasants' Revolt, peasants marched on London.
case det nmod:poss case obl punct nsubj case obl punct root In ADP the DET Peasants PROPN ' PART Revolt NOUN , PUNCT peasants NOUN marched VERB on ADP London PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 5 Revolt case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Peasants det 3 Peasants Peasant PROPN Number=Plur 5 Revolt nmod:poss 4 ' 's PART _ 3 Peasants case 5 Revolt revolt NOUN Number=Sing 8 marched obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 Revolt punct 7 peasants peasant NOUN Number=Plur 8 marched nsubj 8 marched march VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 on on ADP _ 10 London case 10 London London PROPN Number=Sing 8 marched obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 marched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 march past peasants the Peasants's Revolt on London vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in revolt=Trajectory 2 revolt the Peasants nom revolt «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 The peasant's cottage had one room shared with a cow.
det nmod:poss case nsubj nummod obj acl case det obl punct root The DET peasant NOUN 's PART cottage NOUN had VERB one NUM room NOUN shared VERB with ADP a DET cow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 peasant det 2 peasant peasant NOUN Number=Sing 4 cottage nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 peasant case 4 cottage cottage NOUN Number=Sing 5 had nsubj 5 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 room nummod 7 room room NOUN Number=Sing 5 had obj 8 shared share VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 room acl 9 with with ADP _ 11 cow case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 cow det 11 cow cow NOUN Number=Sing 8 shared obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the peasant's cottage one room vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent room=Patient 2 share participle one room not said here with a cow tree rules
Example 5 In the fairy tale, a poor peasant married the princess.
case det amod obl punct det amod nsubj det obj punct root In ADP the DET fairy ADJ tale NOUN , PUNCT a DET poor ADJ peasant NOUN married VERB the DET princess NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 tale case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 tale det 3 fairy fairy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 tale amod 4 tale tale NOUN Number=Sing 9 married obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 tale punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 peasant det 7 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 8 peasant amod 8 peasant peasant NOUN Number=Sing 9 married nsubj 9 married marry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 princess det 11 princess princess NOUN Number=Sing 9 married obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 married punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 marry past a poor peasant the princess the fairy tale vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent princess=Patient
Example 6 «You peasant!» he said — which was very rude.
punct nsubj ccomp punct punct nsubj punct nsubj cop advmod ccomp punct root « PUNCT You PRON peasant ADJ ! PUNCT » PUNCT he PRON said VERB — PUNCT which PRON was AUX very ADV rude ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 peasant punct 2 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 peasant nsubj 3 peasant peasant ADJ Degree=Pos 7 said ccomp 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 peasant punct 5 » » PUNCT _ 3 peasant punct 6 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 said nsubj 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 — - PUNCT _ 12 rude punct 9 which which PRON PronType=Rel 12 rude nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 rude cop 11 very very ADV _ 12 rude advmod 12 rude rude ADJ Degree=Pos 7 said ccomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past he vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is past rude property tree rules
Example 7 Peasant farmers in many countries still grow their own food.
amod nsubj case amod nmod advmod nmod:poss amod obj punct root Peasant ADJ farmers NOUN in ADP many ADJ countries NOUN still ADV grow VERB their PRON own ADJ food NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Peasant peasant ADJ Degree=Pos 2 farmers amod 2 farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 7 grow nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 5 countries case 4 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 5 countries amod 5 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 2 farmers nmod 6 still still ADV _ 7 grow advmod 7 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 food nmod:poss 9 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 10 food amod 10 food food NOUN Number=Sing 7 grow obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present Peasant farmers in many countries farmers's own food still vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location food=Theme
Example 8 "I've no money," said the peasant.
punct nsubj ccomp det obj punct punct det obj punct root " PUNCT I PRON 've AUX no DET money NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB the DET peasant NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 've punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 've nsubj 3 've have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 said ccomp 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 5 money det 5 money money NOUN Number=Sing 3 've obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 've punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 3 've punct 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 peasant det 10 peasant peasant NOUN Number=Sing 8 said obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past the peasant vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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