Mova0.5 pre-release⌕

☰

home / corpora / dictionaries / school dictionary / P / penicillin

penicillin

Who acts: mould, medicine, doctor, Alexander, mum, Penicillin · What happens: make, kill, be, use, treat, give · To what, where: medicine, mould, many bacteria, antibiotic, infections, penicillin

«penicillin» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: penicillin in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A medicine made from a mould that kills many bacteria; it is an antibiotic used to treat infections.

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 medicine	det
2	medicine	medicine	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 antibiotic	nsubj
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 medicine	acl
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 mould	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 mould	det
6	mould	mould	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 kills	nsubj
8	kills	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 mould	acl:relcl
9	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 bacteria	amod
10	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 kills	obj
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 antibiotic	punct
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 antibiotic	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 antibiotic	cop
14	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 antibiotic	det
15	antibiotic	antibiotic	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
16	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 antibiotic	acl
17	to	to	PART	_	18 treat	mark
18	treat	treat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 used	advcl
19	infections	infection	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 treat	obj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 antibiotic	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle		a medicine not said here		a mould			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from mould=Material
2	kill	present	a mould	many bacteria					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bacterium=Theme
3	is a	present	a medicine	a antibiotic					tree rules
4	use	participle		a antibiotic not said here					vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	treat	to-infinitive		infections					vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent infection=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

The doctor gave me penicillin for my sore throat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 doctor	det
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	nsubj
3	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 gave	iobj
5	penicillin	penicillin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	9 throat	case
7	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 throat	nmod:poss
8	sore	sore	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 throat	amod
9	throat	throat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 penicillin	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	the doctor	penicillin	me			for my sore throat	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent i=Recipient penicillin=Theme for throat=Asset

Example 2

Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin by accident.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Alexander	Alexander	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 discovered	nsubj
2	Fleming	Fleming	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Alexander	flat
3	discovered	discover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	penicillin	penicillin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 discovered	obj
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 accident	case
6	accident	accident	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 discovered	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 discovered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	discover	past	Alexander	penicillin				by accident	vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent penicillin=Topic

Example 3

Penicillin is made from a mould.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Penicillin	penicillin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 mould	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 mould	det
6	mould	mould	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Penicillin		a mould			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from mould=Material

Example 4

My mum is allergic to penicillin.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mum	nmod:poss
2	mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 allergic	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 allergic	cop
4	allergic	allergic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 penicillin	case
6	penicillin	penicillin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 allergic	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 allergic	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	My mum					to penicillin; allergic property	tree rules

Example 5

Penicillin kills bacteria but not viruses.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Penicillin	penicillin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 kills	nsubj
2	kills	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 kills	obj
4	but	but	CCONJ	_	6 viruses	cc
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 viruses	advmod
6	viruses	virus	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bacteria	conj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 kills	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	present	Penicillin	bacteria but viruses					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bacterium=Theme

Example 6

Finish the whole course of penicillin.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Finish	finish	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 course	det
3	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 course	amod
4	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Finish	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 penicillin	case
6	penicillin	penicillin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 course	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Finish	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	finish	imperative	you not said here	the whole course of penicillin					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality course=Eventuality

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/penicillin/