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perceive

Who acts: animals, we, Bats, He, cells, others · What happens: notice, become, perceive, understand, think, not hear · To what, where: sound, She, sounds, objects, change, voice

«perceive» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: perceive in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To notice or become aware of something through the senses: perceive a sound.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 notice	mark
2	notice	notice	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 become	cc
4	become	become	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 notice	conj
5	aware	aware	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 become	xcomp
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 something	case
7	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 aware	obl
8	through	through	ADP	_	10 senses	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 senses	det
10	senses	sens	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 something	nmod
11	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 perceive	punct
12	perceive	perceive	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 notice	conj
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 sound	det
14	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 perceive	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 notice	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	notice	to-infinitive							vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
2	become	infinitive						aware property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
3	perceive	infinitive		a sound					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To understand or think of something in a certain way.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 understand	mark
2	understand	understand	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 think	cc
4	think	think	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 understand	conj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 something	case
6	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 think	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 way	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 way	det
9	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 way	amod
10	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 something	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 understand	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	understand	to-infinitive							vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	think speech: other	infinitive						of something	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

She was perceived as shy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 perceived	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 perceived	aux:pass
3	perceived	perceive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	as	as	ADP	_	5 shy	case
5	shy	shy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 perceived	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 perceived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	past · passive		She				as shy	vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Theme as shy=Attribute

Example 1

Some animals can perceive sounds we cannot hear.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 animals	det
2	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 perceive	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 perceive	aux
4	perceive	perceive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 perceive	obj
6	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 hear	nsubj
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 hear	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 hear	advmod
9	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 sounds	acl:relcl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 perceive	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	can	some animals	sounds					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus
2	not hear	can	we	sounds not said here					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus

Example 2

Bats perceive objects by echoes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 perceive	nsubj
2	perceive	perceive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 perceive	obj
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 echoes	case
5	echoes	echo	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 perceive	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 perceive	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	present	Bats	objects				by echoes	vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer object=Stimulus

Example 3

He perceived a change in her voice.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 perceived	nsubj
2	perceived	perceive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 change	det
4	change	change	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 perceived	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 voice	case
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 voice	nmod:poss
7	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 change	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 perceived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	past	He	a change		her voice			vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer change=Stimulus

Example 4

The plan was perceived as unfair.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 plan	det
2	plan	plan	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 perceived	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 perceived	aux:pass
4	perceived	perceive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	as	as	ADP	_	6 unfair	case
6	unfair	unfair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 perceived	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 perceived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	past · passive		the plan				as unfair	vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Theme as unfair=Attribute

Example 5

Colour is perceived by cells in the eye.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 perceived	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 perceived	aux:pass
3	perceived	perceive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 cells	case
5	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 perceived	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 eye	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 eye	det
8	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 perceived	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 perceived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	present · passive	cells	Colour		the eye			vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer subject=Stimulus

Example 6

How do others perceive our school?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	4 perceive	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 perceive	aux
3	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 perceive	nsubj
4	perceive	perceive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 school	nmod:poss
6	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 perceive	obj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 perceive	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	present · do-support	others	our school					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer school=Stimulus

Example 7

The Ant, perceiving his design, stung him in the foot.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Ant	det
2	Ant	Ant	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 stung	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 perceiving	punct
4	perceiving	perceive	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 Ant	acl
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 design	nmod:poss
6	design	design	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 perceiving	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Ant	punct
8	stung	sting	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 stung	obj
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 foot	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 foot	det
12	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stung	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 stung	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	gerund	the Ant not said here	Ant's design					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer design=Stimulus
2	sting	past	the Ant	him = he		the foot			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer
3	design		Ant						nom design «act transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/perceive/