perception Who acts: person, their, others, Owls, Optical illusions, our · What happens: notice, understand, see, touch, taste, smell · To what, where: things, way, something, amazing depth perception, perception, new teacher
«perception» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: perception in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Noticing and understanding things with your senses — seeing, hearing, touching, tasting, smelling.
The tree, 12 words cc conj obj case nmod:poss obl punct conj punct conj punct conj punct conj punct conj punct root Noticing VERB and CCONJ understanding VERB things NOUN with ADP your PRON senses NOUN — PUNCT seeing VERB , PUNCT hearing NOUN , PUNCT touching VERB , PUNCT tasting VERB , PUNCT smelling VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Noticing notice VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 understanding cc 3 understanding understand VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Noticing conj 4 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 3 understanding obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 senses case 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 senses nmod:poss 7 senses sens NOUN Number=Plur 3 understanding obl 8 — - PUNCT _ 9 seeing punct 9 seeing see VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Noticing conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 hearing punct 11 hearing hearing NOUN Number=Sing 9 seeing conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 touching punct 13 touching touch VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 seeing conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 tasting punct 15 tasting taste VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 13 touching conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 smelling punct 17 smelling smell VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 seeing conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 1 Noticing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 notice gerund vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 2 understand gerund things with your senses vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus 3 see gerund vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 4 touch gerund vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 5 taste gerund vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 6 smell gerund vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The way a person thinks about or understands something; their view or impression.
The tree, 13 words det obl:unmarked det nsubj advmod cc conj obj punct nmod:poss ccomp cc conj punct root The DET way NOUN a DET person NOUN thinks VERB about ADV or CCONJ understands VERB something PRON ; PUNCT their PRON view NOUN or CCONJ impression NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 way det 2 way way NOUN Number=Sing 5 thinks obl:unmarked 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 person det 4 person person NOUN Number=Sing 5 thinks nsubj 5 thinks think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 about about ADV _ 5 thinks advmod 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 understands cc 8 understands understand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 thinks conj 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 understands obj 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 12 view punct 11 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 view nmod:poss 12 view view NOUN Number=Sing 5 thinks ccomp 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 impression cc 14 impression impression NOUN Number=Sing 12 view conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 thinks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think about speech: other present a person the way about property vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 understand present a person not said here something vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus 3 view their = they nom view «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 3 Being good at noticing things that others miss: «a girl of great perception».
The tree, 13 words cop csubj mark advcl obj obj nsubj acl:relcl punct punct det case amod nmod punct punct root Being AUX good ADJ at SCONJ noticing VERB things NOUN that PRON others NOUN miss VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT a DET girl NOUN of ADP great ADJ perception NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 good cop 2 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 12 girl csubj 3 at at SCONJ _ 4 noticing mark 4 noticing notice VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 good advcl 5 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 4 noticing obj 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 miss obj 7 others other NOUN Number=Plur 8 miss nsubj 8 miss miss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 things acl:relcl 9 : : PUNCT _ 12 girl punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 12 girl punct 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 girl det 12 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 of of ADP _ 15 perception case 14 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 15 perception amod 15 perception perception NOUN Number=Sing 12 girl nmod 16 » » PUNCT _ 12 girl punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 12 girl punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is gerund good property tree rules 2 notice gerund things vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus 3 miss present others things vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus
Example 1 Owls have amazing depth perception at night.
nsubj amod compound obj case obl punct root Owls NOUN have VERB amazing ADJ depth NOUN perception NOUN at ADP night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Owls owl NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 amazing amazing ADJ Degree=Pos 5 perception amod 4 depth depth NOUN Number=Sing 5 perception compound 5 perception perception NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 6 at at ADP _ 7 night case 7 night night NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Owls amazing depth perception night vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent perception=Patient
Example 2 Optical illusions fool our perception.
amod nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root Optical ADJ illusions NOUN fool VERB our PRON perception NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Optical optical ADJ Degree=Pos 2 illusions amod 2 illusions illusion NOUN Number=Plur 3 fool nsubj 3 fool fool VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 perception nmod:poss 5 perception perception NOUN Number=Sing 3 fool obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 fool punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fool present Optical illusions our perception vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent perception=Patient 2 perceive our nom perception «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 Her perception of the new teacher changed after a week.
nmod:poss nsubj case det amod nmod case det obl punct root Her PRON perception NOUN of ADP the DET new ADJ teacher NOUN changed VERB after ADP a DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 perception nmod:poss 2 perception perception NOUN Number=Sing 7 changed nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 6 teacher case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 teacher det 5 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 6 teacher amod 6 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 2 perception nmod 7 changed change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 after after ADP _ 10 week case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 week det 10 week week NOUN Number=Sing 7 changed obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 changed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 change past Her perception of the new teacher week vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 perceive Her = she the new teacher nom perception «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient
Example 4 The detective's sharp perception solved the case.
det nmod:poss case amod nsubj det obj punct root The DET detective NOUN 's PART sharp ADJ perception NOUN solved VERB the DET case NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 detective det 2 detective detective NOUN Number=Sing 5 perception nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 detective case 4 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 5 perception amod 5 perception perception NOUN Number=Sing 6 solved nsubj 6 solved solve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 case det 8 case case NOUN Number=Sing 6 solved obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 solved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 solve past the detective's sharp perception the case vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent case=Topic 2 perceive the detective nom perception «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 Our perception of time speeds up when we are having fun.
nmod:poss nsubj case nmod compound:prt mark nsubj aux advcl obj punct root Our PRON perception NOUN of ADP time NOUN speeds VERB up ADP when SCONJ we PRON are AUX having VERB fun NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 perception nmod:poss 2 perception perception NOUN Number=Sing 5 speeds nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 time case 4 time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 perception nmod 5 speeds speed VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 up up ADP _ 5 speeds compound:prt 7 when when SCONJ _ 10 having mark 8 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 having nsubj 9 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 having aux 10 having have VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 speeds advcl 11 fun fun NOUN Number=Sing 10 having obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 speeds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speed up present Our perception of time vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 have present · progressive we fun vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fun=Patient 3 perceive Our time nom perception «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient
Example 6 Smell is an important part of our perception of taste.
nsubj cop det amod case nmod:poss nmod case nmod punct root Smell NOUN is AUX an DET important ADJ part NOUN of ADP our PRON perception NOUN of ADP taste NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Smell smell NOUN Number=Sing 5 part nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 part cop 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 part det 4 important important ADJ Degree=Pos 5 part amod 5 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 perception case 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 perception nmod:poss 8 perception perception NOUN Number=Sing 5 part nmod 9 of of ADP _ 10 taste case 10 taste taste NOUN Number=Sing 8 perception nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Smell a important part of our perception of taste tree rules 2 perceive our taste nom perception «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient
Example 7 People's perception of the beach was that it was dirty.
nmod:poss case nsubj case det nmod cop mark nsubj cop punct root People NOUN 's PART perception NOUN of ADP the DET beach NOUN was AUX that SCONJ it PRON was AUX dirty ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 3 perception nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 People case 3 perception perception NOUN Number=Sing 11 dirty nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 6 beach case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 beach det 6 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 3 perception nmod 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 dirty cop 8 that that SCONJ _ 11 dirty mark 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 dirty nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 dirty cop 11 dirty dirty ADJ Degree=Pos root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 dirty punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past People's perception of the beach dirty property tree rules 2 perceive People the beach nom perception «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient
Example 8 The test checks your perception of colours.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj case nmod punct root The DET test NOUN checks VERB your PRON perception NOUN of ADP colours NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 test det 2 test test NOUN Number=Sing 3 checks nsubj 3 checks check VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 perception nmod:poss 5 perception perception NOUN Number=Sing 3 checks obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 colours case 7 colours colour NOUN Number=Plur 5 perception nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 checks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 check present the test your perception of colours vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent perception=Theme 2 perceive your colours nom perception «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient
Example 9 I have a clear perception of everything as if I were wide awake.
nsubj det amod obj case nmod mark mark nsubj cop advmod advcl punct root I PRON have VERB a DET clear ADJ perception NOUN of ADP everything PRON as SCONJ if SCONJ I PRON were AUX wide ADV awake ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 perception det 4 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 5 perception amod 5 perception perception NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 everything case 7 everything everything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 5 perception nmod 8 as as SCONJ _ 13 awake mark 9 if if SCONJ _ 13 awake mark 10 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 13 awake nsubj 11 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 awake cop 12 wide wide ADV _ 13 awake advmod 13 awake awake ADJ Degree=Pos 2 have advcl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present I a clear perception of everything vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent perception=Patient 2 is past I awake, wide property tree rules 3 perceive everything nom perception «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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