perch Who acts: perch, bird, people, parrot, I, Dad · What happens: be, stick, sit, mean, do, perch · To what, where: bar, something, way, high place, freshwater fish, spiny fins
«perch» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: perch in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A perch is a branch, bar or stick where a bird sits.
det nsubj cop det nsubj punct cc conj advmod det nsubj ccomp punct root A DET perch NOUN is AUX a DET branch NOUN , PUNCT bar NOUN or CCONJ stick VERB where ADV a DET bird NOUN sits VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 perch det 2 perch perch NOUN Number=Sing 7 bar nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 bar cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 branch det 5 branch branch NOUN Number=Sing 7 bar nsubj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 bar punct 7 bar bar NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 stick cc 9 stick stick VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 bar conj 10 where where ADV PronType=Rel 13 sits advmod 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 bird det 12 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 13 sits nsubj 13 sits sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 stick ccomp 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 bar punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a perch bar tree rules 2 stick infinitive a perch not said here tree rules 3 sit present a bird vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To perch means to sit on something high or narrow, the way a bird does.
The tree, 15 words mark nsubj mark xcomp case obl amod cc conj punct det appos det nsubj acl:relcl punct root To PART perch NOUN means VERB to PART sit VERB on ADP something PRON high ADJ or CCONJ narrow ADJ , PUNCT the DET way NOUN a DET bird NOUN does VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 perch mark 2 perch perch NOUN Number=Sing 3 means nsubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 sit mark 5 sit sit VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 on on ADP _ 7 something case 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 sit obl 8 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 7 something amod 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 narrow cc 10 narrow narrow ADJ Degree=Pos 8 high conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 way punct 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 way det 13 way way NOUN Number=Sing 7 something appos 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 bird det 15 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 16 does nsubj 16 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 way acl:relcl 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present perch vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 sit not said to happen to-infinitive perch not said here something vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on something=Location 3 do present a bird the way not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Eventuality
Meaning 3 To perch something is to put it in a high or wobbly place.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj case det amod cc conj obl punct root To PART perch VERB something PRON is AUX to PART put VERB it PRON in ADP a DET high ADJ or CCONJ wobbly ADJ place NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 perch mark 2 perch perch VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 put advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 perch obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 put cop 5 to to PART _ 6 put mark 6 put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 put obj 8 in in ADP _ 13 place case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 place det 10 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 13 place amod 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 wobbly cc 12 wobbly wobbly ADJ Degree=Pos 10 high conj 13 place place NOUN Number=Sing 6 put obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 perch to-infinitive something vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location something=Theme 2 is present a high place put property tree rules
Meaning 4 A perch is also a freshwater fish with spiny fins that people catch and eat.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop advmod det compound case amod nmod obj nsubj acl:relcl cc conj punct root A DET perch NOUN is AUX also ADV a DET freshwater NOUN fish NOUN with ADP spiny ADJ fins NOUN that PRON people NOUN catch VERB and CCONJ eat VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 perch det 2 perch perch NOUN Number=Sing 7 fish nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 fish cop 4 also also ADV _ 7 fish advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 fish det 6 freshwater freshwater NOUN Number=Sing 7 fish compound 7 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 with with ADP _ 10 fins case 9 spiny spiny ADJ Degree=Pos 10 fins amod 10 fins fin NOUN Number=Plur 7 fish nmod 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 catch obj 12 people people NOUN Number=Plur 13 catch nsubj 13 catch catch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 fins acl:relcl 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 eat cc 15 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 catch conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 7 fish punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a perch a freshwater fish with spiny fins tree rules 2 catch present people spiny fins vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme 3 eat present people not said here vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The parrot hopped onto its wooden perch.
det nsubj case nmod:poss amod obl punct root The DET parrot NOUN hopped VERB onto ADP its PRON wooden ADJ perch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 parrot det 2 parrot parrot NOUN Number=Sing 3 hopped nsubj 3 hopped hop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 onto onto ADP _ 7 perch case 5 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 perch nmod:poss 6 wooden wooden ADJ Degree=Pos 7 perch amod 7 perch perch NOUN Number=Sing 3 hopped obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 hopped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hop past the parrot parrot's wooden perch vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme onto perch=Trajectory
Example 2 A robin perched on the garden fence.
det acl case det compound obl punct root A DET robin NOUN perched VERB on ADP the DET garden NOUN fence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 robin det 2 robin robin NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 perched perch VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 robin acl 4 on on ADP _ 7 fence case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 fence det 6 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 7 fence compound 7 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 3 perched obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 robin punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 perch participle a robin not said here the garden fence vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on fence=Location
Example 3 I perched on the edge of the bed, waiting for news.
nsubj case det obl case det nmod punct advcl case obl punct root I PRON perched VERB on ADP the DET edge NOUN of ADP the DET bed NOUN , PUNCT waiting VERB for ADP news NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 perched nsubj 2 perched perch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 5 edge case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 edge det 5 edge edge NOUN Number=Sing 2 perched obl 6 of of ADP _ 8 bed case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 bed det 8 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 5 edge nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 waiting punct 10 waiting wait VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 perched advcl 11 for for ADP _ 12 news case 12 news news NOUN Number=Sing 10 waiting obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 perched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 perch past I the edge of the bed vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on edge=Location 2 wait gerund I not said here for news vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 His glasses were perched on the end of his nose.
nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root His PRON glasses NOUN were AUX perched VERB on ADP the DET end NOUN of ADP his PRON nose NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 glasses nmod:poss 2 glasses glass NOUN Number=Plur 4 perched nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 perched aux:pass 4 perched perch VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 end case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 end det 7 end end NOUN Number=Sing 4 perched obl 8 of of ADP _ 10 nose case 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 nose nmod:poss 10 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 7 end nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 perched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 perch past · passive His glasses on the end of his nose vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on end=Destination
Example 5 The castle was perched on top of a steep hill.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl case det amod nmod punct root The DET castle NOUN was AUX perched VERB on ADP top NOUN of ADP a DET steep ADJ hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 castle det 2 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 4 perched nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 perched aux:pass 4 perched perch VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 on on ADP _ 6 top case 6 top top NOUN Number=Sing 4 perched obl 7 of of ADP _ 10 hill case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 hill det 9 steep steep ADJ Degree=Pos 10 hill amod 10 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 6 top nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 perched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 perch past · passive the castle top of a steep hill vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on top=Destination
Example 6 Dad caught three perch at the lake.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root Dad NOUN caught VERB three NUM perch NOUN at ADP the DET lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 caught nsubj 2 caught catch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 perch nummod 4 perch perch NOUN Number=Sing 2 caught obj 5 at at ADP _ 7 lake case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 lake det 7 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 2 caught obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 caught punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 catch past Dad three perch the lake vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent perch=Theme at lake=Asset
Example 7 Owls watch for mice from a high perch.
nsubj case obl case det amod obl punct root Owls NOUN watch VERB for ADP mice NOUN from ADP a DET high ADJ perch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Owls owl NOUN Number=Plur 2 watch nsubj 2 watch watch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 4 mice case 4 mice mouse NOUN Number=Plur 2 watch obl 5 from from ADP _ 8 perch case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 perch det 7 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 8 perch amod 8 perch perch NOUN Number=Sing 2 watch obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 watch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 watch present Owls a high perch for mice vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for mouse=Theme
Example 8 The raven perched upon a tree very joyfully.
det acl case det obl advmod advmod punct root The DET raven NOUN perched VERB upon ADP a DET tree NOUN very ADV joyfully ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 raven det 2 raven raven NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 perched perch VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 raven acl 4 upon upon ADP _ 6 tree case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 tree det 6 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 3 perched obl 7 very very ADV _ 8 joyfully advmod 8 joyfully joyfully ADV _ 3 perched advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 raven punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 perch participle the raven not said here a tree joyfully property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon tree=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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