perish

Who acts: you, rubber, I, Fresh fruit, It · What happens: die, rot, go, destroy, get, perish · To what, where: food, thought, that, I, Many animals, bushfire · Speech: someone speaks here

«perish» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: perish in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

To die, especially in an accident, disaster or war.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 die	mark
2	die	die	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 accident	punct
4	especially	especially	ADV	_	7 accident	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 accident	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 accident	det
7	accident	accident	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 die	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 disaster	punct
9	disaster	disaster	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 accident	conj
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 war	cc
11	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 accident	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 die	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	die	to-infinitive						in a accident and disaster or war	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in accident=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To rot, go bad or be destroyed, like food or rubber getting old.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 rot	mark
2	rot	rot	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 go	advcl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 rot	punct
4	go	go	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 go	xcomp
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 destroyed	cc
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 destroyed	aux:pass
8	destroyed	destroy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 go	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 food	punct
10	like	like	ADP	_	11 food	case
11	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 destroyed	obj
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 rubber	cc
13	rubber	rubber	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 food	conj
14	getting	get	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 rubber	acl
15	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 getting	xcomp
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 go	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	rot	to-infinitive	you not said here			vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	go	imperative	you not said here		bad property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	destroy	infinitive · passive	you not said here	food or rubber		vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: food=Patient
4	get	gerund	rubber not said here		old property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Meaning 3

«Perish the thought» means "I hope that never happens".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Perish	punct
2	Perish	perish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 means	csubj
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 thought	det
4	thought	thought	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Perish	obj
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Perish	punct
6	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 hope	punct
8	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 hope	nsubj
9	hope	hope	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 means	ccomp
10	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 hope	obj
11	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	12 happens	advmod
12	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 hope	ccomp
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 happens	punct
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	perish in a quote	infinitive		the thought	tree rules
2	mean	present			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	hope in a quote	present	I	that	tree rules
4	not happen in a quote	present			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Meaning 4

Usage: UK informal — kept apart, not parsed.

«Perished» or «perishing» means very cold.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Perished	punct
2	Perished	perish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 means	nsubj
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Perished	punct
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 perishing	cc
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 perishing	punct
6	perishing	perish	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 Perished	advcl
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 perishing	punct
8	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 cold	advmod
10	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 means	xcomp
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	other	roles by
1	perish in a quote	participle		vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	perish in a quote	gerund		vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	mean	present	cold property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"I'm perished!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 perished	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 perished	nsubj
3	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 perished	aux:pass
4	perished	perish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 perished	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 perished	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perish in a quote	present · passive		I					tree rules

Example 1

Many animals perished in the bushfire.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 animals	amod
2	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	perished	perish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 animals	acl
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 bushfire	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bushfire	det
6	bushfire	bushfire	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 perished	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 animals	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perish	participle		Many animals not said here		the bushfire			vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Example 2

The rubber band had perished and snapped.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 band	det
2	rubber	rubber	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 band	compound
3	band	band	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 perished	nsubj:pass
4	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 perished	aux
5	perished	perish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 snapped	cc
7	snapped	snap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 perished	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 perished	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perish	past · perfect · passive		the rubber band					tree rules
2	snap	participle							vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 3

Fresh fruit perishes quickly in the heat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 fruit	amod
2	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 perishes	nsubj
3	perishes	perish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	3 perishes	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 heat	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 heat	det
7	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 perishes	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 perishes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perish	present	Fresh fruit			the heat		quickly property	vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Example 4

"Me, late for school? Perish the thought!"

Sentence 1: "Me, late for school?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Me	punct
2	Me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 school	punct
4	late	late	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 school	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 school	case
6	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Me	conj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 Me	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 2: Perish the thought!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Perish	perish	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 thought	det
3	thought	thought	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Perish	obj
4	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Perish	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	1 Perish	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perish	imperative	you not said here	the thought					tree rules

Example 5

It's perishing cold outside, put your coat on.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 perishing	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 perishing	aux
3	perishing	perish	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 perishing	xcomp
5	outside	outside	ADV	_	3 perishing	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 put	punct
7	put	put	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 perishing	advcl
8	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 coat	nmod:poss
9	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 put	obj
10	on	on	ADP	_	7 put	compound:prt
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 perishing	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perish	present · progressive	It					cold, outside property	vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	put on	infinitive		your coat					vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent coat=Goal

Example 6

Come in, you must be perished!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Come	come	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	in	in	ADV	_	1 Come	advmod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 perished	punct
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 perished	nsubj:pass
5	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 perished	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 perished	aux:pass
7	perished	perish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Come	parataxis
8	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Come	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come in	imperative	you not said here						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	perish	must · passive		you					tree rules

Example 7

Thousands of trees perished in the drought.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 trees	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 trees	case
3	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	perished	perish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 trees	acl
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 drought	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 drought	det
7	drought	drought	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 perished	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 trees	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perish	participle		trees not said here		the drought			vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Example 8

Keep perishable food in the fridge.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	perishable	perishable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 food	amod
3	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Keep	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 fridge	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 fridge	det
6	fridge	fridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Keep	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Keep	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	imperative	you not said here	perishable food		the fridge			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent food=Theme in fridge=Location

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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